A novel mutation in COL1A1 causing osteogenesis imperfecta/hearing loss

Abstract Objectives: To screen the COL1A1 and COL1A2 gene mutation sites in a family with type I osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)/hearing loss and analyze the characteristics and recovery of hearing loss in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta. Methods: The basic clinical data of Ol proband and her parents were collected, and the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes were detected in peripheral blood by PCR amplification and generation Sanger sequencing. Literature of stapedial surgery in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta was collected. Results: The heterozygous mutation of the 26 exon c.1922_1923 ins C in the Ol progenitor COL1A1 gene led to the amino acid frameshift mutation of p.Pro 601FS, which was not detected in the phenotypic parents. The homozygous of exon 28 c.1782>G in COL1A2 was detected in the proband and her parents, resulting in changes in the protein p.Pro 549Ala. Conclusion: The clinical symptoms of the Ol proband is caused by heterozygous mutation of the 26 exon c.1922_1923 ins C in COL1A1 gene. Stapedial surgery can provide short-term and long-term hearing benefits for Ol patients with hearing loss. Level of evidence: Level 4.

Prevalence of depressive symptoms among grassroots healthcare workers in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of depressive symptoms among grassroots healthcare workers in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into improving their mental health. @*Methods@#Grassroots healthcare workers of community health service centers and township health centers were sampled from one county (city, district) in each of 11 cities in Zhejiang Province using a convenience sampling method from December 2022 to January 2023. Participants' gender, age, educational level and average daily sleep duration in the past week were collected through questionnaires, and depression symptoms was investigated according to Self-rating Depression Scale. Factors affecting the depressive symptoms were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. @*Results@#A total of 1 946 questionnaires were distributed, and 1 945 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective response rate of 99.95%. There were 444 boys, accounting for 22.83%, and 1 501 girls, accounting for 77.17%. The median age was was 36 (interquartile range, 44) years. There were 786 healthcare workers detected with depressive symptoms, with a prevalence rate of 40.41%, and the prevalence rates of mild, moderate and severe depressive symptoms were 26.94%, 10.49% and 2.98%, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified age (50 years and older, OR=0.572, 95%CI: 0.386-0.846), annual income (100 000 to 149 999 Yuan, OR=0.780, 95%CI: 0.635-0.958; 150 000 to 199 999 Yuan, OR=0.463, 95%CI: 0.282-0.760; 200 000 Yuan and above, OR=0.303, 95%CI: 0.098-0.937), vocation (nurse, OR=1.593, 95%CI: 1.252-2.027) and sleep duration (less than 7 hours, OR=2.164, 95%CI: 1.768-2.648) as factors affecting depressive symptoms among grassroots healthcare workers in Zhejiang Province.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of depressive symptoms among grassroots healthcare workers in Zhejiang Province is 40.41%. Age, annual income, job and sleep duration may affect the development of depressive symptoms among grassroots healthcare workers.

Effect of modified Chufeng Yisun Decoction on ocular surface inflammation after pterygium surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the effect of modified Chufeng Yisun Decoction on ocular surface inflammation after pterygium surgery.METHODS: A total of 60 patients(60 eyes)with primary pterygium who underwent pterygium surgery were randomly divided into control group and study group, with 30 cases(30 eyes)in each group. In the control group, patients were treated with pranoprofen eye drops, tobramycin dexamethasone eye drops, and deproteinized calf blood extract eye gel after the surgery. In the study group, patients were treated by oral modified Chufeng Yisun Decoction in addition to the treatments in the control group. The changes of ocular irritation symptoms, ocular inflammatory signs, tear interleukin 6(IL-6)levels, and tear ferning test(TFT)of patients in the two groups were assessed.RESULTS: The visual analogue scale(VAS)in patients of both groups was significantly lower at 2d and 1wk after the surgery than that at 1d after the surgery(all P<0.01), and the VAS of the study group was significantly better than that of the control group at 2d and 1wk after surgery(P<0.01). The ocular signs integrals(OSI)and TFT results of both groups at 1wk were significantly lower than those at 1d after the surgery(all P<0.01), and the OSI and TFT were also lower in the study group than in the control group at 1wk after the surgery(all P<0.01). In addition, the concentration of tear IL-6 in both groups was significantly lower at 1wk after the surgery than 1d after the surgery(all P<0.01), and it was also significantly lower in the study group than in the control group at 1wk after the surgery(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: The combination of Chufeng Yisun Decoction and conventional treatment of western has a better effect on controlling ocular surface inflammation after pterygium surgery.

