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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 65(6): 1673-1680, Dec. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-696847

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os efeitos do extrato de levedura (EPL) em dietas úmidas sobre a microbiota fecal, a produção de gás e a morfologia intestinal de gatos adultos. Foram utilizados 20 gatos adultos, de ambos os sexos, distribuídos ao acaso em quatro tratamentos: 1) dieta comercial úmida (controle); 2) controle + 0,2% de extrato de levedura em matéria seca; 3) controle + 0,4%; e 4) controle + 0,6%. Foram realizadas a microbiologia fecal, a avaliação da morfologia intestinal por meio de exames radiográficos, ultrassonográficos e de colonoscopia, bem como a biópsia para histologia intestinal. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (p>0,05) para contagem de bactérias do ácido lático e de clostrídio sulfito redutor, área de gás em alças intestinais (avaliação radiográfica), espessura da parede do cólon (ultrassonografia intestinal) e contagem de colonócitos/células caliciformes (histologia). Por meio da colonoscopia, notaram-se alterações em características de mucosa em animais submetidos ao tratamento 4. Conclui-se que a adição de até 0,6% de EPL não teve efeito sobre os parâmetros avaliados, mas novos estudos são necessários para compreender os mecanismos de ação e os efeitos desse aditivo para gatos domésticos.


The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of yeast extract (EPL) in the moist diet on the fecal microbiotal, gas production and intestinal morphology of adult cats. Twenty adult cats from both sexes were randomly assigned to four treatments: 1) moist commercial diet (control); 2) control + 0,2% yeast extract dry matter; 3) control + 0,4%; and 4) control + 0,6%. Fecal microbiology and intestinal morphology were performed by radiographic, ultrasound, colonoscopy and intestinal biopsy exams for histology. There were no significant differences (P>0,05) for lactic acid bacteria counts and clostridium-reductor, gas area in the bowel (radiographic), wall thickness of the colon (ultrasound) and colonocytes count/globet cells (histology). Through colonoscopy, changes in characteristics of the intestinal mucosa in animals receiving treatment 4 were noticed. It is concluded that the addition of up to 0.6% EPL had no effect on the parameters evaluated, but further studies are needed to understand the action mechanisms and additive effects for domestic cats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Gas Exhaust , Intestines/anatomy & histology , Microbiota , Cats , Diet
2.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 65(1): 171-180, fev. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-667553

ABSTRACT

A proposta com este trabalho foi avaliar a hemiarcada superior direita de gatos domésticos por meio de técnicas radiográficas odontológicas do paralelismo, empregando-se filmes intraorais aos posicionadores de Han Shin. As imagens obtidas por essa metodologia foram correlacionadas com as técnicas radiográficas convencionais (extraorais), com o intuito de se estabelecerem vantagens ou desvantagens para detectar possíveis afecções dentais e periodontais. Foram utilizados 30 gatos, sem raça definida, 17 machos e 13 fêmeas, faixa etária entre um e três anos, confinados em gatis do Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal de Lavras/MG. Com os animais sob anestesia geral, foram realizadas radiografias da hemiarcada superior direita, incluindo três incisivos, um canino, três pré-molares e um molar em radiografias intraorais e extraorais. As imagens radiográficas foram analisadas e efetuaram-se comparações qualitativas entre pares intraorais e convencionais dos mesmos animais. Para se estabelecer a técnica radiográfica dental mais bem adaptada, foram realizadas análises estatísticas pelo teste de McNemar (qui-quadrado modificado). A técnica intraoral mostrou ser superior à extraoral (P<0,05), para achados referentes a espaço periodontal aumentado, canal radicular amplo e arredondamento de ápice, e também para a avaliação mais bem detalhada de dentes caninos, pré-molares e molares em gatos.


