ABSTRACT
Abstract@#Allostatic load (AL) is related to stress. Adverse childhood experiences(ACEs), as a common stress in childhood, can make a serious and lasting impact on it. Allostatic load can reflect the wear and tear of an individual s physiological system. This article mainly reviews the functional changes of several systems of AL who have experienced ACEs, including neuroendocrine, metabolism, immune, and cardiovascular systems, as well as the different effects of the occurrence time and subtypes of ACES on AL, providing some theoretical basis for the development of early intervention plans in the future and reducing the occurrence and development of deleterious outcomes.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the impact of the drug resistance on the radioresistance in human pancreatic cancer cell lines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three drug resistant pancreatic cancer cell sublines induced by fluorouracil (5-FU), adriamycin (ADM) and gemcitabine respectively, SW1990/FU, SW1990/ADM and SW1990/Gz, were tested for the cell cycle and radio-sensitivity with flow cytometry and clonogenic assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with SW1990, the cell cycle assay indicated higher G(0)/G(1) period percentage in SW1990/FU and SW1990/Gz, but the G(2)/M period percentage decreased; SW1990/FU had the same while SW1990/Gz had lower S period percentage. SW1990/ADM almost had a similar cell cycle with SW1990. Clonogenic assay showed both SW1990/FU and SW1990/Gz had greater survival fraction (SF(2)) than SW1990, but SW1990/ADM had seemingly similar SF(2) as SW1990.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Drug resistant pancreatic cancer cell lines have reduced G(2)/M period percentage and increased radioresistance.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Agents , Pharmacology , Cell Cycle , Cell Line, Tumor , Deoxycytidine , Pharmacology , Doxorubicin , Pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Genetics , Fluorouracil , Pharmacology , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Pathology , Radiation ToleranceABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-resistant pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC) cell strain, and to investigate its biological characteristics.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PAC cell strain SW1990 was selected into a multidrug-resistant cell strain stepwise with 5-FU, one of the most common drugs used in PAC chemotherapy, for 12 months and subsequently named SW1990/FU. The cell strain was characterized in terms of morphology, biology, and cross-resistance to adriamycin(ADM), mitomycin-C (MMC), and gemcitabine. BHLB/c-m nude mice tumor growth and CEA and CA19-9 levels were analyzed. In addition, karyotyping and FACS analysis were performed in SW1990/FU and SW1990.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The SW1990/FU cell strain was 132.7 times more resistant to 5-FU than the parental SW1990 cells, and exhibited cross-resistance to other agents. Compared to the parental cells, SW1990/FU cells exhibited a smaller growth rate, delayed cell-doubling time, and specific changes in chromosomes 18. Tumor diameters in multidrug resistance and parental cells inoculated in in vivo experiments were (1.5 +/- 0.30) cm and (0.8 +/- 0.15) cm, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Morphological adaptation and intracellular changes can be induced by drug challenge in PAC cells. SW1990/FU may be used as an experimental system for the search to overcome drug resistance and to elucidate possible mechanisms of acquired drug resistance in human pancreatic cancer.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Mice , Adenocarcinoma , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic , Pharmacology , Cell Cycle , Cell Line, Tumor , Drug Resistance, Neoplasm , Genetics , Fluorouracil , Pharmacology , Mice, Nude , Pancreatic Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , PathologyABSTRACT
A novel multi-components microcapsule--SA/CS-CaCl2/PMCG system was introduced. The effects of PMCG and SA/CS-CaCl2/PMCG microcapsules on the growth of free E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied respectively. In addition, the growth of immobilized E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were also investigated. The results showed that: Just like other synthetic polycations, PMCG above certain concentration (0.5%) strongly inhibited the growth of free E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but SA/CS-CaCl2/PMCG microcapsules almost had no effects on their growth and on the consumption of glucose concentration by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. What's more, immobilized E. coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae grew almost as normally as free cultivation. As a whole, SA/CS-CaCl2/PMCG microcapsules had good biocompatiability and can be used as a new immobilization system.