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Objective To analyse the analgesic effect and possible mechanism of panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) on mouse models of chronic inflammatory pain caused by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA). Methods A total of 48 male C57BL/ 6J mice were divided randomly into four groups: normal saline control group (Ctrl), CFA group (CFA), CFA + PNS group (CFA+PNS), CFA + dexamethasone (DEX) group (CFA+DEX). Von Frey filaments were used to detect mechanical pain in mice. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the number and morphological changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) positive astrocytes. Western blotting was used to detect the expressions of GFAP, nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain(NOD)-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC), Caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 in mice’s spinal cord segments in each group. Results Compared with the Ctrl group, mice in the CFA group showed a significant decrease in mechanical pain thresholds at day 1, day 3, day 5, day 7, and day 14. Additionally, there was a significant decrease in NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in the spinal cord of the mice. PNS intervention could relieve mechanical pain and down-regulate the expressions of NLRP3, ASC, Caspase-1, IL-1β and IL-18 in the spinal cord of mice, with no significant difference compared with the CFA+DEX group. CFA group mice had significantly more GFAP positive cells in their posterior horns than Ctrl group mice, as measured by immunohistochemistry; PNS intervention decreased the number of GFAP positive cells in the posterior horn of the spinal cord in model mice;DEX had no effect on the number of GFAP positive cells in the dorsal horn of spinal cord. According to Western blotting results, GFAP expression in the spinal cord of the CFA group was significantly more than that of the Ctrl group; PNS intervention significantly reduced GFAP expression in the spinal cord of CFA group mice;DEX had no effect on the expression of GFAP in the posterior horn of spinal cord. Conclusion PNS has a good alleviating effect on inflammatory pain, and its mechanism may be related to inhibition of astrocyte activation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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The overdiagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) caused by nonspecific elevation serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and the overtreatment of indolent PCa have become a global problem that needs to be solved urgently. We aimed to construct a prediction model and provide a risk stratification system to reduce unnecessary biopsies. In this retrospective study, clinical data of 1807 patients from three Chinese hospitals were used. The final model was built using stepwise logistic regression analysis. The apparent performance of the model was assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves, calibration plots, and decision curve analysis. Finally, a risk stratification system of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) was created, and diagnosis-free survival analyses were performed. Following multivariable screening and evaluation of the diagnostic performances, a final diagnostic model comprised of the PSA density and Prostate Imaging-Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score was established. Model validation in the development cohort and two external cohorts showed excellent discrimination and calibration. Finally, we created a risk stratification system using risk thresholds of 0.05 and 0.60 as the cut-off values. The follow-up results indicated that the diagnosis-free survival rate for csPCa at 12 months and 24 months postoperatively was 99.7% and 99.4%, respectively, for patients with a risk threshold below 0.05 after the initial negative prostate biopsy, which was significantly better than patients with higher risk. Our diagnostic model and risk stratification system can achieve a personalized risk calculation of csPCa. It provides a standardized tool for Chinese patients and physicians when considering the necessity of prostate biopsy.
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Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is the most common complication of spinal osteoporosis, mostly occurring in thoracolumbar segment, which can cause acute and chronic pain at the fracture site and loss of vertebral height, and can lead to progressive kyphosis. For kyphosis caused by old OVCF, open surgery such as anterior or posterior decompression and fusion, internal fixation and osteotomy can improve local sequence and achieve satisfactory kyphotic correction which is difficult to complete in percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), and reconstruct the sagittal balance. Due to the older age of OVCF patients, some of them have poor general conditions. In addition, osteoporosis leads to increased vertebral fragility, which increases the risk of surgery and postoperative internal fixation failure. The anterior approach presents some problems including a complex approach and poor mechanical stability. At present, most studies focus on posterior surgery. Due to the limitation of kyphosis correction by decompression and fixation alone, osteotomy is often required to correct kyphosis. In cases of old OVCF with kyphosis, the screw holding capability decreases due to the decrease of bone mineral density. Additionally, once the screw loosens, the orthopedic effect is inevitably affected. To enhance pedicle screws, most studies have utilized bone cement to increase the axial pullout force of the vertebral body and improve screw stability. The selection from different osteotomy methods is a critical determinant in achieving favorable surgical outcomes for patients.
