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Objective@#Based on 3D printing technology, explore the precision of a perforator vessel location guide plate for fibular musculocutaneous flaps before the transplantation of fibular osteocutaneous flaps and evaluate its application effects.@*Methods@#This study was reviewed and approved by the ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from the patients. From May 2019 to October 2022, 14 patients with jaw defects who needed to undergo fibular perforator flap transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were selected. For the seven patients in the guide plate group, CTA was combined with Mimics software to reconstruct both lower limbs, and the perforator vessel positioning guide for locating perforator vessels was designed; the two ends of the guide plate were designed as fixed ends, with the upper end fixed to the knee joint and the lower end fixed to the ankle joint, and the guide plate was fabricated by a 3D printer. For the seven patients in the control group, a conventional handheld Doppler probe was used for perforator vessel location. The average operation time, bleeding volume, recovery time, deviation of perforator vessel location, postoperative flap-related complications, postoperative donor site shape satisfaction, and lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) score were recorded. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.@*Results@#The average operation time, bleeding volume, recovery time, deviation of perforator vessel location and postoperative donor site shape satisfaction were significantly better in the guide plate group than in the control group (P<0.05); moreover, the differences in postoperative flap-related complications and LEFS scores were not statistically significant (P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Based on 3D printing technology, fibular musculocutaneous flap perforator vessels can be more accurately located using a guide plate and the knee and ankle as fixed points, and this method can effectively stabilize the guide position, prevent soft tissue offset, and improve positioning accuracy and thus deserves to be generalized.
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BACKGROUNDS@#Cancer is one of the main causes of death worldwide, seriously threatening human health and life expectancy. We aimed to analyze the cancer incidence and mortality rates during 2016 in Zhejiang Province, Southeast China.@*METHODS@#Data were collected from 14 population-based cancer registries across Zhejiang Province of China. Cancer incidence and mortality rates stratified by sex and region were analyzed. The crude rate, age-standardized rate, age-specific and region-specific rate, and cumulative rate were calculated. The proportions of 10 common cancers in different groups and the incidence and mortality rates of the top five cancers in different age groups were also calculated. The Chinese national census of 2000 and the world Segi population was used for calculating the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates.@*RESULTS@#The 14 cancer registries covered a population of 14,250,844 individuals, accounting for 29.13% of the population of Zhejiang Province. The total reported cancer cases and deaths were 55,835 and 27,013, respectively. The proportion of morphological verification (MV%) was 78.95% of the population, and percentage of incident cases identified through death certificates only (DCO%) was 1.23% with a mortality-to-incidence ratio (M/I ratio) of 0.48. The crude incidence rate in Zhejiang cancer registration areas was 391.80/105; the age-standardized incidence rate of the Chinese standard population (ASIRC) and the age-standardized incidence rate of the world standard population (ASIRW) were 229.76/105 and 220.96/105, respectively. The incidence rate in men was higher than that in women. The incidence rate increased rapidly after 45 years of age and peaked in individuals aged 80 to 84 years. The top 10 incidence rates of cancers were lung cancer, female breast cancer, thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, esophageal cancer, and pancreatic cancer (from highest to lowest). The crude mortality rate in Zhejiang cancer registration areas was 189.55/105; the age-standardized mortality rate of the Chinese standard population (ASMRC) and the age-standardized mortality rate of the world standard population (ASMRW) were 94.46/105 and 93.42/105, respectively. The mortality rate in men was higher than that in women, and the male population in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. The cancer mortality rate increased rapidly after 50 years of age and peaked in individuals aged 85+ years. The top 10 mortality rates of cancers were lung cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, female breast cancer, prostate cancer, lymphoma, and leukemia (from highest to lowest).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Lung cancer, female breast cancer, thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, liver cancer, and stomach cancer were the most common cancers in Zhejiang Province. Effective prevention and control measures should be established after considering the different characteristics of cancers in urban and rural areas.
