Expression and significance of fork head box protein N2 and F2 in gliomas / 解剖学报

Objective To observe the expression levels of fork head box protein N2 (FOXN2) and fork head box protein F2 (FOXF2) in normal brain tissue, low-grade glioma and high-grade glioma, and to explore the relationship between the two and the grade of glioma, and then deduce their roles in the occurrence and development of glioma, to look for possibilities target of drug therapy. Methods From January 2016 to December 2020, 36 glioma specimens were collected from the Department of Pathology, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College. The expressions of F0XN2 and F0XF2 were detected by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence with the double-blind method, and analyzed by SPSS18. 0 software, with a statistical significance of P<0. 05. Then Western blotting and Real-time PCR experiments were carried out on fresh normal brain tissues, low-grade glioma tissues, high-grade glioma tissues during neurosurgery in Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College from January 2020 to January 2021 (normal brain tissues were all trauma patients). Results The results of immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence showed that the higher grade of glioma, the lower expressions of FOXN2 and FOXF2 would be (P<0. 05). Western blotting showed that the expressions of FOXN2 and FOXF2 in normal brain tissue and low-grade glioma were higher than those in high-grade glioma (P<0. 05). The result of Real-time PCR showed that the expressions of FOXN2 and FOXF2 in normal brain tissue were higher than those in high-grade glioma (P<0. 01). Conclusion FOXN2 and FOXF2 are expressed in normal brain tissues, and their expression is low in glioma in a grade-dependent manner, suggesting that FOXN2 and FOXF2 are related to the grade and poor prognosis of glioma. Enhancing the expression of F0XN2 and F0XF2 ma)' provide a new idea for target therapy of glioma.

Morphological study on early development of brain derived neurophic factor-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of human fetus / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the growth and development of brain derived neurophic factor(BDNF)-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of human fetus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of the BDNF-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of human fetus in the 2(nd),3(rd),and 4(th) month of gestation were observed with the streptavidin-biotin-complex/immunoperoxidase(SABC)method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By the second month of gestation,BDNF-positive neurons were seen in the subventricular layer of the frontal lobe of cerebellum.By the third month of gestation,BDNF-positive neurons in the central layer were in various shapes,with big nucleus,less cytoplasm,and small processes.By the fourth month of gestation,BDNF-positive neurons in the central layer grew larger in size,cytoplasm increased,the BDNF-positive expression was enhanced with deeper dyeing,and the nerve fibers and particles were distributed between neurons;also,the BDNF-positive neurons were seen in the marginal layer of the frontal lobe of cerebrum.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BDNF-positive neurons may participate in the early development of the frontal lobe of cerebrum of human fetus.</p>

Morphological study on development of nerve growth factor-positive neurons in the cerebellum of human fetus / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the growth and development of nerve growth factor (NGF)-positive neurons in the cerebellum of midanaphase human fetus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of the NGF-positive neurons in the cerebrum of human fetus was observed by immunohistochemical methods, and the integral absorbance (IA) was detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By the 3rd to 4th month of gestation, neurons was seen in the ependymal, central, and marginal plate of cerebellum; the nucleus was oval and the neurons had short and small processes. By the 5th to 7th month of gestation, the number of NGF-positive neurons increased, the expressions enhanced, the nucleus was round-, oval-, or fusiform-shaped, the neurons grew larger in size, and the Purkinje cells showed NGF-positive expression. By the 8th to 10th month of gestation, the NGF-positive expression was enhanced with deeper dying, the body of Purkinje cells grew larger gradually, and the number of NGF-positive neurons in the granular cell layer and molecular layer increased. IA of the cerebellar cortical neurons of the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th month of gestation showed an increasing trend, and significant difference was observed (P < 0. 05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NGF-positive neurons in the cerebellum play an important role for differentiation, proliferation, migration, and growth of neurons in the cerebellum.</p>

Morphology of nitric oxide synthase positive neurons in the cerebellar cortex of midanaphase human fetus / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the growth and development of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-positive neurons in the cerebellum of human fetus in the midanaphase.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The positive expression of the NOS-positive neurons in the cerebellum of midanaphase human fetus was observed by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By the sixth to seventh month of gestation, NOS-positive neurons were seen in the ependymal layer of the cerebellum. The nucleus was oval-shaped and the neurons had short and small processes. By the eighth to ninth month, NOS-positive neurons were found in the central layer of the cerebellum and the nucleus was round-, oval-, or fusiform-shaped; meanwhile, the neurons grew larger in size with richer cytoplast and heavier staining. The beaded nerve fibers reached the marginal layer and the layer became thickened on the tenth month, which generally was composed of 5 to 6 layers of NOS-positive neurons that were tightly aligned. Some NOS-positive neurons were in smaller size with the cell body and the nerve fibers grew well.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nitric oxide generated by NOS of the NOS-positive neurons in the cerebellum plays an important role in the differentiation, proliferation, and migration of neurons and gliacytes.</p>

Immunohistochemical study on development of nitric oxide synthase-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of cerebrum of midanaphase human fetus / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the development of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of the cerebrum of human fetus in midanaphase.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The positive expression of the NOS-positive neurons in the frontal lobe of cerebrum of human fetus was observed by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By the 7th to 8th month of gestation, NOS-positive neurons in the cortical plate of frontal lobe demonstrated themselves inequality of sizes and morphological difference in the deeper layers with interspersed distribution and increased NOS response, and the distribution of beaded nerve fiber was observed between neurons of cerebral tissues. By the 9th to 10th month of gestation, NOS-positive neurons in the deeper layers of cortical plate of frontal lobe developed slightly in size of the cell body with richer cytoplast, full shape and deeper dyeing and extrusive beaded nerve fibers, and the NOS-positive neurons scattered in the shallow layer of cortical plate presented with round or oval shape. The nucleus developed bigger but with sparse cytoplasm and clear nerve process.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>NOS-positive neurons in the deeper layer of cortical plate of lobus frontal consist of largely network of neural system and produce micro-environment with higher concentration of NO, which favors the differentiation, proliferation, migration, and development of various neurons.</p>