ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with spermatozoa from different sources.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We retrospectively studied the rates of fertilization, clinical pregnancy, implantation, abortion, ectopic pregnancy and delivery in 682 patients treated by ICSI, who were divided according to the sperm sources into an ejaculated sperm group (ES, n = 598), a percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA, n = 58) and a testicular sperm extraction (TSE, n = 26).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fertilization rate was significantly lower in the TSE than in the ES and PESA groups (81.06% vs 87.95% and 87.82%, P < 0.05). But no statistically significant differences were observed among the ES, PESA and TSE groups in the rates of clinical pregnancy (39.46%, 48.28% and 34.62%), implantation (19.80%, 23.80% and 18.34%), abortion (13.13%, 17.86% and 11.11%), ectopic pregnancy (5.51%, 7.14% and 11.11%) and delivery (32.11%, 36.21% and 26.92%) (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Although TSE-obtained sperm affect the rate of fertilization, those obtained by TSE and PESA do not obviously influence the outcome of clinical pregnancy.</p>