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Objective:To compare safety and efficacy of one-stage laparoscopic common bile duct exploration plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LCBDE+ LC) with endoscopic retrodrade cholangiopancreatography plus laparoscopic cholecystectomy (ERCP+ LC) in elderly patients with concomitant gallbladder and common bile duct (CBD) stones.Methods:This is a two-center retrospective study with clinical data on 492 patients aged over 80 years diagnosed with concomitant gallbladder and CBD stones treated between January, 2014 and December, 2020 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University and Quzhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University. There were 254 males and 238 females, aged (83.9±3.0) years. These patients were divided into two groups based on their operative methods: the one-stage group (LCBDE+ LC, n=186) and the two-stage group (ERCP+ LC, n=306). Differences in surgery, stones and hospitalization costs were compared between the two groups. Results:When compared with the ERCP+ LC group, the LCBDE+ LC group had significantly higher incidences of previous gastrectomy [21.5%(40/186) vs 4.2%(13/306)], multiple stones [77.4%(144/186) vs 49.3%(151/306)], larger stone diameter [13.7(6.4, 18.6)mm vs 10.9(5.7, 16.1) mm], and increased hospitalization expenditure [(2.37±0.31) Wanyuan vs (3.26±0.44) Wanyuan] (all P<0.05). However, the rates of residual stone [2.7%(5/186) vs 1.3%(4/306)], stone recurrence [2.2%(4/186) vs 5.2%(16/306)], postoperatively overall complications [3.2%(6/186) vs 1.3%(4/306)], and total hospital stay [(10.7±6.2) d vs (11.3±5.4) d] were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Allowing for the similar safety and effectiveness, and lower hospitalization expenditure, LCBDE+ LC was a preferred choice for patients aged over 80 year, especially in patients who had previous gastrectomy, multiple large CBD stones, or who could not accept endoscopic procedures for treatment of CBD stones.
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Objective:To explore the prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer patients with multiple recurrences (≥2 times) who underwent three times or more cytoreductive surgeries, and to analyze the factors associated with prognosis.Methods:The clinicopathological data and follow-up data of 23 patients with ovarian cancer admitted to the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University from January 1, 2015 to January 30, 2022 with three times or more cytoreductive surgeries were collected. The degree of surgical resection, site of recurrence and metastasis, postoperative complications, and prognosis were retrospectively analyzed. The univariate Cox proportional hazards model was performed to identify the variables associated with survival.Results:(1) The median age of 23 patients with multiple recurrent ovarian cancer was 48 years old (44-55 years). Among them, 18 cases underwent tertiary cytoreductive surgery (TCS), 2 cases underwent quaternary cytoreductive surgery, 2 cases underwent quinary cytoreductive surgery, and 1 case underwent senary cytoreductive surgery. Among the 23 patients with multiple recurrent ovarian cancer, 21 cases (91%, 21/23) had serous carcinoma, 16 cases (70%, 16/23) had advanced stage (stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ), and 19 cases (83%, 19/23) had high differentiation. (2) Based on the premise that satisfactory cytoreduction was achieved by primary debulking surgery (PDS) and no visible residual disease (R0) was achieved by secondary cytoreductive surgery (SCS), the maximum diameter of the recurrent tumors was up to 10.0 cm and 62% (20/32) of patients with multiple metastatic sites. The R0 rate for three times or more cytoreductive surgeries (32 times in total) reached 88% (28/32), with a postoperative complication rate of 47% (15/32), and only 3% (1/32) for grade Ⅲ or above. During a median follow-up time of 31.1 months (20.6-43.9 months) after TCS, 20 patients (87%, 20/23) recurred after TCS, and 8 patients (35%, 8/23) eventually died of ovarian cancer. Among them, the three-year postoperative survival rate of 22 patients with R0 was 57.6%, and the patient with residual lesions ≥1 cm died at 9.2 months after TCS. (3) In univariate analysis, ages, the time interval between PDS and SCS >32 months, the interval between SCS and TCS >16 months, and no metastatic peritoneal carcinoma were associated with longer progression free survival after TCS (all P<0.05); while treatment-free interval (TFI) >10 months after SCS, the interval between SCS and TCS >16 months, no ascites and platinum-sensitive status were associated with disease-specific survival after TCS (all P<0.05). Conclusions:It is feasible to perform three times or more cytoreductive surgeries in patients with multiple recurrent ovarian cancer who are expected to achieve R0 and have manageable complications. However, the pros and cons of surgery need to be carefully evaluated for the patients whose ascites are massive and whose previous cytoreduction does not achieve R0. A prolonged TFI and previously longer surgical interval might get potential survival benefits.