Screening of rpsL mutations in streptomycin resistance gene of 104 strains of Yersinia pestis strains in south area of Qinghai Province by TaqMan-MGB fluorescent probe / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of streptomycin resistance of Yersinia pestis caused by point mutations of rpsL gene in Qinghai, so as to provide theoretical basis for precise clinical medication and prevention of drug resistance of human plague outbreak in South area of Qinghai Province in the future. Methods A total of 104 representative strains of Yersinia pestis collected from plague patients, vector insects and intermediate hosts in South area of Qinghai Province from 1957 to 2009 were screened, isolated and cultured by Hiss agar plates. The DNA of representative Yersinia pestis was extracted by sodium dodecyl sulfate lysis and phenol-chloroform method. The primers forward primer and reverse primer and TaqMan-MGB probes probe1 [FAM] and probe2 [VIC] were designed for the rpsL gene of streptomycin resistance gene in China. Real-time PCR with TaqMan-MGB fluorescent probe was used to detect the mutations of rpsL gene in streptomycin resistance locus of 104 strains of Yersinia pestis in South area of Qinghai Province. Results The FAM test results of 104 strains in South area of Qinghai Province were positive, corresponding to the detection of rpsL (128 : A ), RFU peak >1 000,negative <200. VIC test results of all tested strains were negative, corresponding to the detection of rpsL (128:G), RFU peak <200, positive >1 000. That is, no strains with rpsL gene mutation related to streptomycin resistance were found in the 104 strains of Yersinia pestis in Qingnan Province. Conclusion This study provides basic data on the distribution of streptomycin resistance of Yersinia pestis in South area of Qinghai Province, and lays a foundation for preventing the occurrence of drug resistance and clinical treatment of Yersinia pestis in South area of Qinghai Province.

Research on the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats genotyping of Yersinia pestis in the natural plague foci of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective　To investigate the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) genotypes and regional distribution of Yersinia pestis strains in the natural plague foci of Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province (referred to as "Hainan prefecture") and provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control in this area. Methods　A total of 36 representative Yersinia pestis strains, which were isolated from different host animals and insect vectors from 1954 to 2009 in Hainan Prefecture, were selected as experimental subjects. The DNAs were extracted using the traditional sodium dodecyl sulfate decomposition and phenol-chloroform method. Three pairs of CRISPR primers (YPa, Ypb, YPc) were used for PCR amplification, sequencing and analysis of the DNA of the tested strains, respectively, as a means to identify the CRISPR genotypes of Yersinia pestis in Hainan Prefecture. Results　A total of 17 spacers were observed among 36 strains of Yersinia pestis, including 9 of YPa, 5 of YPb and 3 of YPc. All strains were divided into 5 CRISPR gene clusters (Cb2, Cb4 ', Ca7, Ca7 ', Ca35 ') and 6 genotypes (G1, G9, G22, G22-A1 ', G26-A1 ', G26-A1 'A4 -). The G26-a1 ' was the main genotype, which was distributed in Gonghe, Guide and Xinghai County, and the G22 is the second type, which was distributed in Gonghe and Guide County. Conclusions　The genetic polymorphism of CRISPR loci of Yersinia pestis strains in Hainan was high, and the regional distribution characteristics of Yersinia pestis strains with different genotypes were significant.

