Granuloma gigantocelular central del maxilar inferior: Presentación de un caso pediátrico / Giant cell granuloma of the lower jaw: Description of a pediatric case

El granuloma gigantocelular central (GGCC), es una lesión tumoral o seudotumoral, infrecuente de los huesos de la cabeza y cuello, que afecta más frecuentemente los maxilares. Su etiología y patogenia son poco conocidas, sus características histológicas son benignas y su comportamiento biológico puede ser agresivo localmente. Presentamos el caso de un niño de 6 años con esta afección y realizamos una revisión de la entidad y sus diagnósticos diferenciales con otras lesiones de los maxilares.

Giant Cell Granuloma (GCG) is an uncommon condition affecting the bones of the head and neck. The ethiology and pathophysiology are not completely understood. The histlogic characteristics of GCG are benign, but its biologic behavior could locally aggressive. We describe the case of a 6 year-old boy with GCG and performed a review of the entity ant their differential diagnosis with other lesions of the maxillary bones.

Use of correction procedures in ploidy analysis of oral carcinomas

Ploidy analysis is an aid in the diagnosis and evaluation of prognosis of tumors. Image analysis is a relatively simple technique to assess ploidy that can be carried out with accessible equipment. However, it requires the use of accurate technical procedures to avoid methodological errors that may bias the measurements. We previously developed two procedures that are simple to apply in routine work and serve to correct the errors derived from the measurement of large nuclei that are not fully contained in the thickness of the section and those derived from non-specific background readings. In the present study we applied these corrections to the retrospective ploidy analysis of a series of 67 patients with oral carcinoma with a follow-up time of 18 months. Thirty-four patients were alive at the end of the study, 33 were deceased. The ploidy values and the malignancy indices corresponding to the deceased and live patients with TNM stage III and IV carcinomas at the time of biopsy were significantly different. There were no significant differences in ploidy values between live and deceased patients with TNM stage I and II at the time of biopsy. The corrections improved the sensitivity of the method and thus the statistical significance of the data. These data suggest that the method proposed may be of use to estimate lesion evolution, in particular in patients with advanced oral squamous cell carcinomas.

Simultaneous PAGE, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical analysis of differentiation associated keratins in lesions of the oral mucosa

The expression of differentiation associated high PM Keratin polypeptides of the oral mucosa lesions were studied by immunohistochemical and immunoblotting techniques applied to adjacent sections of each biopsy specimen. The material studied included specimens of leukoplakia, verrucous carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and keratoacanthoma. Little or no expression of 65-67 Kd keratins was evident in squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Hyperkeratotic (both benign and dysplastic) lesions such as verrucous carcinoma, leukoplakia, and keratoacanthoma, showed great variations in the intensity of 65-67 bands and a very irregular immunohistochemical staining pattern. Increased amounts of horny substance was usually accompanied by absence of, or decreased expression of 65-67 Kd keratins, thus indicating a change in the polypeptide composition of the horny layer in pathological conditions of the oral epithelium.

Enfermedad de Cowden. Estudio clinico y con microscopia optica y electronica. / Cowden's disease. Clinical and with optical and electronic microscopic study

Se comunica un caso de enfermadad de Cowden (sindrome de los hamartomas multiples) en una mujer de 53 anos que presenta multiples papulas en la cara, lesiones verrucosas en los miembros, papulas en la mucosa oral que dan aspecto de empedrado, bocio y poliposis rectosigmoidea. El estudio ultraestructural de las lesiones orales muestra la formacion de una densa banda colagena homogenea por debajo de la membrana basal. Esta ultima presenta numerosas flexuosidades que dan aspectos digitiforme. La membrana celular de los queratinocitos se observa en zonas duplicada o triplicada y hay un ensanchamiento de la sustancia cementante intercelular entre los desmosomas.Se realiza una revision bibliografica y se describen los aspectos clinicos, histologicos, ultraestructurales diagnosticos diferenciales, pronostico y tratamiento de la enfermedad