ABSTRACT
Background: Now a day’s mental and behavioural disorders are common in the community. Globally, some 450 million persons suffer from a mental or behavioural disorder contributing to 13% of global burden of disease.1TheServices are provided by psychiatric hospitals where assessments are carried out by psychiatrists, clinical psychologists and sometimes psychiatric social workers, using various methods but often relying on observation and questioning. Even this is done in the community. Thus on the basis of these observations we have drawn the conclusion of epidemiological variants among the patients. Aims & Objective: To assess the frequency of various epidemiological trends in patients in mental hospital and to study associated risk factors in them. Material and Methods: 118 patients out of 237 in mental hospital were selected on random basis. On predesigned Performa, various details were noted and the data was analyzed in epi info 7. Results: There were 48.3% females and 51.7% males. There were 87 cases of schizophrenia and 19 case of bipolar disorder in manic phase. The 57.98% of patients present with behaviour abnormality and 43.45% of patients have the abnormal BMI and 24.25% of patients of patients have primary education level. The 81.21% of people were not working. Conclusion: Resources and service for the mental disorder are comparatively low as compared to the burden of the disease. Thus by studying the various epidemiological correlations we can plan certain preventive measures so that mental disease burden could be decrease. Looking to the etiopathology, found in our study it is recommended that counselling should also be a part of management and importance should be given to environmental or social factors like education living standards etc. for prevention of mental disorders.
ABSTRACT
Background: Acute respiratory tract infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing and also developed countries. About 13 Million under 5 children dies every year in the world, 95% of them in developing countries, one third of total deaths are due to ARI. Objective: To study the epidemiological profile of ARI and find out associated risk factors of ARI in under 5 children living in urban and rural areas of Ahmedabad district. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was covering 500 under 5 children living in urban (five zone) and rural (five PHC of Sanand taluka) area of Ahmedabad district from September 2008 to March 2009. Results: Occurrence of ARI was found to be 22%, it was lower in urban area (17.2%) as compare to rural area (26.8%) higher in. A significant association was found between ARI and low social class, overcrowded houses low birth weight, delay start initiation of breast feeding, prelactal feeding, timely given complementary feeding and immunization status. Conclusion: The study strongly towards the importance of basic health promotional measures like proper infant feeding practices, proper nutrition of the child and socio-economic improvement in prevention and control of ARI.
ABSTRACT
Background: Acute respiratory tract infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing and also developed countries. About 13 Million under 5 children dies every year in the world, 95% of them in developing countries, one third of total deaths are due to acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) 1. Objective: To assess the knowledge of mothers regarding acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) in urban and rural communities of Ahmadabad district. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was covering 500 mothers living in urban (five zone) and rural (five primary health centre (PHC) of sanand taluka) area of Ahmedabad district from September 2008 to March 2009. Results: Questionnaire regarding knowledge revealed that 35.2% of mothers preferred private set up as a place of choice for treatment (more in urban area 58.4%). 71.4% of mothers preferred allopathy as a choice of type of treatment. 40.8% of mothers rated diseases as serious (more in urban area 54.4%). 50.8% mothers were illiterate (70% in rural area) and 70.4% mothers were housewives. Conclusion: The study strongly towards the low utilization of basic health services in government set up, lack of mother’s education especially in prevention and control of ARI.Health education can change health care seeking behaviors and attitude of parents and other family members to take care of the ARI child during illness.
ABSTRACT
The consequences of survivors of natural disasters in relation to post-traumatic stress disorder are discussed in detail with brief mention about the treatment schedule.