Design and application of duplex peritoneal dialyzer with controllable dialysate volume / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop a duplex peritoneal dialyzer with controllable dialysate volume.Methods The dialyzer was designed with considerations on safety and convenience,which was composed of a dialysate feeding bag,a drainage bag,a dialysate changing opening,a dialysate taking opening,a dialysate outlet,a delivery flask,a flow control valve and a compensating bar.There were scales calibrated on the dialysate feeding bag and drainage bag to facilitate flux controlling.The openings of the dialysate feeding bag and drainage bag were connected with the dialysate changing opening by adapting pipe,and the dialysate changing opening could fulfill dialysate input and used dialysate drainage.Results The dialyzer realized dialysis based on actual requirements of the patient,decreased the times for connection to prevent infection due to frequent changing,and lowered the incidence rates of corresponding complications such as peritonitis.Conclusion The disposable dialyzer has easy operation,convenience and high safety,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

Progresses of mechanics development mechanism and MR techniques in carotid plaque / 中国医学影像技术

Carotid plaques are closely related to strokes or transient ischemic attacks.MRI plays an important role in the diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis.At present,the study of carotid plaque MRI is mainly focused on the evaluation of plaque stability and pathological mechanism.The research progresses of development mechanism and MR techniques in the diagnosis of carotid plaque were reviewed in this article.

Design and application of duplex peritoneal dialyzer with controllable dialysate volume / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To develop a duplex peritoneal dialyzer with controllable dialysate volume.Methods The dialyzer was designed with considerations on safety and convenience,which was composed of a dialysate feeding bag,a drainage bag,a dialysate changing opening,a dialysate taking opening,a dialysate outlet,a delivery flask,a flow control valve and a compensating bar.There were scales calibrated on the dialysate feeding bag and drainage bag to facilitate flux controlling.The openings of the dialysate feeding bag and drainage bag were connected with the dialysate changing opening by adapting pipe,and the dialysate changing opening could fulfill dialysate input and used dialysate drainage.Results The dialyzer realized dialysis based on actual requirements of the patient,decreased the times for connection to prevent infection due to frequent changing,and lowered the incidence rates of corresponding complications such as peritonitis.Conclusion The disposable dialyzer has easy operation,convenience and high safety,and thus is worthy promoting practically.

Progresses of mechanics development mechanism and MR techniques in carotid plaque / 中国医学影像技术

Carotid plaques are closely related to strokes or transient ischemic attacks.MRI plays an important role in the diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis.At present,the study of carotid plaque MRI is mainly focused on the evaluation of plaque stability and pathological mechanism.The research progresses of development mechanism and MR techniques in the diagnosis of carotid plaque were reviewed in this article.

Preoperative neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Preoperative radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy and (or) targeted therapy not only reduces the local recurrence of locally advanced rectal cancer and increases the rate of anal preservation and pathologic complete response,but also improves patient compliance.Preoperative neoadjuvant therapy will gradually become the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Study on mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines reducing phlegm and resolving masses in treatment of goiter / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicines reducing phlegm and resolving masses in treatment of iodine deficiency-induced goiter by observing the expression of growth factors and the balance-regulating mechanism of proliferation and apoptosis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>180 four-week-old Wistar rats were selected to establish the iodine deficiency model. After the modeling, the rats were randomly divided into six groups: the normal control group, the model control group, the iodine group, the phlegm compound group, the L-T4 group and the phlegm compound and L-T4 group. At the 21st day and 77th day after administration, 15 rats in each group were killed to collect specimens. Doses were calculated and adjusted according to body surface area and body weight. TT3, TT4 radioimmunoassay, TSH, immunoradiometric method were adopted. Fas, FasL and PCNA protein expressions are detected using immunohistochemical methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with the normal group and the model group, the expressions of fas and FasL in the phlegm Group significantly increased, the expressions of fas and FasL in the phlegm and L-T4 group were also increased significantly. The expression of fas in the L-T4 Group was significantly lower than that of the L-T4 group and the phlegm compound and L-T4 group. Compared with the normal group, the expression of PCNA of the phlegm group and the phlegm and L-T4 group was significantly lower. Compared with the model group, the expression of PCNA of the iodine group, the phlegm groups and the phlegm and L-T4 group were significantly lower. Compared with the normal group, the expression of VEGF in the iodine group significantly decreased after treatment. Compared with the iodine group, the expression of VEGF in the phlegm group and the L-T4 group significantly reduced. Compared with the normal group, the expression of TGF-beta1 in the model group and the phlegm group significantly increased. Compared with model group, the expression of TGF-beta1 in the iodine group significantly reduced. Compared with the phlegm group, the expression of TGF-beta1 in the phlegm compound and L-T4 group was significantly reduced.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Traditional Chinese medicines reducing phlegm and resolving masses can completely recover goiter by promoting apoptosis of thyroid cells, inhibiting their proliferation and the expression of growth factors and enhancing the expression of TGF-beta, without causing injury on thyroid cells.</p>

Relationship between apnea and hyperbilirubinemia in premature infants / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association between hyperbilirubinemia and apnea in premature infants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Premature infants with apnea and birth weight >1500 g were tested for the heart rate, serum level of bilirubin, saturation of blood oxygen (SO₂) and partial pressure of oxygen (PO₂) before and after treatment, with term infants serving as the control. A comparative analyses of the serum level of bilirubin, SO₂ and PO₂ were carried out in the premature infants with birth weight <1500 g suffering apneic syndrome or not on the first and third days after birth.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the premature and term infants with apnea and birth weight <1500 g, 92.5% and 70.00% showed increased serum level of indirect bilirubin (IBIL), respectively. The infants with birth weight <1500 g who presented the syndrome of apnea on the first day after birth had significantly higher levels of IBIL than those without an apparent syndrome of apnea. A three-day conventional therapy resulted in an obvious improvement of apneic syndrome and lowered bilirubin level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Increased bilirubin level can be one of the reasons for the development of apnea in premature infants, and therapies for reducing bilirubin level can ameliorate the syndrome of apnea.</p>

Inhibitory effects of L-type Ca2+-channel blocker nifedipine and magnesium sulfate on uterine contractility of full term pregnant women / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effects of L-type Ca2+-channel blocker nifedipine and magnesium sulfate on uterine contractility of full term pregnant women and its relation with labour. Methods: Myometrial strips, prepared from biopsies taken at caesarean section from labouring and non-labouring women at full term pregnancy,were mounted in organ chambers for isometric tension recording. Oxytocin(10-9mol/L) was employed to induce stable contraction. The cumulative effects of nifedipine(10-8, 10-7, 10-6 and 10-5mol/L) and magnesium sulfate (1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 mmol/L) were studied by calculating the frequency, amplitude and AUC of contractions before and after drug applications, and the inhibitory rates were also calculated. Results: Nifedipine exerted a concentration-dependent relaxant effect on human term pregnant myometrial contractions induced by oxytocin. The relaxant effect was greater in the myometrium of non-labouring than that in the labouring group(P0.05). Conclusion: Decreased inhibition of human uterine contractility by L-type Ca2+-channel blocker nifedipine in term labouring myometrium may reflect sensitivity changes of Ca2+-channel to nifedipine after the onset of labour. The inhibitory effects of Mg2+ are not affected by labour, suggesting that Mg2+ may also exert its effect on contractility through other pathways besides Ca2+-channel.