Reclassification of flat type sudden deafness / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To reclassify the flat type sudden deafness according to the types of audiogram shape, and to explore the correlation between different pattern of hearing loss and prognosis. Methods: All of 1 024 patients with unilateral sudden deafness (492 males and 532 females, aged from 19 to 65 years, with an average age of 41.2 years old) admitted to 33 hospitals nationwide from August 2007 to October 2011 were divided into four types according to Chinese Guideline of Sudden Deafness(2015): low-frequency, high-frequency, flat and total deafness. Then, 402 patients with flat type sudden deafness were further divided into ascending type, descending type and consistent type according to the audiogram shapes. First, we compared the clinical characteristics and prognosis among these three subtypes of flat deafness, then compared the clinical characteristics and prognosis between ascending flat deafness and low-frequency deafness, descending flat deafness and high-frequency deafness, consistent flat deafness and total deafness, explored the factors related to the prognosis of flat deafness. SPSS 21.0 software, ANOVA, χ2 test, t-test and Logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results: The cure rates of flat ascending, flat descending and flat consistent sudden deafness groups were 70.7%, 17.1% and 34.0% respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=33.984, P<0.001); However, there was no significant difference in age, sex and affected side (all P>0.05). The independent related factors for the recovery of flat type sudden deafness were as follows: whether there was dizziness [OR=0.459; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.271-0.777], the type of audiogram shape (OR=0.721; 95%CI: 0.530-0.981), and days from onset to therapy (OR=0.903, 95%CI: 0.835-0.978), all of which had P values<0.05. There was no significant difference in the cure rates between ascending flat sudden deafness and low-frequency descending sudden deafness, descending flat sudden deafness and high-frequency descending sudden deafness (all P>0.05). The pure tone average(PTA) of flat consistent sudden deafness and total deafness were (69.1±18.9) and (101.7±17.7) dB HL, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (t=20.890, P<0.001), and the cure rates were 34.0% and 14.5%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (χ2=29.012, P<0.001). Conclusion: According to the audiogram shape, the flat type sudden deafness can be further divided into ascending flat sudden deafness, descending flat sudden deafness and consistent flat sudden deafness, which can more effectively evaluate the prognosis. The cure rate of ascending flat sudden deafness is similar to that of low-frequency sudden deafness, and the prognosis is well; The cure rate of descending flat sudden deafness is similar to that of high-frequency descending sudden deafness, and the prognosis is poor. The cure rate of consistent flat sudden deafness is higher than that of total deafness. PTA plays an important role in the prognosis of consistent flat sudden deafness and total deafness. Total deafness can be regarded as a single type of sudden deafness.

Contamination of common food-borne pathogens in foods sold in Changzhou / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the contamination status of common food-borne pathogens in foods sold in Changzhou, and to provide evidence for food safety risk assessment and prevention of food-borne diseases. Methods From 2010 to 2020 , 2 513 samples of 17 types of foods were collected in Changzhou area. The detection of pathogenic bacteria was carried out in accordance with the standard operation procedure specified in the “Workbook for Surveillance on Food Microorganisms and Pathogenic Factors in Jiangsu Province”. Results A total of 260 positive samples of common food-borne pathogens were detected in all 2 513 samples with an overall detection rate of 10.30%. Single factor analysis showed that the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in non-ready-to-eat samples was higher than that in ready-to-eat samples (χ2=148.875，P =0.000). The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in bulk samples was higher than that in prepackaged ones (χ2=70.956，P=0.000). There is a difference in the detection rate of food-borne pathogens from different types of sampling sites (χ2=65.017，P=0.000). Logistic regression analysis showed that ready-to-eat food, packaging type, and sampling season were significantly correlated with the detection rate of food-borne pathogens. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in samples collected in the third or fourth quarters was higher than that in the first quarter. Conclusion The commercial foods sold in Changzhou have a relatively high level of contamination of food-borne pathogenic bacteria, and they should be fully heated and sterilized before consumption. The relevant departments should strengthen supervision and health education in summer and autumn.

Comparative study of laparoscopic Keyhole and Sugarbaker technique in the treatment of terminal paracolostomy hernia / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To compare laparoscopic Keyhole repair with Sugarbaker repair in consecutive patients with parastomal hernia. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2021, 117 patients with parastomal hernia were treated with Keyhole or Sugarbaker laparoscopy repairs in the Department of Hernia and Bariatrci Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China, and the clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. There were 45 males and 72 females, aged (68.6±8.6) years (range: 44 to 84 years). Laparoscopic Sugarbaker repair was performed in 89 cases, and Keyhole repair was performed in 28 cases. The t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, χ2 test and Fisher exact test were used to compare the observation indicators between the two groups, such as operation time, incidence of operation-related complications, and postoperative recurrence rate. Results: The follow-up period was (M(IQR)) 33 (36) months (range: 12 to 84 months). Compared to the Sugarbaker group, the hernia ring area of the Keyhole group was bigger (35 (26) cm2 vs. 25 (16) cm2, Z=1.974, P=0.048), length of stay was longer ((22.0±8.0) d vs. (14.1±6.2) d, t=5.485, P<0.01), and the postoperative rate of recurrence was higher (28.6% (8/28) vs. 6.7% (6/89), χ2=7.675, P=0.006). There was no difference in operation time and postoperative complications between the two groups. Conclusions: Laparoscopic Sugarbaker repair is superior to Keyhole repair in the recurrence rate of parastomal hernia treated with compsite mesh (not funnel-shaped mesh). There are no differences in operation time and postoperative complications between the two groups.

