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Background: Pregnancy induced hypertension is one of the major causes of feto maternal morbidity and mortality in pregnancy. The exact cause of PIH is unknown certain factors are known to increase the risk of PIH such as risk factor includes that young women with first pregnancy.Methods: The objective of this study was to assess the socio-demographic and clinico-pathological profile of the patients with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and its associated fetal outcomes. A prospective study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology Shri B. M. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapura Karnataka from 15th July to 15th December 2018. All women admitted to labour ward with diagnosis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were included in the study after ruling out the exclusion criteria and thorough history, examination and laboratory evaluation were done and followed till delivery.Results: A total of 123 pregnant women with hypertensive disorder of pregnancy were enrolled in the study. Most of the participants were in the age group of 20 to 30 years. The PIH was seen mostly in primigravida, lower socioeconomic status and with lower educational levels. Emergency LSCS is the most common mode of delivery.Conclusions: The hypertensive disorder in pregnancy affects the majorly younger age group. It is most commonly seen in low socio-economic and uneducated population. Hence, there should be provided with proper antenatal care, early detection of hypertensive disorders for better feto-maternal outcome.
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Background: Overweight and increased Body MassIndex (BMI) have been among the major changes ingirls and is one of the likely factors affecting themenarche age. Aim and Objectives: To determinecorrelation of age at menarche with BMI in adolescentgirls of urban and rural schools of Vijayapura, NorthKarnataka. Material and Methods:Aprospective crosssectional study was conducted by Department ofObstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri. B. M. Patil MedicalCollege Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemedst thto be University), between 1 July 2019 to 29 February2020.Girls below the age of 19 years who had attainedmenarche were included. Height and weight weremeasured, and BMI was calculated. Statistical analysiswas carried out in SPSS software, version 23.0 andMicrosoft 2010. Correlation between age at menarcheand BMI was assessed in adolescent girls of urban andrural schools of Vijayapura. Results: The mean age atmenarche among adolescent girls of urban and ruralschools was about 13.6 ± 1.2 years. Among allparticipants, 60.2% were from urban area and 39.8%were from rural area. The mean age of the menarchewas 13.8 ± 1.2 in rural population and 13.5 ± 1.3 inurban population (p value <0.001). Among all studyparticipants, 48.3% had normal BMI; however, 29.8%,15.4%, 5.8% and 0.7% were underweight, severeunderweight, overweight, and obese respectively.Majority of girls had normal BMI in both urban (49.2%)and rural settings (47.0%). Conclusion: A statisticallysignificant association (p< 0.05) was noticed betweenonset of menarche and area of residence. There was aninverse correlation between BMI and age at menarche,although this was not statistically significant.
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Background: Anemia is a major public health problem especially in adolescent age group because of its intergenerational impact. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India launched the weekly iron and folic acid supplementation programme for adolescent girls and boys. The objectives of the study were to study the awareness of the weekly iron and folic acid supplementation in preventing anemia in the study subjects; to assess the implementation of the weekly iron and folic acid supplementation in government schools and anganwadi centres.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the 4 government schools and 11 anganwadi centres of the urban field practising area of a tertiary health care centre, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad. All the students who were present at the time of study, the teachers and anganwadi workers, who gave consent were included. The study was carried out for a period of 3 months (August to October, 2018) using a pretested schedule.Results: A total of 313 students, 21 teachers and 10 anganwadi workers had participated in the study. Among school students, only 15% had awareness of anemia. Girls had better knowledge than boys (p<0.05). The benefits of iron folic acid tablets were known to 17% students and 67% teachers. Most commonly side effects were nausea, vomiting and stomach pain. Irregular supply of tablets and poor maintainence of records was seen.Conclusions: The supply and distribution of tablets was found to be not in accordance with the guidelines of the programme.There is need of regular orientation to the teachers and anganwadi workers and nutrition education meetings for behaviour change communication to the parents.
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Background: Tuberculosis is a major public health problem and is among top ten causes of deaths worldwide. People with diabetes are three times at higher risk of getting infected with tuberculosis. Globally 10.4 million TB cases exists of them 10% are linked to diabetes. In India 13% of Tuberculosis cases were diabetic. DM has been reported to modify the clinical features of TB. The objectives were to study the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among adult tuberculosis patients registered in DOTS centre in tertiary health care centre, Hyderabad and to study the clinical profile of tuberculosis in study subjects.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in 4 DOTS centres under tertiary health care facility, Hyderabad. Sample size 200 was calculated using formula 4PQ/L2. Study subjects were registered adult tuberculosis patients attending DOTS centre and undergoing anti tuberculosis treatment. Data from study subjects was obtained by interview method using semi structured questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic parameters and clinical parameters.Results: Out of 200 patients, the prevalence of DM was found to be 18% (n=36). Increasing age (p<0.000), male sex (p=0.04), low BMI (p=0.02), family history of TB (p=0.017), Sputum positive severity (p=0.0008) are significantly associated with DM-TB comorbidity and clinical manifestations like bilateral involvement (p=0.151), multi lobes (p=0.243), other associated lung diseases (p=0.154), treatment category (p=0.8203) are not significantly associated with DM-TB comorbidity.Conclusions: Bidirectional screening of TB and DM will detect early and prevent complications of comorbiditiy.
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Background: According to WHO, responsiveness is an important goal of the health system, in addition to the two predominant goals of improving health and fairness of financing. Responsiveness includes non-medical aspects of health care. As the progress to universal health coverage is gaining pace, the present study has attempted to study the domains of responsiveness in the government and private health services and health care providers.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study for a period of 3 months in the households of the urban field practising area. Sampling technique was simple random sampling. Assuming the prevalence of 50% and allowable error of 5%, 400 households were surveyed. KISH table method was used at household level. Study tool was World Health Survey responsiveness module questionnaire for the eight responsiveness domains-prompt attention, dignity, communication, autonomy, confidentiality, choice, quality of basic facilities and social support (for inpatients).Results: The mean age (yrs) of the study subjects is 46.078±13.998. 68.25% (273) were males.31.75% (127) were females. 46.25% (185) were using government services and 53.75% (215) were using private services. The mean waiting time (min) in the public health facilities was 135.2±111.2 which was more than private facilities, 62.4±40.8.Conclusions: All the responsiveness domains (except confidentiality) were found to be positively associated (p<0.05) with the government health services. Proportion of people rating the responsiveness domains from most important to the least important showed prompt attention (52%) and dignity (30%) as the most important domains.
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Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is still the mainstay as supplement to cell culture media for cell-culture practices. The collection method of FBS is a violent, ethically objectionable and repugnant. Moreover, FBS is cost-prohibitive for biomedical research. Here, we explored easily procurable and less expensive bovine whey protein (BWP) and other putative biological fluids for their growth promoting activity. BWP with minimal amount of FBS effectively supported cell growth in short term (72 h) and long term (21 days) cultures in Chinese hamster ovary and Jurkat E6.1 cells. The combination also protected the cells during cryopreservation and facilitated revival of the cell culture. However, BWP without FBS didn’t support the growth for longer and the cells changed their morphology. Further, BWP was enriched with human platelet lysate and it maintained the cell growth and morphology at a very low concentration.