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Female , Humans , Male , China/epidemiology , Esophageal Neoplasms , Incidence , Registries , Rural Population , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
@#Cancer is the leading cause of death in China． In recent years，Chinese government has advocated tremendous efforts in advancing research on cancer prevention and control，and has made great advancement． In this review，we briefly summarized the current research progress on cancer epidemiology in China，including the aspects of cancer burden，cancer－related risk factors and its intervention，screening and early detection，implementation plan of cancer prevention and control ( 2019－2022) ，in order to provide technical support and theoretical evidence in implementing effective cancer prevention and control in China in the future．
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OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Tashinone II A-sulfoacid-natrum on the pain threshold and potential molecular mechanism for neuropathic cancer pain. METHODS: Forty‑five male Balb/c mice were divided into control group model group and experiment group with each 15. The sciatic nerve muscle plexus of experiment and model group were given injection containing S180 sarcoma cell 2 × 106 mL for each mouse. Mice in the experiment group were given Tashinone II A-sulfoacid-natrum 25 mg/kg once a day intraperitoneal injection. Moreover, mice in the control group were given physiological saline 25 mg/kg, once a day intraperitoneal injection. The mechanical withdraw threshold and thermal withdraw latency were recorded before S180 sarcoma cell injection and in the time point of day 3, 6, 9, 12, and 14. After 14 days treatment, the mice were treated to death and the sciatic nerve CX3CR1 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‑κB) mRNA was tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Compared with control group, the mechanical and thermal pain threshold of experiment group was significant decreased (P < 0.05). However, compared with the model group, the mechanical, and thermal pain threshold of experiment group was significant elevated in time point of day 3, 6, 9, 12, 14 for mechanical pain threshold and day 9, 12 14 for thermal pain threshold (P < 0.05); the pain threshold for the experiment and model group was decreased in the first 9 days and then elevated gradually. Compared with control group, the CX3CR1 and NF‑κB mRNA relative expression in mice sciatic nerve of experiment group was significant elevated (P < 0.05); but compared with model group, the CX3CR1 and NF‑κB mRNA relative expression of experiment group was significant decreased (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Tashinone II A-sulfoacid-natrum can elevates the mechanical and thermal pain threshold through inhibiting the NF‑κB in neuropathic cancer pain rat.
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Objective To investigate cancer high - risk rate,screening rate,detection rate in Zhejiang urban area and to provide the further evidence for cancer screening,early detection and treatment programs. Methods Epidemiological investigation and cancer risk evaluation were launched among 40 - 69 years old residents in Hangzhou and Ningbo city. People who were at high risk of lung cancer,liver cancer,upper digestive tract cancer,female breast cancer and colorectal cancer could receive clinical screening for free. Cancer high risk rates,screening rate and clinical detection rates were calculated. Results A total of 41 547 residents finished questionnaires and cancer risk evaluation. Cancer high risk rates of lung,liver,upper digestive,female breast and colorectal were 14. 05% ,12. 58% ,23. 28% ,11. 50% and 11. 82% , respectively. The rates of people who encountered single,couple,three,four and five types of cancer high risk were 29. 64% ,10. 97% ,3. 41% ,1. 16% ,0. 38% ,respectively. Screening rates for the five types of cancer were 50. 91% for lung cancer,49. 16% for liver cancer,19. 55% for upper digestive tract cancer,56. 25% for female breast cancer and 21. 75% for colorectal cancer. Lung cancer/ suspected lung cancer detection rate was 2. 42% . Breast cancer screening BI- RADS Grade 4 - 5 detection rate was 6. 71% . Upper digestive tract cancer detection rate was 0. 32% . Liver cancer detection rate was 0. 04% . Colorectal cancer detection rate was 0. 75% . Conclusion Technical solutions and program management should be improved to enhance the effect of cancer screening,early detection and treatment programs.
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Objective To investigate the bladder cancer incidence and mortality in cancer registries of Zhejiang province during 2000 to 2009.Methods The data were collected from six cancer registries in Zhejiang province.Staff of Zhejiang Provincial Cancer Prevention and Control Office checked the data and calculated crude rate,standardized rate and trend. Results The incidence rate of bladder cancer in Zhejiang cancer registration areas was 6.97 /105 during 2000 to 2009. The incidence of male was higher than female,the ratio was 3.40∶1.The incidence rate increased from 2000(6.36 /105 ) to 2009(7.99 /105 ),with the Annual Percent Change (APC)of 3.69% (95% Confidence Interval:2.49% ~4.90%). The mortality rate of bladder cancer in Zhejiang cancer registration areas was 2.00 /105 during 2000 to 2009.The mortality of male was higher than female,with the ratio 3.27∶1.The mortality of bladder cancer showed ascending trend with a slight fluctuation from 2000 to 2009 (APC =2.28%).The incidence and mortality of bladder cancer showed significantly increasing in above 55 years old age groups.The incidence rate peaked in the 80 -84 age group,while the mortality peaked at age group of over 85 years old.Conclusion The bladder cancer prevention and control work should be focused on the elderly male population in Zhejiang province.