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Objective:To investigate the protective effect of intermittent fasting on radiation-induced cognitive impairment and the possible underlying mechanism.Methods:A total of 36 male 7-week old c57BL/6J mice were divided into Sham-irradiation and ad libitum (Sham-AL) group, irradiation and ad libitum (IR-AL) group, and irradiation add intermittent fasting (IR-IF) group according to the random number table method, with 12 mice in each group. The cognitive function of mice was assessed by novel object recognition task. The expressions of autophagy gene 5 (ATG5), microtubulesas sociated protein light chain II (LC3II), voltage dependent anion channel protein 1 (VDAC1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), synaptophysin (SYP), synapsin I (SYN-1), and postsynaptic density 95 (PSD95) were tested by Western blot. The location of VDAC1 in mice hippocampus was detected by immunofluorescence.Results:The discrimination index (-22.45 ± 16.76) of IR-AL group was significantly ( t=3.032, P<0.05) lower than that of Sham-AL group (30.02 ± 9.05). Compared to Sham-AL group, IR-AL group had a decreased expressions of autophagy-related proteins (ATG5 and LC3II), mitochondrial marker (VDAC1), inflammatory factors (IL-1β) as well as synapse-associated proteins SYP, SYN-1 and PSD95 ( t=2.49, 2.19, 2.40, 3.47, 2.87, 2.25, 2.17, 2.31, P<0.05). Compared to IR-AL group, IR-IF group had an increased discrimination index (21.22 ± 5.62) and the increased expressions of ATG5, LC3II, VDAC1, IL-1β, SYP, SYN-1, and PSD95 ( t=2.70, 2.88, 2.71, 3.18, 3.18, 3.11, 3.30, 3.35, 2.53, P<0.05). The immunofluorescence assay revealed that VDAC1 was co-expressed with the markers of astrocytes (GFAP) and microglia (IBA-1), but not with neurons (NEUN). Conclusions:Intermittent fasting could greatly improve the cognitive function of irradiated mice possibly by upregulating VDAC1 expression, induce autophagy, and inhibit the release of inflammatory factors and protecting the synapticplasticity in the hippocampus.
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Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) play a similar role of stem cells in promoting healing and regeneration of tissue and organ through paracrine, which avoids the risks of direct transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells such as tumorigenic, ethics, immune rejection, et al. Exosomes derived from MSCs that are able to participate in intercellular communication, maintain homeostasis of microenvironment, promote cell proliferation and migration, repair extracellular matrix, and transmit between different species without causing obvious immune response, exhibiting great potential in healing and regeneration of tissue and organ. The authors review the characteristics, extraction and identification of exosomes derived from MSCs and their application in the repair and regeneration of spinal cord, skin, bone, tendons, nerves and other tissues, hoping to provide a reference for clinical application of exosomes derived from MSCs in tissue and organ repair.
