Influence of age and arterial blood pressure on the anti-hypertensive action of dihydro-pyridine compounds in hypertensive patients

To study the antihypertensive effect of dihydropyridines and correlated with the patient's age, the degree of hypertension and mean arterial pressure, in three groups of eight hypertensive patients with mild, moderate and severe hypertension selected from the Clinical Pharmacology Unit of Vargas Hospital in Caracas. Mean age, weight and height of the selected patients were 55.66 ¤ 3.4, years 67 ¤ 3.05 Kg and 1.63 ¤ 0.01 m, respectively. Three acute experimental designs compared with placebo were followed and each group of patients received amlodipine, nitrendipine or isradipine at different times, in single doses of 10,20 and 5 mg, respectively. The cardiovacular parameters evaluated were: mean arterial pressure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and cardiac frequency at regular intervals during 48,6 and 24 hours for amlodipine, nitrendipine and isradipine, respectively. Acute administration of amlodipine (10 mg) to hypertensive patients, significantly reduced blood pressure form 185 ¤ 11.21/100 ¤ 7.07 to 150.5 ¤ 10.6/88.6 ¤ 7.8 mmHg at 8 hours and to 162 ¤ 10.9/91 ¤ 5.6 mmHg at 48 hour. Cardiac frequency also increased significantly at 8 and 48 hours in 10 and 9 beats/min, respectively. There was a positive correlation between patient's age and mean arterial pressure decrease and also between pretreatment and decreased arterial pressure. Two hours after acute administration of isradipine (5 mg) to hypertensive patients, blood pressure decreased significantly from 179.50 ¤ 7.6/100.26 ¤ 3.28 mmHg to 143.75 ¤ 4.7/82 ¤ 5.18 mmHg. Cardiac frequency increased in 5 beats/min at the same time of measure. There was a positive correlation between patient's age and arterial pressure decrease and slight but not significant correlation between pretreatment and mean arterial blood pressure decrease. Acute dose of nitrendipine (20 mg) to hypertensive patients induced significant fall of arterial blood pressure from 172.25 ¤ 7.8/107.13 ¤ 3,58 to 134.5 ¤ 5.08/81 ¤ 5.84 mmHg two hours after the administration of the drug, and the cardiac frequency increased significantly in 11 beats/min during this time. There was no significant correlation between patient's age and the mean arteral pressure fall, neither between pretreatment and the decrease of arterial blood pressure

Semipersonalized psychological evaluation of quality of life of hypertensive patients in a trial with two calcium antagonists: a multicenter Latinamerican study (Lastlhy)

The main objective of this study was to evaluate well being and physical activity of two hundred and forty eight hypertensive patients, of which, one hundred and seventy seven were female, who had previously finished the Latin American Study on Lacidipine in Hypertension (LASTLHY). This was an open study carried out in twelve clinical centers situated in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela, to compare, over a period of sixteen weeks, the antihypertensive actions of fixed-dose once daily oral monopharmacotherapy of 4 rng of lacidipine (n=120) patients VS. 30 mg of nifedipine (n=128) patients aged between 40-65 years old, with mild to moderate hypertension beginning at the end of a four weeks placebo run-in (end of week-1). Well being and physical activity were assessed through an experimental single questionnaire, which was administered taking into consideration the physical and cultural diversities amongst the clinical centers and patients. The questionnaire included thirteen multiple-choice and eight contingent open questions. The score to each question was multiplied by a coefficient according to the importance of each question for each patient (semipersonal ization); the coefficient was evaluated from cultural and socioeconomic information collected at the time of enrollment. The semipersonalization was carried out by a blind psychological study with respect to the medication and had a high repeatability in the assignment of personalized coefficients to the score of each question. The scores of each question were added to obtain an overall weil being and activity scoring. The possible theoretical range for the overall scoring in this study was 10-124

Bloqueo alfa 1 mediado por metoclopramida en anillos de aorta de rata / Alpha 1 antagonists by metoclopramide half-full by aortic rings of rats

La metoclopramida es un antagonista dopaminérgico DA2 que ha sido utilizada sistemáticamente en la investigación junto con bromocriptina, un agonista dopaminérgico DA2 cuya estimulación provoca reducción de la presión arterial. En estudios previos, hemos demostrado que la MTC a bajas dosis reduce la presión arterial sistólica y diastólica sin cambios en la frecuencia cardíaca y en el presente trabajo estamos reportando que la MTC inhibe la contracción de anillos de aorta de rata provocados por fenilefrina, un estimulante del receptor adrenérgico alfa 1 que produce vasoconstricción, disminuyendo la respuesta máxima y desplazando la curva hacia la derecha, lo cual es compatible con una inhibición no competitiva. Estos hallazgos pueden tener relevancia clínica en el tratamiento de sujetos con hipertensión arterial