Acteoside promotes autophagy and apoptosis of hepatoma cells by regulating JNK signaling pathway / 中国中药杂志

This study explored the molecular mechanism of acteoside against hepatoma 22(H22) tumor in mice through c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) signaling pathway. H22 cells were subcutaneously inoculated in 50 male BALB/c mice, and then the model mice were classified into model group, low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose acteoside groups, and cisplatin group. The administration lasted 2 weeks for each group(5 consecutive days/week). The general conditions of mice in each group, such as mental status, diet intake, water intake, activity, and fur were observed. The body weight, tumor volume, tumor weight, and tumor-inhibiting rate were compared before and after administration. Morphological changes of liver cancer tissues were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining, and the expression of phosphorylated(p)-JNK, JNK, B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), Beclin-1, and light chain 3(LC3) in each tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. qRT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expression of JNK, Bcl-2, Beclin-1, and LC3. The general conditions of mice in model and low-dose acteoside groups were poor, while the general conditions of mice in the remaining three groups were improved. The body weight of mice in medium-dose acteoside group, high-dose acteoside group, and cisplatin group was smaller than that in model group(P<0.01). The tumor volume in model group was insignificantly different from that in low-dose acteoside group, and the volume in cisplatin group showed no significant difference from that in high-dose acteoside group. Tumor volume and weight in medium-dose and high-dose acteoside groups and cisplatin group were lower than those in the model group(P<0.001). The tumor-inhibiting rates were 10.72%, 40.32%, 53.79%, and 56.44% in the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose acteoside groups and cisplatin group, respectively. HE staining showed gradual decrease in the count of hepatoma cells and increasing sign of cell necrosis in the acteoside and cisplatin groups, and the necrosis was particularly obvious in the high-dose acteoside group and cisplatin group. Immunohistochemical results suggested that the expression of Beclin-1, LC3, p-JNK, and JNK was up-regulated in acteoside and cisplatin groups(P<0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and qRT-PCR indicated that the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated in the medium-dose and high-dose acteoside groups and cisplatin group(P<0.01). Western blot showed that the expression of Beclin-1, LC3, and p-JNK was up-regulated in acteoside and cisplatin groups(P<0.01), and there was no difference in the expression of JNK among groups. qRT-PCR results showed that the levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 mRNA were up-regulated in the acteoside and cisplatin groups(P<0.05), and the level of JNK mRNA was up-regulated in medium-dose and high-dose acteoside groups and cisplatin group(P<0.001). Acteoside promotes apoptosis and autophagy of H22 cells in mice hepatoma cells by up-regulating the JNK signaling pathway, thus inhibiting tumor growth.

Rapid health technology assessment of Aidi injection combined with first-line chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness， safety and economics of Aidi injection combined with first-line chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC）， and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical drug use and decision. METHODS Retrieved from PubMed， Embase， the Cochrane Library， CNKI， Wanfang databases， VIP and Health Technology Assessment （HTA） related websites， HTA reports， systematic evaluation/meta-analysis and economic evaluations about Aidi injection combined with first-line chemotherapy for NSCLC were collected from the inception to Aug. 2022. After data extraction and quality evaluation， descriptive analysis was performed for the results of included studies. RESULTS A total of 16 pieces of literature were included， involving 1 piece of systematic review， 13 pieces of meta-analysis， 2 pieces of pharmacoeconomic studies. Compared with first-line chemotherapy， Aidi injection combined with first-line chemotherapy could improve response rate and disease control rate， prolonged survival time， improved survival quality， reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting， leukocytopenia and thrombocytopenia， and improved immune function， but had controversial effects on liver and kidney function. With the payment threshold set by 3 times the national per capita GDP in 2019， Aidi injection combined with first-line chemotherapy had a more economical probability. CONCLUSIONS Aidi injection combined with first-line chemotherapy for NSCLC has good efficacy and safety， and has certain economic benefits. However， given the limited pharmacoeconomic studies included， the economic conclusions obtained need to be carefully interpreted.

Platinum in neoadjuvant therapy for triple-negative breast cancer / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Although adding platinum to taxane- and anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients can significantly improve the pathological complete response (pCR) rate and long-term survival, it is associated with higher treatment-related adverse events (AEs) . Current researches focus on the response predictors to select patients who may benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy. Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) can identify patients who truly need platinum drugs, that is, those with BRCA wild-type but HRD tumors. Results suggest that anthracycline-based chemotherapy is sufficient for BRCA mutation carriers and that non-HRD carriers will not benefit from the added carboplatin.