Associations between various lipid components and premature myocardial infarction: a cross-sectional study / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is closely related to premature acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The present study was performed to explore the correlation between various blood lipid components and the risk of premature AMI. Methods: This is a cross-sectional retrospective study. Consecutive patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), who completed coronary angiography from October 1, 2020 to September 30, 2022 in our hospital, were enrolled and divided into premature AMI group (male<55 years old, female<65 years old) and late-onset AMI group. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A-1 (ApoA-1), non-HDL-C/HDL-C and ApoB/ApoA-1 were analyzed. The correlation between the above blood lipid indexes and premature AMI was analyzed and compared by logistic regression, restricted cubic spline and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: A total of 1 626 patients with STEMI were enrolled in this study, including 409 patients with premature AMI and 1 217 patients with late-onset AMI. Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of premature AMI increased significantly with the increase of TG, non-HDL-C/HDL-C, non-HDL-C, ApoB/ApoA-1, TC and ApoB quintiles; while LDL-C, ApoA-1 and Lp (a) had no significant correlation with premature AMI. The restricted cubic spline graph showed that except Lp (a), LDL-C, ApoA-1 and ApoB/ApoA-1, other blood lipid indicators were significantly correlated with premature AMI. The ROC curve showed that TG and non-HDL-C/HDL-C had better predictive value for premature AMI. Inconsistency analysis found that the incidence and risk of premature AMI were the highest in patients with high TG and high non-HDL-C/HDL-C. Conclusion: TG, non-HDL-C/HDL-C and other blood lipid indexes are significantly increased in patients with premature AMI, among which TG is the parameter, most closely related to premature AMI, and future studies are needed to explore the impact of controlling TG on incidence of premature AMI.

Study on the influencing factors of hospitalization in a long-term follow-up cohort of 123 patients with Crohn′s disease / 中华消化杂志

Objective:To explore the influencing factors of hospitalization in patients with mild active Crohn′s disease or in clinical remission during long-term follow-up.Methods:This was a prospective cohort study. From August 5, 2013 to January 5, 2015, 123 patients with mild active Crohn′s disease or in clinical remission visited the Department of Gastroenterology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital were selected. The baseline information of all the patients were collected, including the general data such as age and gender, clinical data such as extra-intestinal manifestations, complications, efficacy of glucocorticoid usage, serum hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP), serum albumin, and the total score and the subscore in systemic symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease questionnaire (IBDQ). All the patients were followed up for a long time till May 31, 2022 or the date of hospitalization due to the disease. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to define the optimal cut-off values of hsCRP and serum albumin for hospitalization prediction. Multivariate Cox regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization.Results:The median age of 123 patients was 32.0 years old (25.0 years old, 49.0 years old), 32.5% (40/123) were female, and 71 cases (57.7%) were hospitalized because of disease, and the median follow-up time was 29.2 months (9.0 months, 57.9 months). ROC analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of hsCRP and serum albumin in predicting hospitalization because of disease in patients with Crohn′s disease was 1.5 mg/L and 40 g/L (both P<0.001), respectively.Multivariate Cox regression model showed that the extra-intestinal manifestations ( HR=1.869, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.014 to 3.443), complications ( HR=2.511, 95% CI 1.368 to 4.608), glucocorticoid dependence or refractory ( HR=1.958, 95% CI 1.128 to 3.396), serum hsCRP≥1.5 mg/L ( HR=2.116, 95% CI 1.111 to 4.029) and serum albumin≤40 g/L ( HR=3.040, 95% CI 1.716 to 5.386) were independent risk factors of hospitalization because of disease in patients with Crohn′s disease ( P=0.045, 0.003, 0.017, 0.023, and <0.001). However, IBDQ subscore in systemic symptoms ( HR=0.873, 95% CI 0.805 to 0.948) was an independent protective factor of hospitalization because of disease ( P=0.001). Conclusions:Patients with Crohn′s disease at remission stage or mild activity stage who have extra-intestinal manifestations, complications, glucocorticoid dependence or refractory, serum hsCRP≥1.5 mg/L or serum albumin≤40 g/L are at high risk of hospitalization because of disease, and should be given more active treatments and more frequent follow-up. Patients with higher IBDQ subscore in systemic symptoms are more likely to gain a long-term stable condition.