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The reform of public medical institutions is a critical and difficult breakthrough in furthering the healthcare system reform in China, for which the performance appraisal of public hospitals can serve an important role. The performance policy documents of tertiary public hospitals, secondary public hospitals and primary medical and health institutions in China since 2019 were compared and analyzed, to systematically identify the similarities and differences and development rules of the three evaluation index systems. The study analyzed the impacts of the three systems on the management of medical institutions and provided reference suggestions for improving their performance evaluation. It was found that all the three systems aim at guiding tertiary public hospitals to evolve from the pattern centering on scale expansion to that on quality and benefits, guiding secondary ones to improve their capacity of medical services, and guiding primary medical institutions to focus on basic medical and public health services. However, these systems lack indexes on hierarchical diagnosis and treatment for secondary hospitals and application of examination results, while national surveillance indexes on primary ones accounted for only 23.8% of all. It is recommended to dynamically adjust both the performance evaluation index system and the surveillance methods, and to enhance the application of examination results and development of supporting policies as well.
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Objective:To explore the efficacy of apatinib combined with S-1 capsule in the treatment of patients with advanced recurrent and metastatic esophageal cancer.Methods:A total of 140 patients with advanced esophageal cancer were selected as test subjects from January 2017 to January 2019 in Shandong Tai′an Cancer Prophylaction-Therapeutic Hospital. These patients were randomly divided into observation group (72 cases) and control group (68 cases) using random number table method. The patients in the observation group were treated with oral apatinib combined with S-1 chemotherapy, and the patients in the control group was only given S-1 chemotherapy. The short-term and long-term efficacy and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed.Results:The objective remission rates of the observation group was 38.9% (28/72), higher than that in the control group (22.1%, 15/68), with a statistically significant difference ( χ2=4.655, P=0.031). The disease control rate of the observation group was 88.9% (64/72), higher than that in the control group (61.8%, 42/68), and there was a significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=13.993, P<0.001). The median progression-free survival of the observation group and the control group was 5.9 months and 2.7 months respectively, the median overall survival was 14.8 months and 7.9 months respectively, and there were significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=5.477, P=0.026; χ2=6.083, P=0.014). The adverse reactions of the two groups were mild, grade 1-2, mainly including fatigue, leukopenia, hand-foot syndrome, hypertension and proteinuria, with incidences of 59.7% (43/72), 50.0% (36/72), 8.3% (6/72), 12.5% (9/72), 9.7% (7/72) in the observation group, and 51.5% (35/68), 57.4% (39/68), 17.6% (12/68), 4.4% (3/68), 4.4% (3/68) in the control group, there were no significant differences between the two groups ( χ2=0.965, P=0.326; χ2=0.760, P=0.383; χ2=2.708, P=0.100; χ2=2.919, P=0.088; χ2=0.794, P=0.373). Conclusion:Apatinib combined with S-1 is effective, safe and tolerable in the treatment of recurrent and metastatic esophageal cancer.
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T lymphoid malignancy is a group of highly heterogeneous hematological tumors. Disease recurrence and resistance to therapy are the common causes of failed treatment. Traditional therapy is radiotherapy and chemotherapy, although it has achieved great success. However, many patients still failed to survive following the treatment. With the introduction of monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapy and cellular therapy into clinical practice, the outcome of hematologic malignancies has been significantly improved. In particular, chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) showed high efficacy in treating B-cell lymphoma and acute B lymphocytic leukemia and surpassed any previous therapeutic strategies. However, this treatment seldom succeeded in treating T cell malignancies. In this review, the history of CAR-T cells treating T cell malignancies, and the clinical trials, adverse events of previously reported were summarized briefly.
