Comparative study of clinical examination, mammography and fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of breast tumours

The diagnostic acuracy of clinical examination, mammography and fine needle aspiration cytology was compared with definitive histological findings in 125 breast lumps. When suitable aspirates were obtained for cytological examination, the diagnostic acuracy of aspiration cytology was higher than clinical examination or mammography. A diagnostic acuracy of 100% was achieved when all three screening tests were in agreement. Cytology is useful in identifying malignancy when clinical findings suggest that the tumour is benign. The availability of acurati cytology has affected patient management in many ways. Mammography did not enhance the diagnostic acuracy of clinical examination and aspiration cytology in patients presenting with a breast lump and as a procedure with potential hazard, the benifit of routine mammography is questionable when an efficient cytological service is available

Renal biopsy clinico-patho logical study in E.P.H. gestosis

Renal biopsy studies were performed on 15 cases of mild and severe E.P.H. gestosis in the department of Gynaecology and obstetrics, Ain Shams Univ. Hospitals, in the near post partum period. Light microscopic results for renal biopsies varied in severity with the clinical manifestations of the disease. Thickened glomerular basement membrane, enlargement of the glomeruli as well as increased lobulation was observed in severe cases. One case showed duplication of the basement membrane. The results of immunofluorescent studies in this work showed that plentiful IgM and to a lesser extent IgG deposits were always present within endothelial cells of glomerular loop and also in the mesangium. The deposits appeared granular and patchy in character. C[3] was seen in six of the cases examined. The deposits appeared proporational to the severity of the renal histopathological changes. C[3] deposition in the wall of afferent and efferent arterioles in this work did not correlate with the severity of the disease. Fibrin deposits were minimal or totally abscent in the examined specimens of this study. The correlation between the clinical degree of severity of E.P.H. condition, the light microscopic changes and the immunofluorescent appearances were confirmed