The aim of this research was to evaluate the right maxilla hemiarcade of cats through parallel dental radiographic techniques, applying Han Shin intraoral film positioner. Images obtained with this method were correlated with conventional radiographic techniques (extraoral). The goal was to establish the advantages and disadvantages to detect possible dental and periodontal diseases. Thirty mixed breed cats were evaluated, 17 males and 13 females, ages one to three years old, confined in catteries in the Department of Zootecnia of the Federal University of Lavras/MG. Radiographies of the right maxilla were taken with the animals under general anesthesia, and three incisors, one canine, three premolars and one molar teeth were included in the intraoral and extraoral images. The radiographic images were analyzed and a qualitative comparison of pairs of intraoral and conventional images from the same animals was achieved. To establish the dental image procedures that were better adapted for cats, the McNemar Test (Modified Qui-Square) was used for statistical analysis. The intraoral technique was superior than the extra oral (P<0,05), for findings relating to increased periodontal space, broad root canal and rounded apex, and also for a more detailed evaluation of canine, premolar and molar teeth in cats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Cats/anatomy & histology , Dentistry/veterinary , Radiography , Radiography/veterinary
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 63(6): 1599-1604, dez. 2011. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-608991

ABSTRACT

Radiography (conventional and contrasted - canalography) and audioelectrophysiologic (impedance audiometry) tests were correlated with otitis media in 12 middle ear affected and 12 healthy dogs. When comparing both diagnostic methods, it was found that the reliability in the detection of otitis media in dogs was 100 percent for the first and 58.3-60.0 percent for the latter. Thus, it was possible to attest that the impedance audiometry was the most accurate method in the identification of otitis media in dogs when compared with radiographic assessments.

4.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 63(5): 1099-1103, out. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-605834

ABSTRACT

Foram avaliadas as técnicas radiográficas dentárias intra (TIB) e extrabucal (TEB) em 50 cães com doença periodontal, no intuito de padronizar os procedimentos de diagnóstico dessa síndrome. A TIB revelou que 16 animais não apresentaram lesões ósseas visíveis, enquanto a TEB apontou que 39 pacientes foram negativos para as mesmas lesões. Em resumo, a TIB foi mais eficaz na detecção de sinais radiográficos, especialmente as chamadas lesões finas, que a TEB, sendo a técnica de escolha na síndrome periodontal.


The intra (IOT) and extraoral (EOT) dental radiographic techniques in 50 dogs with periodontal disease were compared to standardize the most appropriate procedure for accurate diagnosis of abnormalities that occur in this syndrome. For IOT, 16 animals showed no visible radiographic lesions, whereas in EOT, 39 patients were negative for the same radiographic lesions. For incisor and canine teeth, IOT presented the highest sensitivity of lesion detection, while there was no significant difference for the premolar and molar teeth group. It is concluded that IOT is more effective in detecting radiographic signs (especially the so-called thin lesions) than the EOT and should therefore be the technique of choice in the periodontal syndrome.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Dogs/physiology , Periodontal Diseases/diagnosis , Periodontal Diseases/veterinary , Radiography, Dental/methods , Radiography, Dental/veterinary , Dentistry/veterinary , Periodontics/methods
5.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 62(5): 1109-1116, out. 2010. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570469

ABSTRACT

Avaliaram-se os efeitos da suplementação de dois tipos de probióticos para cães filhotes da raça Beagle, que receberam dois tipos de dieta de alta e baixa qualidade, sobre os achados em exames de diagnóstico por imagem. Foram utilizados 18 cães filhotes da raça Beagle, distribuídos em três tratamentos inteiramente ao acaso: tratamento 1, controle (ração); tratamento 2, ração com probiótico 1 (Bifidobacterium); e tratamento 3, ração com probiótico 2 (Lactobacillus). O experimento foi dividido em duas fases, cada uma caracterizada pela mudança da dieta de qualidades diferentes. Ao exame ultrassonográfico, foi avaliada a espessura da parede gastrintestinal, e ao radiográfico, a presença de gás em alças intestinais e o espessamento da parede. Observou-se aumento da espessura da parede das alças intestinais (P<0,05), nos animais dos grupos tratados com probiótico 1 e 2 (5,74mm e 6,01mm, respectivamente) em relação aos do grupo-controle (5,03mm). O uso de probióticos não influenciou a produção de gás intestinal. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) entre os tratamentos quanto ao escore de gás intestinal. A avaliação quantitativa permitiu a determinação de um escore de gás intestinal, de forma não invasiva, por meio do software Image J®. Concluiu-se que o diagnóstico por imagem sustenta a recomendação dessa metodologia como ferramenta auxiliar na avaliação nutricional de dietas para cães.