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Humans , Immunotherapy , Immunotherapy, Adoptive , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell , Receptors, Chimeric Antigen , T-LymphocytesABSTRACT
Distal junctional problem (DJP) is one of the severe complications after spinal correction, fixation and fusion. As the number of patients receiving spinal surgery increased recently, the incidence of DJP also increased dramatically. Compared with proximal junctional problem, the incidence of DJP is low. However, the clinical symptoms are severe, and the rate of surgical revision is high in patients with distal junctional problems. DJP include distal junctional kyphosis (DJK) and distal junctional failure(DJF). The definition of DJK is confusing, however, and the most commonly used was that the distal junction Angle at the last follow-up was greater than 10° and increased by 10° compared with that before surgery. There are 6 DJF modes: progressive loss of lumbar lordosis,acute wedging in the disc below the instrumentation, fracture of LIV, osteoporotic fracture below the long rigid fixation, failure of the instrumentation at LIV, spinal stenosis and or segmental instability underneath the instrumentation. Possible risk factors for DJP include weight, age, type of spinal deformity, osteoporosis, choice of LIV, hip disease, deformity location, surgical approach, surgical procedure, fusion segments, fixation devices, LIV at L5, fixed to S1 with no iliac screws, poor restoration of spinal alignment, et al. Currently, there are some controversies in DJP, mainly including the incidence, risk factors whether needs to and how to revise. The review intends to conduct a simple literature review of the current DJP diagnostic criteria, incidence, risk factors, and other research progress, in order to improve the understanding of the distal junction problem.
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Objective:To compare preoperative portal vein embolization (PVE) using tris-acryl gelatin microspheres (TAGM) versus coils.Methods:From March 2016 to June 2018, 21 consecutive patients with a future liver remnant (FLR) ratio of less than 45% before planned major hepatectomy for malignant or benign liver diseases were enrolled from the First Department of Biliary Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital into this study. The patients were divided to receive portal vein embolization (PVE) using TAGM distally and coils proximally (the TC group) and PVE using multiple coils (the CC group). Post-PVE complications, liver function, routine blood tests; FLR hyperplasia, types of liver resection, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results:Eight patients were included in the TC group. There were 4 males and 4 females, with a mean age of (55.3±7.7) years. Of 13 patients included into the CC group, there were 11 males and 2 females, with a mean age of (52.6±11.3) years. There were no significant differences in sex, age, types of hepatic diseases, volume of FLR, ratio of FLR, ratio of standard FLR, types of surgery, operation duration, blood loss, major complications, and liver failure rates between the two groups. All patients in the two groups had successful PVE. The TC group developed effective growth of volume of FLR with one patient who failed to undergo surgery because of tumor progression. In the CC group, four patients failed to undergo liver resection: one patient developed thrombosis of the left branch and main trunk of portal vein; tumor progression occurred in one patient and two patients had insufficient FLR growth. Compared with the CC group, the TC group had a significantly higher volume of FLR hyperplasia [(9.0±2.8) % vs. (5.2±3.8) %, P<0.05], and a faster but insignificant increase in proliferation rate [(11.4±7.1) ml/d vs. (6.9±5.2) ml/d, P>0.05], a greater but insignificant increase in percentage of proliferation [(33.6±20.1) % vs. (20.9±15.1) %, P>0.05]. Conclusions:This study showed that PVE with TAGM plus coils is safe and effective. It induced a better degree of hypertrophy of FLR compared to PVE using multiple coils.