Mechanism study of Si Miao Formula on alleviating insulin resistance by increasing the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila in mice / 药学学报

In our previous study, we found that Si Miao Formula (SMF) had the effect of improving the disorder of glucose metabolism caused by high fat and high sucrose diet, and significantly altered the composition of gut microbiota, especially increasing the level of Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila). However, it is unclear that the role of intestinal flora and A. muciniphila play in SMF improving blood glucose homeostasis, and the mechanism of how SMF increases the level of A. muciniphila. Therefore, this study will explore the correlation between SMF improving the insulin resistance and increasing the level of A. muciniphila, as well as the mechanism of SMF-induced growth of A. muciniphila using the in vitro and in vivo experiments. We explored the effect of intestinal flora and A. muciniphila on SMF-improved insulin resistance through fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) and antibiotic intervention. In order to study the mechanisms underlying SMF on elevating A. muciniphila, we disassembled SMF to find the key component which can particularly elevate the number of A. muciniphila. Using the in vitro anaerobic culture system combined with cell and animal experiments, we explored the mechanism of the key component in elevating A. muciniphila. The research was approved by the Animal Ethical and Welfare Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Our results showed that the gut microbiota altered by SMF can improve high fat and sucrose diet induced insulin resistance in recipient mice, and the improvement was closely related to the abundance of A. muciniphila. Cortex Phellodendri played the most important role in regulating the composition of intestinal flora and increasing the number of A. muciniphila, of which, berberine was the key component of Cortex Phellodendri which up regulated A. muciniphila. We have found that berberine cannot directly promote the growth of A. muciniphila in vitro, but it can stimulate the expression of mucin, which, in turn, promote the growth of A. muciniphila. The above results show that the improved insulin sensitiviy by SMF depends on the increased level of A. muciniphila. The effect of SMF on elevating the amount of A. muciniphila might be correlated with the increased expression of mucin stimulated by berberine.

Effects of persistent isolated hypothyroxinemia in the first and second trimester of pregnancy on complications and adverse outcomes of pregnancy / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of persistent isolated hypothyroxinemia in the first and second trimester of pregnancy on complications and adverse outcomes of pregnancy.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted in 784 pregnant women including 111 cases of persistent isolated hypothyroxinemia in the first and second trimester of pregnancy and 673 pregnant women with normal thyroid function as control group. All women were registered and delivered in the Department of Obstetrics of our hospital from April 2016 to April 2017. The complications and adverse outcomes of pregnancy in the two groups were analyzed.Results:Age, body weight before pregnancy, body mass index(BMI), 1 h plasma glucose and 2 h plasma glucose during oral glucose tolerance test in persistent isolated hypothyroxinemia group were higher than those in control group( P<0.05), with increased incidence of anemia during pregnancy( P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the incidences of gestational diabetes mellitus and gestational hypertension between the two groups( P>0.05). No significant statistical differences were found in macrosomia, stillbirth, neonatal malformation, postpartum hemorrhage, acute delivery, premature delivery, fetal intrauterine development delay, and small full-term infants between the two groups( P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age( OR=1.1, 95% CI 1.0-1.1, P=0.002) and pre-pregnancy body weight( OR=1.0, 95% CI 1.0-1.1, P=0.046) were risk factors for the occurrence of persistent isolated hypothyroxinemia in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Persistent isolated hypothyroxinemia in the first and second trimesters was associated with anemia during pregnancy( OR=1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.2, P=0.024). Conclusions:Pregnant women who are older and heavier before pregnancy should pay more attention to their thyroid function. Pregnant women with persistent isolated hypothyroxinemia in the first and second trimesters should be concerned for anemia.