The effects of supplementation with types of probiotics for beagle puppies that received high and low quality diets on the findings of imaging techniques were evaluaded. Eighteen animals were distributed in three randomized treatments: 1, control (diet), 2, diet with a probiotic (Bifidobacterium), and 3, diet with another probiotic (Lactobacillus). The experiment was divided into two phases each characterized by a change of diet. By ultrasonography, the thickness of the gastrointestinal wall was evaluated as well the presence of gas in the bowel and thickening of the wall by radiography. There was an increase in the thickness of the intestinal wall (P <0.05) in animals treated with probiotic, groups 1 and 2, ((5,74mm and 6,01mm, respectively) compared to the control group (5,03mm). The use of probiotics did not influence the production of intestinal gas. No significant differences (P>0.05) were observed among treatments for scores of intestinal gas. The quantitative analysis allowed the determination of a score of intestinal gas, noninvasively, using the software Image J ®. It was concluded that the imaging technique supports the recommendation of this method as an auxiliary tool in nutritional assessment of diets for dogs.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Diagnostic Imaging/veterinary , Intestines , Intestines , Nutrition Assessment , Animal Feed , Dietary Supplements , Dogs , Probiotics
6.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 61(3): 585-589, jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-519450

ABSTRACT

Relata-se a avaliação ultrassonográfica, com auxílio do Doppler em cores, da anomalia vascular portossistêmica em um cão da raça Poodle Toy, que apresentou edema pulmonar e alterações gastrintestinais. Ao exame ultrassonográfico, foram observados vasos portais dilatados e tortuosos. Esses resultados associados aos achados clínicos e laboratoriais permitem identificar a anomalia vascular portossistêmica no paciente.


It was reported the ultrasonographic evaluation, assisted to Doppler color, of the portosystemic vascular anomaly in a Poodle Toy dog. The dog was referred with lung edema and gastrointestinal alterations. At ultrasonographic exam, portal vessels were extended and tortuous. These findings associated to clinical and laboratorial findings, allowed to identify the vascular portosystemic anomaly in the patient.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Dogs , Portal Vein , Ultrasonography, Doppler , Vascular Diseases
7.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 61(3): 755-757, jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-519473

ABSTRACT

Congenital, hereditary, and developmental diseases are common in small animals radiology. Chondrodystrophy is characterized to osteoarticular angular deformities. The aim of this study is to relate a case of feline chondrodystrophy, alteration uncommon in this species. The animal presented bone alterations in limbs, without healthy commitment at clinical examination. At radiographic evaluation, bone angulation was altered in long bones with articulation enlargement. It was concluded that, even uncommon in felines, chondrodystrophy may be an incidental radiographic finding, but with importance to epidemiologic aspect of this disease.


Subject(s)
Animals , Cats , Osteochondrodysplasias/classification , Osteochondrodysplasias , Osteochondrodysplasias/veterinary
8.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 60(6): 1426-1431, dez. 2008. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-506553

ABSTRACT

Avaliou-se o efeito de dois fosfatos, tripolifosfato de sódio (TPF) e hexametafosfato de sódio (HMF), incorporados à ração seca sob diferentes formas, como cobertura do grânulo da ração e no interior da massa da ração, na prevenção do desenvolvimento de cálculo dentário em 25 cães. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Os tratamentos experimentais foram: 1) ração seca; 2) ração seca com TPF incorporado na cobertura do grânulo da ração; 3) ração seca com TPF incorporado na massa da ração; 4) ração seca com HMF incorporado na cobertura do grânulo da ração; 5) ração seca com HMF incorporado na massa da ração. Os animais receberam as dietas por um período experimental de 90 dias e, após esse período, foram submetidos à avaliação da área de cálculo dentário formado. A inclusão do HMF na ração seca, tanto na cobertura dos grânulos como no interior da massa, e do TPF, como cobertura dos grânulos, reduziu o acúmulo de cálculo dentário em cães, comparada à dieta sem adição de fosfatos. O HMF foi o fosfato mais eficiente, ao reduzir o acúmulo de cálculo dentário em até 47 por cento. As formas de inclusão do HMF na ração não influenciaram o acúmulo de cálculo dentário. Houve redução do desenvolvimento de cálculo dentário pela incorporação do TPF como cobertura do grânulo da ração, comparada à inclusão deste fosfato no interior da massa da ração. Conclui-se que os fosfatos incorporados na ração seca reduzem o acúmulo de cálculo dentário em cães.


