ABSTRACT
Background: anemia in pregnancy is a common problem. Easy diagnosis and treatment enhance focus on anemia cases
Aim and Objectives: to determine the common types and grades of anemia in a hospital lab in Riyadh and to compare types of anemia among age and pregnancy status
Method: cross-sectional study. Study area: a hematology-log in lab
Samples: convenience samples of 120 anemic ladies
Tool: questionnaires. Methods of data collection: CBC results
Results: This study-addressing anemia among women in a lab in Riyadh involves 120 ladies. When they were distributed as pregnant and non-pregnant women, 70% were pregnant. About 70% of the pregnant and 39% of non-pregnant had iron deficiency anemia, this difference statistically significance (P= 0.0013). Normocytic normochromic anemia was falling in 26% and 50% of the pregnant and non-pregnant ladies respectively; this difference was statistically significant (P= 0.0112). About 94.5% of iron deficiency anemias have low MCH. PCV was low in all cases of anemia
Conclusion: Anemia in women of child bearing age are more commonly observed in study. Most common type of anemia among cases was iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency anemia was the most common in pregnant, while normochromic normocytic anemia was the most common in non-pregnant. MCV and MCH were significant characteristics finding in iron deficiency anemia
ABSTRACT
Background: Nowadays, cardiovascular diseases [CVDs] represent an escalating worldwide public health problem. Providing consistent data on the magnitude and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases [CVDs] among young population will help in controlling the risks and avoiding their consequences
Objective: The objective was to estimate the prevalence of risk factors of coronary heart disease [CHD] among medical students during their clinical clerkship [4th-6th years]
Methods: A cross-sectional study was done during the educational year 2016-2017 at Almaarefa Colleges. Ethical standards were follow and a multistage stratified random sample method was used for selection of 214 medical students. Data was collected through an interviewing questionnaire, measurements and laboratory investigations. Both descriptive and analytical statistics were done by SPSS version 21. Coronary heart disease [CHD] risk percent in thirty years was calculated using Framingham algorithm for each student, then the risk among all students was determined
Results: The commonest risk factors of coronary heart disease [CHDs] were daily intake of high fat diet [73.4%], physical inactivity [57.9%], overweight/or obesity [31.2%] and daily consumption of fast food [13.1%]. Hypercholesterolemia [17.2%] and hypertension [9.3%] were also prevalent risk factors. Smoking prevalence was low [2.8%]. Males had significantly higher mean scores for most of coronary heart disease [CHD] risk factors compared to females [p < 0.05]. Systolic Blood Pressure was higher among males [119.47 +/- 11.17] compared to females [112.26 +/- 9.06]. A highly statistical significant difference was present [Students test = 4.74, p < 0.001]. Framingham Risk Score revealed that coronary heart disease [CHD] risk percent in thirty years among all students was 10.7%, 2.3% and 0.5% for mild, moderate and severe risk, respectively
Conclusion: An alarmingly high prevalence of coronary heart disease [CHD] risk factors was prevailed among medical students, especially among males. However, a low prevalence of smoking may indicate the success of "Smoke-free Campus" program. Screening risk factors of coronary heart disease [CHD] among medical students and implementation of intervention programs are recommended. Programs to raise awareness about coronary heart disease [CHD] risk factors, encourage young adult students to adopt a healthy dietary behavior and promote physical exercise should be initiated