Associations between 24-hour urinary sodium excretion and all-cause mortality in adults living in north China / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the associations between 24-hour urinary sodium excretion (24hUNaE) and all-cause mortality in adult Northern Chinese population. Methods: Data from this study were derived from the prospective urban and rural epidemiology (PURE) study in north China. Baseline information of all participants were obtained by face to face interview through trained research staffs based on questionnaires, and morning fasting urine samples of participants were collected to estimate 24hUNaE and 24-hour potassium excretion (24hUKE). Multivariable frailty Cox regression models were used to explore the association between 24hUNaE (<3.00, 3.00-3.99, 4.00-4.99, 5.00-5.99 and ≥6 g/d) and all-cause death. Results: A total of 27 310 participants were included in this study. The mean 24hUNaE was (5.84±1.73) g/d. After a median follow-up of 8.8 years, 1 024 participants died (3.7%), including 390 cardiovascular related deaths and 591 non-cardiovascular related deaths. The cause of death of the remaining patients could not be determined. Using 24hUNaE level of 4.00-4.99 g/d as the reference group, after fully adjustment, 24hUNaE ≥6.00 g/d was associated with an increased risk of all-cause death (HR=1.24, 95%CI: 1.02-1.49) and cardiovascular related death (HR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.02-1.88). 24hUNaE<3.00 g/d was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (HR=1.38, 95%CI: 0.96-1.99). There was no significant association between 24hUNaE and non-cardiovascular related death. Furthermore, using the combination of 24hUNaE 4.00-4.99 g/d and 24hUKE≥2.11 g/d as the reference group, the highest risk occurred in participants with the combination of low sodium (<3.00 g/d) and low potassium (<2.11 g/d). Conclusion: 24hUNaE equal or higher than 6 g/d or lower than 3 g/d is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular related death in Northern Chinese population. Besides, moderate sodium intake in combination with increased potassium intake might reduce the risk of all-cause death.

Rituximab-Based Regimens for Treatment of Primary Gastric Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze clinical response of the Rituximab-based chemotherapy and prognostic features in patients with primary gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PGDLBCL).@*METHODS@#From June 2008 to December 2020, the data of 53 PGDLBCL patients were analyzed retrospectively.@*RESULTS@#The median age was 46(25-77) years old in 53 patients including 35 males and 18 females. Stomachache is the most common symptom. The diagnosis were confirmed in 47 patients by endoscopic biopsy and 6 patients by surgery. Twenty-six patients had Ⅰ/Ⅱ1 stage (Lugano staging system) disease and 27 cases had II2/IV stage disease. All patients were treated with chemotherapy, including RCHOP (25/53) and R-DA-EPOCH (28/53). Complete remission rate was 79.2%（42/53）. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 77.4% and 69.8%. Univariate analysis showed that lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), Lugano stage and lesion size affected OS. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that IPI score and Lugano stage were independent prognosis risk factors affecting OS. The patients in the R-DA-EPOCH group presented better survival outcomes than those in the RCHOP group with late stage (P5-year OS=0.035).@*CONCLUSION@#Rituximab in combination with chemotherapy is the backbone of therapy for PGDLBCL. IPI score and Lugano stage are independent prognosis risk factors affecting OS of PGDLBCL. R-DA-EPOCH can be superior to R-CHOP as a first-line regimen in PGDLBCL patients with late stage.