The effect of dry food treated with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) or sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP), as kibble coated or added into the interior of the kibble on the accumulation of dental calculus in 25 dogs was evaluated. The study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and five repetitions. The experimental treatments were: 1) dry food; 2) dry food coated with TPP; 3) dry food with TPP incorporated into the interior of the kibble; 4) dry food coated with HMP; 5) dry food with HMP incorporated into the interior of the kibble. The animals received the diets for a 90-day experimental period, and then, the teeth were clinically examined for the presence of calculus. The inclusion of HMP in the dry food, as kibble coated or added into the interior of the kibble, and the inclusion of TPP as kibble coated reduced the accumulation of dental calculus compared to the control group without anti-calculus agents. HMP was the most efficient phosphate, reducing the accumulation of dental calculus in 47 percent. The forms of HMP inclusion in the dry food exerted no significant effect upon calculus formation. However, there was a reduction of calculus accumulation when TPF was incorporated as coating of the kibble, compared to the inclusion of this phosphate into the interior of the kibble. It was concluded that phosphates incorporated in the dry food reduce the accumulation of dental calculus in dogs.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Animal Feed , Dental Calculus/prevention & control , Dental Calculus/veterinary , Dogs , Phosphates/administration & dosage , Phosphates/metabolism , Phosphates/therapeutic use
9.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 60(4): 832-836, ago. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-489824

ABSTRACT

Uma cadela da raça Yorkshire Terrier apresentou hematêmese, distensão abdominal, poliúria e polidipsia. Após o exame clínico do paciente, estabeleceu-se a suspeita clínica de nefropatia. Os resultados dos exames laboratoriais revelaram anemia normocítica normocrômica e concentrações séricas de uréia (306mg/dl) e de creatinina (3,6mg/dl) acima dos valores de referência. Ao ultra-som bidimensional observaram-se áreas císticas hipoecóicas e anecóicas, padrão renal hipercogênico e perda da relação corticomedular. À necropsia, a região medular apresentou grande quantidade de cistos pequenos em meio a tecido conjuntivo fibroso. A lesão tubulointersticial cortical foi a responsável pela insuficiência renal resultante. Firmou-se diagnóstico de nefrite tubulointersticial.


A Yorkshire Terrier bitch presented hematemesis, abdominal distention, poliuria, and polidipsia. After clinical examination, it was established a clinical suspect of nephropathy. The complementary exams showed normochromic and normocytic anemia and serum concentrations of ureia (306mg/dl) and creatinine (3.6mg/dl) above the references values. At two-dimensional ultrasound hipoechoic and anechoic cystic areas were observed, as well as hiperechogenic renal pattern and corticomedullary ratio loss. At necropsy, the medullary region presented many small cysts in a fibrous connective tissue. Cortical tubulointesticial lesion was responsible to the resulting renal failure. It was established a tubulointersticial nephritis diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Dogs , Kidney Diseases, Cystic/veterinary , Urinary Bladder Diseases/veterinary , Nephritis/veterinary
10.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 59(5): 1177-1183, out. 2007. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-471199

ABSTRACT

Avaliou-se a utilização de coadjuvantes na diminuição da placa bacteriana e formação do cálculo dentário em 16 cães. O delineamento experimental foi casualizado com quatro tratamentos (T) e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T1- controle, T2- coadjuvante com ação mecânica, T3- coadjuvante com tripolifosfato de sódio e T4- coadjuvante com hexametafosfato de sódio. Após sete dias de adaptação, no dia anterior ao início dos tratamentos, os animais foram submetidos à remoção de cálculo dentário. O experimento teve duração de 21 dias e ao final realizaram-se as medições das placas bacterianas formadas com o uso de marcadores (fucsina). O coadjuvante somente com ação mecânica não foi efetivo em retardar o aparecimento da placa bacteriana. Os coadjuvantes com polifosfatos apresentaram uma ação efetiva e significativa na diminuição da formação do calculo dentário