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the incidence and mortality of cancer registered in Zhejiang province in 2009.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The statistics of incidence and mortality of cancer were collected from 6 population-based cancer registries in Zhejiang province, including 30 613 new incidence cases and 16 920 death cases reported in 2009. The 6 cancer registries covered population at 9 560 699 in all. The crude rate, age-standardized rate, cumulative rate (0-74 years old), cut rate (35-64 years old), age-specific rate of incidence/mortality as well as the constitution of top 10 common cancers were then calculated and analyzed. The age-standardized rate was calculated and adjusted by the Chinese standard population in 1982 as well as the Segi's world standard population.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The crude incidence of cancer was 320.20/100 000. Age-standardized incidence by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were separately 161.99/100 000 and 207.92/100 000, the cumulative rate was 23.83% and the cut rate was 346.87/100 000. Meanwhile, the crude mortality rate was 176.97/100 000, and the age-standardized mortality by Chinese standard population and by world standard population were 79.17/100 000, 107.02/100 000, respectively; and the cumulative mortality rate was 12.23% and cut rate was 139.75/100 000. Age-specific incidence among 0-34 years old population remained low; however, the incidence among 35-39 age group increased obviously (116.46/100 000, 954 cases). The incidence among 45-49 age group elevated even more sharply (272.97/100 000, 2388 cases) and finally reached the peak among 80-84 age group (1564.36/100 000, 2272 cases). Age-specific mortality arose among 40-44 age group (48.06/100 000, 424 cases) and reached its peak among 80-84 age group (1392.23/100 000, 2022 cases) as well. The most common types of cancer were lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, esophageal cancer, thyroid cancer, pancreatic cancer, cervical cancer and lymphoma, which accounted for 74.37% (22 763/30 613) of all new cancer cases.Lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic cancer, leukemia, lymphoma, brain tumors and breast cancer accounted for 87.75% (14 848/16 920) of all cancer deaths.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The incidence and mortality of cancer both increased in 2009 according to the statistics from cancer registry in Zhejiang province.Lung cancer, malignant tumor in digestive system and breast cancer were still the key challenges in cancer prevention and control. Meanwhile, the increased incidence of thyroid cancer should also be noticed.</p>
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Age Distribution , China , Epidemiology , Incidence , Neoplasms , Epidemiology , Mortality , Sex Distribution , Survival RateABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the patterns of incidence and mortality on larynx cancer in China.Methods Data from 32 Cancer Registries in China were examined,sorted,and analyzed by the National Cancer Registry,to obtain the crude,Chinese national and world age- standardized rates (ASR) of incidence and mortality and their trends.Results The crude incidence and mortality rates of larynx cancer wcrc 2.04/105 and 1.06/105 in China during 2003-2007.The rates were higher in males than those in females,and also higher in urban areas than those in rural areas.The highest Chinese ASRs of incidence and mortality of larynx cancer in 32 cancer registries in China were 2.08/105 in Zhongshan city,Guangdong province,and 1.58/105 in She county,Hebei province respectively.The trend of incidence and mortality of larynx cancer was stable from 2003 to 2007.Conclusion Although both the incidence and mortality of larynx cancer in China were still in low level,comprehensive measures should be carried out to prevent the increase on both the incidence and mortality of larynx cancer.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Non-adhesive liquid embolic agents are increasingly gaining importance in the embolization of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We investigated the use of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) as a non-adhesive embolic agent in swine rete mirabile.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PNIPAM hydrogel was mixed with iohexol and embolization was performed in swine rete mirabile in 30 animals. The microcatheter was examined after embolization. Follow-up angiography was performed for embolic efficacy after embolization. Embolized retia were examined histopathologically, and the alterations of inside rete and surrounding tissue were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The copolymer hydrogel was used for rete embolization in 30 swine, 28 swine survived the procedure, 2 swine died, 1 swine died of cerebrum infarction and the other died of embolic agent reflux into the occipital artery. The inside wall of the microcatheter was smooth, without copolymer adhering to it. Follow-up angiography was performed in 22 swine, there was no rete recanalization in 20 swine and partial rete recanalization in 2 swine because of the trunk embolization of ascending pharyngeal arteries. Histopathologically, the copolymer was found diffused into vessels of 100 - 150 microm in diameter. In acute group, neutrophils scattered surrounding the copolymer and endothelial integrity was observed, without endothelial denuding and necrosis. In subacute and chronic groups, the copolymer was found inside retia, a few mononuclear cells and eosinocytes scattered inside and surrounding it. The muscular layer was loosened with most muscular nuclei degraded.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Experimental rete embolization with PNIPAM, made radiopaque with iohexol, is technically feasible in swine. Because of its properties, PNIPAM has great potential as a therapeutic non-adhesive embolic agent.</p>