ABSTRACT
The health system of the City of Buenos Aires during the XIX century, related to the diseases of sexual transmission, is presented. The "General Hospital for Acute Diseases Dr. Juan A. Fernandez" of universitary character with a well gained prestige in his influencial zone, accumulates the highest technology in this programmatic area, and is today related with the great epidemic disease of sexual transmission from the XXth. Century: AIDS. Not always is well known the fact that, more than a century ago, this Institution was created to confront also to an epidemic of sexual transmission: syphilis. Is then purpose of this revision to introduce to the reader in the behavioral situation at the time of its foundation, the sanitary problems that conducted to its creation and the history of his former years, all of that related to the evolution of the sexually transmitted diseases at the endings of the XIX century.
Subject(s)
Humans , Syphilis/epidemiology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/history , Delivery of Health Care/history , History, 20th Century , Epidemics/history , Environmental Salubrity , Hospitals/historyABSTRACT
Las pandemias de influenza son eventos impredecibles pero recurrentes, que suponen consecuencias gravosas para las sociedades en todo el mundo. Desde el siglo XV y XVI, con el famoso sudor anglicus, se han descrito pandemias de influenza con intervalos más o menos regulares, entre 10 y 50 años, cuya gravedad y repercusiones han sido variables destacándose en el siglo XX la "gripe española" de 1918/1919, probablemente una de las mayores y más mortíferas pandemias de la historia humana, la influenza asiática entre 1957/1958 y la de Hong Kong entre 1968/1969. En 2003 surgió preocupación mundial ante una posible pandemia de influenza aviar (H5N1) que era sindicada como la gran favorita para un próximo evento de este tipo; no obstante nunca llegó a sortear la imposibilidd de propagarse de humano a humano. En abril de 2009, la OMS (WHO) comenzó a recibir reportes de personas con un nuevo tipo de virus de influenza A (H1N1) en México y EE.UU. La rápida diseminación internacional ulterior llevó a la propia OMS a declarar el 11 de junio de 2009 la primera pandemia de influenza en 41 años. En Argentina y luego del llamado inicial de alerta de Ministerio de Salud de la Nación, el Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires inició procesos destinados al reporte, detección y vigilancia epidemiológica de los casos locales. A principios del mes de mayo se difundieron las noticias de los primeros casos de Gripe A confirmados en el país y el 30 de junio se decretó la emergencia sanitaria en la ciudad profundizándose un proceso de análisis sobre las medidas a tomar. Las acciones específicas tomadas por el GCBA y su MSAL pueden agruparse en acciones sobre el sistema de salud y sus efectores y acciones de estrategia comunicacional. Se concluye de este episodio pandémico que la Gripe A desplazó a la gripe estacional siendo la circulación viral en adultos mayormente virus A H1N1...
Influenza pandemics are unpredictable but recurrent events, involving serious consequences for societies worldwide. From the fifteenth and sixteenth century, with the famous anglicus sweat, there have been described pandemics of influenza within more or less regular intervals, between 10 and 50 years, whose severity and impact has been variale, emphasizing in the twentieth century the "Spanish flu" of 1918/1919, probably one of the largest and most dedly pandemics in human history, between 1957/1958 the Asian flu and the Hong Kong flu from 1968 to 1969. In 2003, concern arose about a possible global pandemic of avian influenza (H5N1), which was syndicated as the most probable cause for an upcoming event of this king, yet it never get around the inability to spread from human to human. In April 2009, WHO began to receive reports of Mexico and the U.S. The rapid internatinal spread further les WHO to declare on June 11 th 2009 the first influenza pandemic in 41 years. In Argentina and after the initial warning call of the Ministry of Health of the Nation, the Government of the City of Buenos Aires initiated processes for the reporting, detection and epidemilogical surveillance of local cases. In early May, the news spread of the first confirmed cases of influenza A in the country and on June 30 was declared a health emergency in the city getting stronger a process of discussion of measures to take. The specific actions taken by the GCBA and The Ministry of Health can be grouped into action on the health system and its effectors, and communications strategies and activities. We conclude from this episode of pandemic Influenza that the A virus H1N1 has replace the seasonal flu virus, because influenza virus circulation among adults was mostly H1N1 virus, that in spite of the fact of being getting trough a pandemic episode, the overall death rate was lower of that of the seasonal flu...
Subject(s)
Humans , Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control , Influenza, Human/epidemiology , Influenza, Human/prevention & control , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Communicable Disease Control/statistics & numerical data , Communicable Disease Control/policies , Communicable Disease Control/prevention & control , Epidemiological Monitoring/organization & administrationABSTRACT
Se presentan las bases operativas del cambio de modelo de atención en salud mental, incluyendo su base de sustentación en la Ley 448, en los documentos nacionales e internacionales en la materia, los cambios programados en infraestructura, equipamiento, recursos humanos y gestión del ingreso a la red de complejidad ascendente.
The aim of this report was to present the supports for the reformulation of the model for the mental health care at the city of Buenos Aires, with conceptual guidelines and the operative instrumentation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Mental Health Assistance , Quality of Health Care/organization & administration , Right to Health/legislation & jurisprudence , Organizational InnovationABSTRACT
Evaluation of results in sanitary programs: conceptual mark and operative instrumentable, applied in the concern of the Ministery of Health from the city of Buenos Aires.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diagnosis of Health Situation , Epidemiologic Research Design , Program Evaluation/statistics & numerical data , Health Care Rationing , Health Research EvaluationABSTRACT
This report describes the epidemiology and pharmaceutical drugs: essentials and generics.
Subject(s)
Humans , Epidemiology , Drugs, Essential/economics , Drugs, Essential/supply & distribution , Drugs, Generic/supply & distribution , Primary Health Care , Drug Evaluation/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
The objective of this investigation was to determine a georeferential epidemiological analysis of the infant mortality rate in the city of Buenos Aires during a 12 year period (1990-2002). Several facts are evident from this review of the causes of that infant mortality. The overall mortality rate of infants in this city was 9.1 per 1,000, for the 12-years period between 1990 and 2002
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Epidemiology , Infant Mortality , Nutrition Programs and Policies , Policy Making , Health Policy , Public Health/economics , Public Health/education , Public Health/methodsABSTRACT
This article describes the concepts of ethics and public health, with special reference to conceptual designs and operative tools
Subject(s)
Humans , Public Administration/standards , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care , Public Assistance , Public Health Administration , Public Health Practice , Public Information , Public Health/education , Public Health/ethics , Public Health/methodsABSTRACT
La identificación de problemas de salud en la comunidad y la implementación y monitoreo de estrategias de intervención suelen chocar con la dificultad de presentar datos claro, fiables y sobre todo facilmente aprenhensibles por los tomadores politicos de desiciones y es en este sentido que los sistemas de información geogrßfica pueden ser de utilidad. La tecnología de la georreferencia ya es aceptada como una herramienta esencial para el uso efectivo de la información. Teniendo en cuenta ademas que en cualquier entidad que medie y/o provea servicios de salud la información relativa al uso (y costo) de los mismos, asi como las caracteristicas de los usuarios deberia articularse con la incorporación y desarrollo organizacional de sistemas de información, empleando el raciocinio epidemiológico a la administración de la salud...