The use of coadjutants in the decrease of the bacterial plate and formation of the dental calculus was evaluated in 16 dogs. The experimental design was randomized with four treatments (T) and four repetitions. The treatments were the following: 1- control; 2- coadjutant 1 (one) with mechanical action; 3- coadjutant 2 (two) with tripolyphosphate of sodium and 4- coadjutant 3 (three) with hexametaphosphate of sodium. After seven days of adaptation, on the day previous to the beginning of the treatments, the animals were submitted to the removal of dental calculus and after twenty-one days of treatment a measurement of the bacterial plaque formed through the use of markers (fucsin). The coadjutant only with mechanical action was not effective in delaying the appearance of the bacterial plaque. The coadjutant containing polyphosphates presented an effective and significant action decreasing the formation of the dental calculus


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Female , Dogs , Dental Calculus/prevention & control , Dental Calculus/veterinary , Dogs , Food Technology Coadjuvants , Oral Hygiene/methods , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Dental Plaque/veterinary , Polyphosphates/administration & dosage , Animal Feed/toxicity
11.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 59(5): 1333-1337, out. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-471223

ABSTRACT

Gestational period in a bitch, after natural mating with a normal dog, was evaluated by two-dimensional conventional, high-resolution two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonography. High-resolution two-dimensional ultrasonography show better image and provides early diagnosis of pregnancy (15 days) in comparison to conventional one (20 days). Three-dimensional ultrasonography was use to evaluate fetal morphology during late gestation period, however its application is still limited


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs/embryology , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/veterinary , Pregnancy, Animal/physiology , Ultrasonography, Prenatal
12.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 59(1): 155-159, fev. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-456430

ABSTRACT

Uma seriema (Cariama cristata) adulta foi atendida com histórico de traumatismo por tentativa de captura. A ave apresentava dificuldade de apoio do membro pélvico direito, dor à manipulação e fratura exposta do osso tarsometatarso. Optou-se pelo tratamento cirúrgico com redução fechada, utilizando-se fixador esquelético externo tipo II, com barra de conexão acrílica. A técnica cirúrgica utilizada foi satisfatória para o tratamento da fratura, possibilitando reparação óssea e retorno funcional do membro 60 dias após a cirurgia.


An adult red-legged seriema (Cariama cristata) was referred for examination with history of trauma by capture. The physical examination revealed lameness in the right pelvic limb, sensibility to touch and open fracture of tarsumetatarsus. The treatment was done with surgical closed reduction using a external skeletal fixator type II with acrylic connecting bar. The surgical technique applied was satisfactory for the treatment of the fracture of tarsumetatarsus, since there was bone healing and functional return of the limb at 60 days after surgery.


Subject(s)
Animals , Birds , Bandages , External Fixators , Metatarsal Bones/surgery , Metatarsal Bones/injuries
13.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 57(3): 405-408, jun. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-415162

ABSTRACT

The occurrence of canine externa otitis in Fortaleza-Ceará is reported. About 91.5 percent of the animals with clinical signs were positive to bacterial culture. Among all infections, 49.5 percent were mixed infections and the most common pathogens were Staphylococcus spp coagulase negative or positive and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most effective antimicrobials for Staphylococcus coagulase negative were: the quinolones, the aminoglicoside netilmycin and the beta-lactams, excepted ampicillin, penicillin and oxacilin; for Staphylococcus coagulase positive were: cefotoxin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, imipenem, netilmycin and cephatoxin; for Pseudomonas aeruginosa were: ciprofloxacin, tobramycin and imipenem.


Subject(s)
Animals , Bacillus/isolation & purification , Dogs , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Malassezia/isolation & purification , Otitis Externa/microbiology , Staphylococcus/isolation & purification
14.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 55(1): 102-104, Feb. 2003.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-332813

ABSTRACT

The occurrence of Malassezia pachydermatis in the ears of dogs with otitis externa, comparing both direct exam and growth on culture method was evaluated. Auditory cerumen/exsudate specimens of 50 dogs with otitis externa were analized for M.pachydermatis. Stained by Giemsa, were prepared and microscopically analysed for budding yeasts. Each sample was cultured on modified Sabouraud glucose agar incubated at 28ºC (82.4 F) for detection of M. pachydermatis. The frequency of M. pachydermatis from auditory meatus of otitic dogs was 79 percent (direct microscopy) and 88 percent (growth on modified Sabouraud glucose agar), and no difference between the results provided by both methods used in the fungus detection was observed


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Dogs , Malassezia , Otitis Externa
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