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1.
Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine [The]. 2017; 69 (8): 2992-2996
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-190082

ABSTRACT

Background: two oral antifungal agents, griseofulvin and terbinafine, have regulatory approval but it is unknown whether one has superior overall efficacy. Genus-specific differences in efficacy are believed to exist for the two agents. It is not clear at what doses and durations of treatment these differences apply


Purpose: the purposes of this meta-analysis were to determine whether a statistically significant difference in efficacy exists between these agents at a given dose and duration of each in tinea capitis infections overall and to determine whether a genus-specific difference in efficacy exists for these two treatments at a given dose and duration of each. We performed a literature search for clinically and methodologically similar randomized controlled trials comparing 8 weeks of griseofulvin [6.25-12.5 mg?kg?day] to 4 weeks of terbinafine [3.125-6.25 mg?kg?day] in the treatment of tinea capitis. A meta-analysis was performed using the Mantel-Haenszel method and random effects model; results were expressed as odds ratios with 95%


Results: meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials did not show a significant difference in the overall efficacy of the two drugs at the doses specified, but specific efficacy differences were observed based on the infectious species. For tinea capitis caused by Microsporumspp., griseofulvin is superior [p = 0.04], whereas terbinafine is superior for Trichophyton spp. infection [p = 0.04]


Conclusion: our results support species-specific differences in treatment efficacy between griseofulvin and terbinafine and provide a clinical context in which this knowledge may be applied

2.
Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine [The]. 2017; 69 (7): 2852-2855
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-190649

ABSTRACT

Background: Tinea capitis is a superficial fungal infection that predominantly affects the pediatric population. The etiological factors vary from area to area, and the exact occurrence remains obscure. The clinicoepidemiological and mycological aspects of this dermatophytosis were studied in King Abdulaziz Hospital


Purpose: To determine the clinicoepidemiological aspects and mycological findings of dermatophytes involved in tinea capitis cases


Subjects and Methods: KOH examination, Wood's lamp examination, and fungal culture were performed in 50 clinically diagnosed cases of tinea capitis with patients' age up to 13 years over a period of 8 months. The epidemiological factors associated with the disease were also evaluated


Results: Tinea capitis was predominant in the 3-6 and 6-9 years age groups with a male preponderance. Grey patch tinea capitis was the most common variant. KOH positivity was 74%, and Trichophyton tonsurans was the most common fungal isolate


Conclusion: Tinea capitis is a very common fungal infection in our setting. Early detection and diagnosis is mandatory to prevent its spread in the community as well as the development of scarring alopecia in the affected individual

3.
Egyptian Journal of Hospital Medicine [The]. 2017; 69 (6): 2627-2631
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-190673

ABSTRACT

Over the past few decades, vitamin D was proposed to be highly influential on female fertility and reproductive health. Its role was extensively studied and evaluated specifically in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome


Objectives: the aim of this research was to study the correlation between vitamin D and fertility in general, and in polycystic ovarian syndrome-associated infertility in particular


Methods: we searched Cochrane Library and PubMed for articles addressing the impact and role of vitamin D in fertility issues in females with polycystic ovary disease. Specifically-related topics were carefully reviewed and analyzed to summarize their conclusive results


Results and Discussion: Vitamin D was lower in females with PCOS and vitamin D administration had increased its level, improved metabolic disturbance and shortened inter-menstrual intervals in those patients. Patients with high vitamin D levels had a better success rate of invitro fertilization. However, it did not affect the time to pregnancy in PCOS women


Conclusion: Vitamin D is beneficial for improving metabolic as well as reproductive functions in women with PCOS. It is also essential for successful in-vitro fertilization, and it is probably protective against endometriosis. However, results from different studies are contradictory, and still there is no solid evidence that there is a cause-effect relationship between vitamin D and fertility

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