Acupuncture for perimenopausal early-wake insomnia: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical effect of acupuncture for perimenopausal early-wake insomnia.@*METHODS@#A total of 60 patients with perimenopausal early-wake insomnia were randomly divided into an observation group (30 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (30 cases, 2 cases dropped off, 2 cases were removed). In the observation group, acupuncture was applied at Baihui (GV 20), Yintang (GV 24+), Anmian (Extra), Hegu (LI 4), Shenmen (HT 7), Taichong (LR 3), Taixi (KI 3), etc., once every other day, 3 times a week. In the control group, oryzanol tablets were taken orally, 20 mg each time, 3 times a day. Both groups were treated for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the sleep actigraphy (ACT) was used to measure the effective sleep time, sleep quality, wake-up time, wake-up frequency, each wake-up time, and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score and early-wake score were compared in the two groups, and the clinical effect was assessed.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, compared before treatment, the effective sleep time was prolonged and the sleep quality was improved (P<0.05), the wake-up time, each wake-up time were shortened and wake-up frequency was decreased (P<0.05), the PSQI score and early-wake score were decreased (P<0.05) in the observation group. After treatment, the wake-up frequency, PSQI score and early-wake score were decreased in the control group (P<0.05). The effective sleep time, sleep quality, wake-up time, wake-up frequency, each wake-up time, PSQI score and early-wake score after treatment in the observation group were superior to the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate was 88.9% (24/27) in the observation group, which was higher than 38.5% (10/26) in the control group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture can increase the effective sleep time and improve sleep quality in patients with perimenopausal early-wake insomnia.

Comparative study on short and long-term intervention impacts of six Chinese herbs with cold or heat property on lipid and energy metabolism in mice / 中国中药杂志

This study selected three typical Chinese herbs with cold property(Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, and Coptidis Rhizoma) and another three with heat property(Cinnamomi Cortex, Zingiberris Rhizoma, and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) to observe their regulatory effects on metabolism in animal organism, especially on lipid and energy metabolism in mice after a short-(7 d) and long-term(35 d) intervention. The mRNA expression levels of lipid metabolism genes in epididymal adipose tissue and liver were determined by real-time PCR. The oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, and energy consumption were detected by metabolic system. After the short-term intervention, the Chinese herbs with heat property significantly reduced epididymal adipose tissue index and elevated the expression levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACC), lipoprotein lipase(LPL), and carnitine-palmityl transferase 1(CPT-1) in liver and epididymal adipose tissues. However, those with cold property promoted the expression of above-mentioned genes in epididymal adipose tissue. After the long-term intervention, cold and heat Chinese herbs had no significant effect on epididymal adipose tissue index of animals, while cold Chinese herbs could increase carbon dioxide production and energy consumption and reduce activity. These findings demonstrated that the short-term intervention effects of cold and heat Chinese herbs on animal metabolism were significantly stronger than the long-term intervention effects. Specifically, the short-term intervention with cold Chinese herbs enhanced the lipid metabolism in epididymal adipose tissue, while the heat Chinese herbs promoted lipid metabolism in epididymal adipose tissue and liver. The long-term intervention with cold and heat Chinese herbs resulted in no obvious change in lipid level, but long-term intervention with cold Chinese herbs accelerated energy consumption of the body. This study preliminarily observed the effects of cold and heat Chinese herbs on normal animal physiology from lipid and energy metabolism, which would provide reference for explaining the biological basis of Chinese herbs with cold or heat property based on biological response.

Primary hyperparathyroidism caused by an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the anterior superior mediastinum: One case report / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

This article reported a case of a male patient with primary hyperparathyroidism(PHPT) caused by an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the anterior superior mediastinal. Hospital routine examinations indicated hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, type 2 diabetes with nephropathy, chronic kidney disease in stage Ⅳ, elevated PTH, hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, clinically highly suspected hyperparathyroidism. There was no obvious abnormality of parathyroid ultrasound, while 18F-FDG systemic metabolic imaging and 99mTc-MIBI dual-phase parathyroid imaging suggested that an ectopic parathyroid gland in the anterior superior mediastinal which was hyperactive. Evaluations of anterior pituitary function, pancreas, and endocrine-related hormones showed no obvious abnormalities, and thus we ruled out the possibility of multiple endocrine adenomas, combined with the patient′s symptoms and previous medical history, and ruled out the possibility of tertiary hyperparathyroidism, the patient was diagnosed as PHPT caused by the anterior superior mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenoma. To restore the blood calcium to normal, the patient was treated with intravenous rehydration, diuresis, calcitonin to promote urinary calcium excretion, and zoledronic acid to inhibit bone resorption. Further thoracoscopic mediastinal tumor resection was performed, and the diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma was confirmed by pathology. All the indicators were normal and no recurrence of hyperparathyroidism was found during the follow-up. Integration of the patient′s clinical manifestations, biochemical indicators, and imaging examinations are necessary to diagnose PHPT qualitatively and location-specifically. In particular, it is necessary to pay attention to whether there is the possibilities of ectopic adenoma and multiple endocrine adenomas, to reduce the rates of missed diagnosis and recurrence.