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Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with malignant tumors combined with new coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), and to provide a scientific basis for clinical treatment. Methods SPSS 20.0 was used for data analysis. The t-test was used for quantitative data, and chi-square test/Fisher-exact test was used for qualitative data. Binary logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis, and the correlation coefficient was used for multicollinearity test before regression analysis. Results A total of 61 COVID-19 infected cancer patients were included in this study. Their average age was 62.2±12.12. The most common admission symptoms were fever (54.1%), fatigue (39.3%), and cough (37.7%). The rate of the patients with severe COVID-19 was 54.1%. Having 3 or more complications (OR: 2.07, 95%CI: 3.14-2698.12), fever (OR: 12.22, 95%CI: 1.20-86.70), low percentage of lymphocytes (OR: 15.56, 95%CI: 1.78-136.24) and low serum albumin level (OR: 254.64, 95%CI: 8.56-7576.41) were risk factors for COVID-19 severity. The fatality rate of the subjects was 8.2%, and the average hospital stay was 26.7±19.69 days. Furthermore, the severity of COVID-19 had a statistically significant impact on the average hospital stay (t=-3.48, P<0.01). Conclusion Patients with malignant tumors combined with COVID-19 have a higher severity rate, fatality rate, and average hospital stay than ordinary COVID-19 patients. Underlying diseases, fever, low lymphocyte percentage, and low serum albumin levels are the factors for the increase of the illness severity in patients with malignant tumors combined with COVID-19.
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BACKGROUND@#Significant blood loss is still one of the most frequent complications in spinal surgery, which often necessitates blood transfusion. Massive perioperative blood loss and blood transfusion can create additional risks. Aprotinin, tranexamic acid (TXA), and epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) are antifibrinolytics currently offered as prophylactic agents to reduce surgery-associated blood loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of aprotinin, EACA, and low/high doses of TXA in spinal surgery, and assess the use of which agent is the most optimal intervention using the network meta-analysis (NMA) method.@*METHODS@#Five electronic databases were searched, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, Embase, and Web of Science, from the inception to March 1, 2018. Trials that were randomized and compared results between TXA, EACA, and placebo were identified. The NMA was conducted with software R 3.3.2 and STATA 14.0.@*RESULTS@#Thirty randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies were analyzed. Aprotinin (standardized mean difference [SMD]=-0.65, 95% credibility intervals [CrI;-1.25, -0.06]), low-dose TXA (SMD = -0.58, 95% CrI [-0.92, -0.25]), and high-dose TXA (SMD = -0.70, 95% CrI [-1.04, -0.36]) were more effective than the respective placebos in reducing intraoperative blood loss. Low-dose TXA (SMD = -1.90, 95% CrI [-3.32, -0.48]) and high-dose TXA (SMD = -2.31, 95% CrI [-3.75, -0.87]) had less postoperative blood loss. Low-dose TXA (SMD = -1.07, 95% CrI [-1.82, -0.31]) and high-dose TXA (SMD = -1.07, 95% CrI [-1.82, -0.31]) significantly reduced total blood loss. However, only high-dose TXA (SMD = -2.07, 95% CrI [-3.26, -0.87]) was more effective in reducing the amount of transfusion, and was significantly superior to low-dose TXA in this regard (SMD = -1.67, 95% CrI [-3.20, -0.13]). Furthermore, aprotinin (odds ratio [OR] = 0.16, 95% CrI [0.05, 0.54]), EACA (OR = 0.46, 95% CrI [0.22, 0.97]) and high dose of TXA (OR = 0.34, 95% CrI [0.19, 0.58]) had a significant reduction in transfusion rates. Antifibrinolytics did not show a significantly increased risk of postoperative thrombosis. Results of ranking probabilities indicated that high-dose TXA had the greatest efficacy and a relatively high safety level.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The antifibrinolytic agents are able to reduce perioperative blood loss and transfusion requirement during spine surgery. And the high-dose TXA administration might be used as the optimal treatment to reduce blood loss and transfusion.
