ABSTRACT
Introduction: The sulci of the human brain are specifically the result of an evolutionary infolding process. Theseare the anatomical structures which border and divide the adjacent gyri. Knowledge of pattern of sulci and theirsulcul and intersulcal length is important for diagnosis of neurological, functional and cognitive disorders.Aim: The aim of the study is to present the significance of morphological and morphometric measurements ofsulci of superolateral surface of frontal lobe and their comparison between right and left cerebral hemispheres.Materials and methods: The study comprised of 50 formalin fixed cerebral hemispheres 25 right and 25 left, ofhuman cadaver of unknown sex which were obtained from the Department of Anatomy, Government MedicalCollege, Amritsar. . All the parameters were taken by using standard digital vernier calliper and calibrated scale.Result and conclusion: All the sulci of superolateral surface of frontal lobe were found to be present in all thespecimens of right and left cerebral hemispheres except AHR which was absent in 4%(2) specimens of the rightside. The mean length of CS and PreCS was found to be more in right hemispheres where as mean depth of bothsulci was more in left hemispheres. Mean length and depth of lateral sulcus was more in left side as comparedto right. Mean length of SFS and IFS was greater in right hemispheres whereas the mean depth of both the sulciwas found to be similar in both sides. Hence the differences in sulcul length and depth indicate that the twocerebral hemispheres differ structurally and it can be speculated that some morphological asymmetries couldbe related to other functional hemispheric specialization
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Out of different cartilages of larynx, cricoid is the strongest cartilage. It is the only cartilage which extends completely around the air passage. It is smaller but stronger and thicker than the thyroid cartilage. Though a lot of work has been done on thyroid cartilage it is not so for cricoid cartilage. This give us a impetus to design this study. Material and method: The material for present study comprised of 30 adult (M:F::25:5) apparently normal cadaveric larynges, obtained from the Anatomy Department of Govt. Medical College, Amritsar. Different morphometric diameters of the cricoid cartilage were measured with help of vernier caliper with least count 0.01mmand thesewere noted on a predesigned proforma. All the data thus obtained was tabulated, analysed, scrutinized and compared with the earlier studies available in the literature. An attempt has been done to provide a base line data for this region. Result and Conclusion: Cricoid cartilage was oval in shape in all the specimens. Outer and inner transverse diameters and outer and inner anteroposterior diameters of cricoid cartilagewere larger in males as compared to females. As we compare both diameters in males and females, outer transverse diameter was found to be larger than outer anteroposterior diameter, while inner anteroposterior diameter was larger than inner transverse diameter. Height and thickness of cricoid arch and lamina were observed to be larger in males as compared to females.