Failure Analysis on Interface Stress in Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty / 医用生物力学

Objective To analyze interface stress of cemented tibial prosthesis platform and determine the interface stress damage area, so as to provide references for stress failure of tibial platform in clinical single condylar replacement. Methods The full cycle gait was simulated by human dynamics software to obtain the load-bearing condition of knee joint. A complete model of the knee joint was established by medical imaging and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction software, and unicompartmental replacement was performed. The distribution of interfacial stress of tibial prosthesis platform after single condylar replacement was analyzed by finite element method. ResultsIn gait, force and angle of the knee joint changed periodically with time, a cycle lasted 1.3 s, and the peak of knee joint resultant force was 760 N. The maximum shear stress of the interface was 11.82 MPa and the maximum tensile stress was 6.849 MPa, both occurred at inner front end of the corner of prosthesis cement interface. The maximum interface stress of titanium alloy prosthesis was lower than that of stainless steel prosthesis. Conclusions The decrease in elastic modulus of prosthesis can reduce the maximum principal stress at the interface. Considering the interface stress, titanium alloy prosthesis is better than stainless steel prosthesis. The area of tibial prosthetic platform interface damage is mainly at the medial anterior and posterior corners and lateral middle ends,so improving the ability of prosthesis cement bonding in this area can prevent the loosening of tibial prosthesis of unicompartmental knee joint.The findings have practical implications for the prevention of tibial prosthetic platform loosening after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in clinic.

Erratum: Analysis of Tau Protein Expression in Predicting Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer / 한국유방암학회지

This corrects the article “Analysis of Tau Protein Expression in Predicting Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer” in volume 23 on page 47.This article was initially published on the Journal of Breast Cancer with a misspelled the abbreviation in figure 3. The abbreviation ‘HP’ should be corrected as ‘HR’.

Analysis of Tau Protein Expression in Predicting Pathological Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Different Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer / 한국유방암학회지

PURPOSE: Tau is a microtubule-associated protein that can be found in both normal and abnormal breast cells. Whether the expression of Tau protein can predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is still unclear. In this study, we assessed the role of Tau protein expression in predicting a pathological complete response (pCR) to NACT for different subtypes of breast cancer.METHODS: Four hundred and sixty-eight eligible patients were retrospectively recruited in our study. The relationship between clinicopathologic factors, including Tau protein expression, and pCR in different subtypes was evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Correlation between Tau and disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) was performed using Kaplan–Meier analysis.RESULTS: The expression of Tau protein was negatively correlated with pCR, especially in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). No significant difference was observed in the luminal human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2)-negative subtype and HER2-positive subtype. Patients with pCR were associated with better DFS and OS (p < 0.05). However, Tau protein expression had no association with either DFS or OS (p > 0.05).CONCLUSION: Tau protein expression can predict pCR before NACT in TNBC, but there was no correlation between Tau expression and DFS or OS.

Comparison of Oncoplastic Breast-Conserving Surgery and Breast-Conserving Surgery Alone: A Meta-Analysis / 한국유방암학회지

PURPOSE: The use of oncoplastic reconstruction for breast-conserving surgery (BCS) extends benefits beyond merely minimizing poor cosmetic results. However, the feasibility and oncological safety of oncoplastic surgery (OPS) are controversial. METHODS: This meta-analysis aimed to compare the short-term and long-term oncological outcomes of BCS alone and BCS plus OPS. Relevant studies published before July 2017 in the Embase, the Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were screened and collected. The meta-analysis was performed using STATA software (Stata Corp.). RESULTS: A total of 3,789 patients from 11 studies were included, with 2,691 patients in the BCS-alone group and 1,098 patients in the BCS plus OPS group. The demographics were similar between both groups, and no significant difference was observed in pathological T and N stages between the two groups. Re-excision was less common (relative risk [RR], 0.66; p=0.009) and the positive-margin rate was lower, but not significantly (RR, 0.83; p=0.191), in the BCS plus OPS group than in the BCS-alone group. The local and distal recurrence rates were similar in both groups. Both disease-free survival (hazard ratio [HR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.96–1.49; p=0.112) and overall survival (HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.76–1.69; p=0.527) did not differ between the two groups. CONCLUSION: A combination of BCS and OPS is preferred over BCS alone for decreasing re-excisions and provides similar long-term survival as BCS alone in patients with breast cancer.

Analysis on correlation between DWI in diagnosis of prostate cancer and Gleason score / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the correlation between the detection rate of diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) in diagnosis prostate cancer and the Gleason score.Methods Ninety-one cases of intact pathological data and clinically suspected prostate cancer were collected.All cases were undertaken the routine sequence (TIWI/T2WI) and DWI (value b=600 s/mm2) examination.The cases of pathologically diagnosed prostate cancer were performed the Gleason score.Results Among 91 cases,44 cases were benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) and 47 cases were prostate carcinoma(PCa).The ADC values in the BPH group and PCa group were (1.250±0.263)× 10-3mm2/s and (0.955±0.191)× 10-3mm2/s.According to Gleason score,the PCa group was re-divided into three sub-groups:high differentiation,middle differentiation and low differentiation,the apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) values were (1.158±0.173)× 10-3mm2/s,(1.050±0.192)× 10-3mm2/s and (0.891±0.241) × 10-3 mm2/s respectively.Their diagnostic accuracy rates for diagnosing PCa were 63.6％,78.3％ and 84.6％ respectively.The ADC value of different pathological groups in PCa with Gleason score is negatively correlated with the Gleason score.The accuracy rate of DWI in diagnosis of PEa is positively correlated with the Gleason score.Conclusion The lower prostate cancer differentiation,the higher Gleason score and the higher accuracy of DWI in diagnosing PCa.