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Humans , Aminocaproic Acid , Therapeutic Uses , Antifibrinolytic Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Aprotinin , Therapeutic Uses , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Spine , General Surgery , Tranexamic Acid , Therapeutic UsesABSTRACT
With the aging of the population, the incidence of degenerative lumbar scoliosis has increased year by year. Long-segment orthopedic fixation surgery is an important method for the treatment of severe degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Currently, the evaluation of postoperative results is mainly based on the degree of relief of postoperative clinical symptoms, as well as the improvement of imaging deformity and balance. The studies show that although surgery has high difficulty and risk, most patients can benefit from surgery. Besides, it is reported that long-segment fixation can alleviate the symptoms of pain and improve the quality of life. However, it also decreases the local activity of the lumbar spine, leading to stiffness of lumbar, which may affect the activities of daily living (ADL) partly. Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI) is a scale for evaluating the impact of lumbar spine stiffness on ADL. The scale has certain limitations and needs to be applied to Chinese people on the basis of optimization. In this paper, the researches of lumbar spine function evaluation after degenerative lumbar scoliosis and long segmental orthopedic fixation and the clinical use of LSDI are briefly reviewed.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the efficiency and safety of treating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of acute graft versus host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) by EBV specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (EBV-CTL).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The Clinical characteristics, therapeutic efficacy and safety of 12 patients with EBV infection treated by EBV-CTL infusion after allo-HSCT in Department of Hemahlogy of Aero Space Center Hospital between Jan 2015 and May 2017 were analyzed retrospectioely.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Our of 12 cases received EBV-CTL infusion after transplantation, 9 did not received Rituximab therapy due to the active infection, 4 cases including 3 received Ritaximab progressed into posttransplantation lymphoroliferetive disease (PTLD). The median time of EBV infection was 47 (22-71) days, median time of antivirus therapy before tramplantation was 10 (8-33) days, median time of first CTL infusion was 59(34-86) days after transplatation. The 43 cases-time CTL infusion was performed smoothly, no related harmful evnts occoured, no progression of GVHD was observed. After the first course of infusion, complete remission (CR), Partial remssion (PR) and no remssion (NR) were obtained in 9, 1 and 2 patients respectively, the relapse was observed in 4 patients who then received the socond course of infusion and all reached CR, the patient in PR did not reathed CR finally and died of GVGD at 5 months after transpplantation . Only 1 out of 2 cases of NR obtained CR, another 1 still was in NR, and died of transplantation related infection at 5 months after transplantation. 4 cases of PTLD were all cared.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Preliminary results of this study suggest that EBV-CTL infusion is safe for the EBV infection combined with acute GVHD after all-HSCT. However, a further larger scale clinical studies are needed to prove the efficiency.</p>
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Objective To evaluate the effects of day surgery on average days of stay, and to provide scientific basis for shorter average days of stay. Methods Data of average days of stay from November 2011 to December 2016 were extracted from 6 departments, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University. Segmented regression analysis of interrupted time series was used to analyze the trend of average days of stay of pre-and post-day surgery. Results Thanks to the application of day surgery, average days of stay decreased by 0. 071 days per month, and the monthly decline increased by 0. 049 days (P<0. 001) than before. Average days of stay in the department of stomatology, ear-nose-throat, general surgery and hepatobiliary & enteric surgery research center were the most obvious, and the monthly decline increased by 0. 110 days (P<0. 001), 0. 049 days (P=0. 008) , 0. 075 days (P<0. 001), and 0. 057 days (P=0. 003), respectively than before. Conclusions Day surgery could decrease average days of stay, enhancing the utilization of hospital resources.
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The storage and transportation of raw milk at low temperatures promote the growth of psychrotrophic bacteria and the production of thermo-stable enzymes, which pose great threats to the quality and shelf-life of dairy products. Though many studies have been carried out on the spoilage potential of psychrotrophic bacteria and the thermo-stabilities of the enzymes they produce, further detailed studies are needed to devise an effective strategy to avoid dairy spoilage. The purpose of this study was to explore the spoilage potential of psychrotrophic bacteria from Chinese raw milk samples at both room temperature (28 °C) and refrigerated temperature (7 °C). Species of Yersinia, Pseudomonas, Serratia, and Chryseobacterium showed high proteolytic activity. The highest proteolytic activity was shown by Yersinia intermedia followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens (d). Lipolytic activity was high in isolates of Acinetobacter, and the highest in Acinetobacter guillouiae. Certain isolates showed positive β-galactosidase and phospholipase activity. Strains belonging to the same species sometimes showed markedly different phenotypic characteristics. Proteases and lipases produced by psychrotrophic bacteria retained activity after heat treatment at 70, 80, or 90 °C, and proteases appeared to be more heat-stable than lipases. For these reasons, thermo-stable spoilage enzymes produced by a high number of psychrotrophic bacterial isolates from raw milk are of major concern to the dairy industry. The results of this study provide valuable data about the spoilage potential of bacterial strains in raw milk and the thermal resistance of the enzymes they produce.
