ABSTRACT
Fistula-in-ano is one of the common anorectal conditions. Knowledge of its pattern is helpful in proper management of cases. Methods: The present hospital baed study was conducted upon 55 cases to assess the profile and surgical outcome. Background details of patients, the details of their illness, the treatment given and the details of postoperative period were recorded. Results: Most of the patients belonged to the age group of 31-40 years with male: female ratio of 3.59:1. All the patients suffered from discharge and had external opening. Most of the patients had low anal fistula (78.2%). External opening was located posteriorly in 72.7% patients. Mean healing time was 3.7 ± 1.1 weeks. 14.5% patients had wound infection and 7.3% suffered from headache. Conclusion: Fistula-in-ano has male preponderance. Fistulectomy is the usual procedure and the post operative complications tend to be minimal.
ABSTRACT
Uterine fibroid are the most common benign pelvic tumor in females. Its occurrence in reproductive age group makes it important. Methods: The present hospital based cross-sectional study was done to find the clinicopathological features of fibroid of uterus at a tertiary care center. Histopathological examination was done to observe the type and morphology of these lesions. Results: Uterine fibroids are commonly seen in females of <40 years age and present with menorrhagia (55.2%) and abdominal pain (27.1%). The most common location was intramural (63.5%) and the most common degeneration was hyaline change (12.5%). Conclusion: Routine histopathological examination of hysterectomy specimen is needed to rule out tumor or infective pathology.
ABSTRACT
The common causes of bicytopenia or pancytopenia include either marrow suppression or marrow infiltration. It may be due to aplastic anemia, megaloblastic anemia or hematological malignancies. The present study was done to find the clinico-aetiological profile of bicytopenia & pancytopenia among pediatric patients. Methods: The present hospital based cross-sectional study was done on children suffering from bicytopenia or pancytopenia. Detailed clinical history, thorough physical examination and hematological tests were done. Appropriate statistical calculations for summarization of data were done. Results: Bicytopenia was seen in 58.2% and pancytopenia in 41.8% patients. Megaloblastic anemia (43.6%), infection (23.6%), aplastic anemia (14.5%) and leukemia (10.9%) were the aetiological factors. Patients presented with pallor (85.5%), fever (76.4%), petechial haemorrhage (43.6%), hepatomegaly (38.2%), splenomegaly (23.6%), anorexia (21.8%) and lymphadenopathy (18.2%). Conclusion: Non-malignant causes were responsible in majority of cases (89.9%) and can be treated.
ABSTRACT
Background: NMR contributes to two-third of infant mortality and proper newborn care is essential for achieving the target of reduction in IMR. The present study was conducted to find the newborn care practices in a rural community and to explore the associated factors.Methods: The present community based cross sectional study was conducted upon children born in the study area within past three months. Mothers were interviewed using pretested proforma.Results: It was seen that 87.3% children were cared by their mothers, rooming-in was universal, 82.1% children were kept warm, early bathing was avoided by 45.8% mothers, 96.2% of children were given vaccine at birth and umbilical stump hygiene was maintained in 61.3% cases.Conclusions: The newborn care practices are far from ideal. Community based interventions can be helpful to improve the same
ABSTRACT
Staphylococcus aureus is important organism responsible for wide variety of infections. The present study was conducted to find the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus in various clinical samples received at the department of Microbiology, Darbhanga Medical College and to assess its sensitivity pattern. It was observed that 20.9% of the samples were positive and 42.2% of the isolated Staphylococcus aureus were methicillin resistant (MRSA). Most common sample was pus (38.4%) followed by urine (20.9%). 42.2% of the samples were resistant to Cefoxitin, Cefotaxime and Amoxicillin. 60.9% were resistant to Erythromycin and 24.4% to Gentamicin. Monitoring of antibiotic sensitivity is essential for better clinical management and preventing antibiotic resistance.
ABSTRACT
Obesity is associated with many health problems. Obesity rates are gradually increasing. The present descriptive study was conducted to find the prevalence and factors of overweight and obesity among school children of Nalanda. It was seen that 5.3% children were overweight and 1.7% were obese. Living in urban area, being female, less outdoor activities, lesser indoor activities and habit of fast food eating are associated with higher chances of obesity. Health education is needed to control the situation.
ABSTRACT
Open defecation has many health hazards. Still, it is rampant in different parts of the country. The present study was conducted to find the prevalence of open defecation and factors associated with this behaviour among residents of rural area of Nalanda District. Open defecation was practiced by 35% of rural population. It was significantly associated with age (p=0.02), sex (p=0.01), education (p=0.00) and occupation (p=0.00). Association with caste (p=0.23), type of family (p=0.63) and type of housing (p=0.053) was not significant. Open defecation has strong roots in our culture and access/ availability of toilets poses many challenges.
ABSTRACT
Background: Voluntary non-remunerated blood donation is the key strategy to ensure availability of safe blood. India is facing shortage of 2.5 million units of blood annually and voluntary donation rate is only 50%. The present study was conducted in a fully literate district of India to assess the attitude and practice of blood donation and various associated beliefs. Methodology: This cross-sectional community based study was conducted in Cheranalloor Panchayat of Ernakulam. A total of 202 respondents selected using multi-stage sampling between 18 and 60 years of age were interviewed. Data was analyzed using computer. Results & Conclusion: 25.2% respondents ever donated blood which correlated with knowledge level (r=0.233) or attitude level (r=0.225). The major reasons for blood donation were for relatives (39.2%), in emergency for others (35.3%) and as voluntary donation (6.4%). Among non-willing, reasons cited for not willing to donate blood were ill health (46.9%), old age (25.8%) and fear of blood (16.6%). Attitude towards blood donation is low in this literate area. Proper information regarding blood donation needs to be conveyed to the community.