Ginger-separated moxibustion for chronic fatigue syndrome and its effect on intestinal flora / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of ginger-separated moxibustion on fatigue state and intestinal flora in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS).@*METHODS@#A total of 62 patients with CFS were randomly divided into an observation group (31 cases, 3 cases dropped off) and a control group (31 cases, 2 cases dropped off). The patients in the control group were treated with normal diet and moderate exercise; on the basis of the control group, the patients in the observation group were treated with ginger-separated moxibustion at Zhongwan (CV 12), Shenque (CV 8) and Guanyuan (CV 4), 30 min each time, once every other day, three times a week. Both groups were intervened for 4 weeks. Before and after treatment, the fatigue scale-14 (FS-14) was used to observe the improvement of fatigue state, and 16S rRNA detection technology was used to detect the distribution of intestinal flora.@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, the FS-14 score was reduced after treatment in the observation group (@*CONCLUSION@#The ginger-separated moxibustion could significantly improve the fatigue state in CFS patients, which may be related to the regulation of intestinal flora structure and the repair of intestinal barrier.

Impact of intergenerational care on child physical health in China / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the impact of intergenerational care on child physical health, so as to provide references for promoting the overall development of children s health.@*Methods@#Based on the 2016 national data of the Chinese Family Tracking Survey, descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and OLS regression analysis were used to explore the relationship between health status of 4 226 children aged 0-14 and intergenerational care.@*Results@#OLS regression analysis showed that intergenerational care had a significant impact on physical health of preschool children (t=-2.11,P=0.04), but had no significant impact on the health of school-age children (t=-0.58,P=0.56). Annual family income, family population size, age and gender of caregivers had a significant impact on the health of preschool children (P<0.05).The self-rated health of caregivers and whether children participated in medical insurance had a significant impact on the health of all children (P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Intergenerational care has a significant impact on the health status of preschool children, but has no impact on the health status of school age children. Attention should be paid to the health of caregivers, medical insurance condition and the impact of physical exercise on children’s health, as well as the health literacy improvement of child caregivers, and children’s medical insurance and welfare.

Desulfovibrio vulgaris, a potent acetic acid-producing bacterium, increased by Astragalus polysaccharides to attenuate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE Although the underlying mechanism is largely unknown, gut dysbiosis has emerged as a central initiator of obesity-related diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes and meta?bolic syndrome. The emerging evidence support the use of prebiotics like herb-derived polysaccharides for treating NAFLD by modulating gut microbiome. So, our study focused on the microbiota-dependent anti-NAFLD effect and the exact mechanisms of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) extracted from Astragalus mongholicus Bunge in high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice. METHODS Co-housing experiment was used to assess the microbiota dependent anti-NAFLD effect of APS. Then, targeted metabolomics and metagenomics were adopted for determining short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bacteria that were specifically enriched by APS. Further in vitro experiment was carried out to test the capacity of SCFAs-producing of identified bacterium. Finally, the anti-NAFLD efficacy of identified bacterium was tested in HFD fed mice. RESULTS Our results first demonstrated the anti-NAFLD effect of APS in HFD fed mice and the contribution of gut microbiota. Moreover, our results indicated that SCFAs, predominantly acetic acid were elevated in APS-supplemented mice and ex vivo experiment. Metagenomics revealed that D. vulgaris from Desulfovibrio genus was not only enriched by APS, but also a potent generator of acetic acid, which showed significant anti-NAFLD effects in HFD fed mice. In addition, D. vulgaris modulated the hepatic gene expression pattern of lipids metabolism, particularly suppressed hepatic fatty acid synthase (FASN) and CD36 protein expression. CONCLUSION APS enriched D. vulgaris is effective on attenuating hepatic steatosis possibly through producing acetic acid, and modulation on hepatic lipids metabolism in mice. Further studies are warranted to explore the long-term impacts of D. vulgaris on host metabolism and the underly?ing mechanism.