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Animals , Bacteria/genetics , Bacterial Proteins/chemistry , Biofilms , Cold Temperature , Dairy Products , Endopeptidases/chemistry , Enzyme Stability , Food Microbiology , Hot Temperature , Lipase/chemistry , Milk/microbiology , Peptide Hydrolases/chemistry , Phospholipases/chemistry , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Raw Foods/microbiology , beta-Galactosidase/chemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To make through introduction of Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in terms of clinical characteristics, diagnostic process and treatment.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical charactaristics, diagnostic and therapeutic process and prognostic follow-up in 4 patients diagnosed of WE following HSCT between January 2016 to January 2017 at Department of Hematology, Chinese Aerospace Center Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four patients included 2 ALL and 2 AML, and 3 males and 1 female, their age ranged from 8 to 20 years old. 4 patients accouted for about 3% of all petients who received HSCT at that time. Typical triad syndrome consisting of ocular motility disorders, ataxia, global confusion was seen in only 1 patient. However, confusion and heterophthongia as onset of this complication were seen in all patients. Cerebral computed tomograph scan was universally unremarkable and useless. Cerebral MRI scan disclosed that typical involvement including thalamus, fourth ventricle, third ventricle, middle cerebral aqueduct was seen in 3, while untypical site including mamillary body was in the remaining 1 patient. All received vitamin B supplement therapy by intramuscular injection at a dose of 100 mg each day. Initial response was observed at 2, unknown, 3, 4 days after treatment and all obtained complete remission within 2 weeks without any event of relapse after median follow-up period of 8 (7-12) months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Any recipient of HSCT with clinical signs or symptoms of central nervous system should receive vitamin B supplementary therapy immediately to decrease risk of mortality of WE even if the diagnosis of WE is uncertain.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective Studies , Thiamine , Wernicke EncephalopathyABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between LUTS and degree,type of prostate histological inflammation in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods From October 2013 to June 2016, 150 patients with BPH(62 -82 years old)were treated with selective TURP.After operation,the pathology examina-tion was practised.According to the international prostatitis histological classification standard,the patients were divid-ed into group A(without inflammation,18 cases),group B(inflammation around gland,45 cases),group C(gland inflammation,33 cases)and group D(mixed inflammation group,54 cases).There were no statistically significant differences among the 4 groups in age,course of disease,number of urinary retention and prostate volume(all P >0.05).The IPSS score before and 2 months after operation and the correlation between the IPSS and degree,type of histological inflammation were observed.Results In group A and C,the preoperative IPSS score and IPSS score at 2 months after surgery were (17.20 ±11.14)points,(8.45 ±5.14)points and (18.05 ±13.11)points,(9.85 ± 5.25)points respectively,there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups(t =0.485,1.294, all P >0.05).There were no statistically significant differences between group B[(22.55 ±11.85)points,(13.24 ± 6.46)points]and group D[(21.45 ±10.35)points,(12.36 ±6.04)points](t =0.824,1.436,all P >0.05).The group B had statistically significant differences compared with group A and group C (t =2.689,5.016,3.642,4.382, all P 0.05 ).Conclusion There is a close correlation between LUTS and inflammation around gland in patients with BPH,and the LUTS can aggravate with the increased inflammation around gland and do not relate with the gland inflammation.