ABSTRACT
Objective: To observe the effect of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) on cerebral edema in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: Male SD rats with fluid percussion injury (FPI) were selected. After separation and culture, rats' astrocytes all suffered FPI. The expression of NF-κB and the water content were detected at the animal and cellular levels, while the activity of NOX was evaluated at the cellular level. Results: According to the results, the positive expression of NF-κB and expression of mRNA were significantly increased and the water content was increased for rats after TBI, while NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 could significantly reduce the effect of TBI. 1 and 3 h after FPI of astrocytes, the activation of NF-κB was increased and BAY 11-7082 could significantly improve the injury-induced swelling of astrocytes. After the injury of astrocytes, the activity of NOX was also increased, while BAY 11-7082 could reduce the activity of NOX. Conclusions: The results show that the activation of NF-κB in astrocytes is a key factor in the process of cerebral edema after TBI of rats.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) on cerebral edema in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI).@*METHODS@#Male SD rats with fluid percussion injury (FPI) were selected. After separation and culture, rats' astrocytes all suffered FPI. The expression of NF-κB and the water content were detected at the animal and cellular levels, while the activity of NOX was evaluated at the cellular level.@*RESULTS@#According to the results, the positive expression of NF-κB and expression of mRNA were significantly increased and the water content was increased for rats after TBI, while NF-κB inhibitor BAY11-7082 could significantly reduce the effect of TBI. 1 and 3 h after FPI of astrocytes, the activation of NF-κB was increased and BAY 11-7082 could significantly improve the injury-induced swelling of astrocytes. After the injury of astrocytes, the activity of NOX was also increased, while BAY 11-7082 could reduce the activity of NOX.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results show that the activation of NF-κB in astrocytes is a key factor in the process of cerebral edema after TBI of rats.
ABSTRACT
AIM@#To study the chemical constituents of the flowers of Rhododendron molle.@*METHODS@#Compounds were isolated by repeated chromatography over silica gel and Sephadex LH-20. Structures were elucidated based on spectral techniques, mainly 1D- and 2D-NMR and mass spectrometric analyses.@*RESULTS@#Two compounds (1 and 2) were isolated.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compounds 1 and 2 were identified as two new compounds: 2α, 10α-epoxy-3β, 5β, 6β, 14β, 16α-hexahydroxy-grayanane and benzyl 2, 6-dihydroxybenzoate-6-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→3)-β-D-glucopyranoside, respectively.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Flowers , Chemistry , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Molecular Structure , Rhododendron , ChemistryABSTRACT
To investigate the feasibility and safety of early dressing removal of clean wounds following thoracotomy. A total of 230 patients [127 males, mean age 55.6 +/- 16.7 years] were randomly divided into study and control groups. In the study group the cotton gauze dressing was removed 48 h after the surgery, whereas in the control group the dressing was kept on for 7-8 days until the removal of skin sutures. The infection and healing of the wounds were examined, and patients were followed up for 30 days. There was no statistically significant difference in age, sex, smoking rates, concurrent illnesses and operational characteristics between the study and control groups [p > 0.05]. The wound infection rate in the study and control groups was 6 [5.2%] and 7 patients [6.1%], respectively [p = 0.775]. Two patients [1.7%] from the study group and 1 [0.9%, p = 0.561] from the control group had partial wound approximation by day 7. Surrounding skin integrity was normal in 106 [92.2%] of the study group and 107 [93.0%] of the control group patients by postoperative day 7 [p = 0.801]. Removal of wound dressing 48 h after thoracic surgery was not associated with an increased risk of surgical site infection. Hence the early removal of wound dressing did not appear to have an adverse impact on wound healing
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Thoracotomy , Thoracic Surgery , Safety , Feasibility Studies , Wound Infection , Wound Healing , Random AllocationABSTRACT
The aim of the study is to investigate chemical constituents of the leaves of Pieris japonica. The isolation and purification of the constituents were performed by various chromatography and spectral analysis. Three new phenolic glucosides, erythro-syringoylglycerol 4-O-beta-D-glucoside (1), 1-(2-beta-D-glucopyranoxyl-4-methoxyl-6-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxyl-l-propanone (3), erythro-l-(4-hydroxyl-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[4-(3-beta-D-glucopyranoxypropyl)-2 ,6-dimethoxyphenoxy]-1, 3-propanediol (4), along with five known phenolic glucosides, syringoylglycerol 8-O-beta-D-glucoside (2), magnolenin C (5), syringaresinol mono-beta-D-glucoside (6), 3-(4-hydroxyl-3-methyphenyl)-1 -propanol-l-O-beta-D-glucoside (7) and 3, 5-dimethoxyl-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 4-O-beta-D-glucoside (8) were isolated and identified from the plant leaves. Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited significantly (P <0.01) the proliferation of murine T and B cells at concentration of 1 x 10(-6) mol L(-1), in vitro.
Subject(s)
Ericaceae , Chemistry , Glucosides , Chemistry , Immunosuppressive Agents , Chemistry , Lignans , Chemistry , Phenols , Chemistry , Plant Leaves , Chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , ChemistryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between the patients' high follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) azoospermia and microdeletions in Y chromosome.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eleven sequence tagged sites (STSs) in Yq were detected by PCR in 16 male patients' high FSH azoospermia.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Microdeletions were observed in 6 of 16 male patients and the deletion rate was 37.5%(6/16). Five types of microdeletions were detected: AZFc(SY152), AZFc (SY152+SY254)+AZFd (SY153), AZFc (SY152+SY254+SY255)+AZFd (SY153), AZFc (SY152+SY158+SY255)+AZFd (SY153),and AZFb (SY130)+AZFc (SY158+SY254+SY255)+AZFd (SY153) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Microdeletion of Y chromosome was one of the important reasons of the patients' high FSH azoospermia. Before the application of assisted-reproductive technology (ART) to the patients, it is necessary to detect the microdeletions, especially AZFc and AZFd.</p>