Tolerance engineering regulates stress resistance of microbial cell factory / 生物工程学报

The production efficiency of microbial cell factory is determined by the growth performance, product synthetic capacity, and stress resistance of the strain. Strengthening the stress resistance is the key point to improve the production efficiency of microbial cell factory. Tolerance engineering is based on the response mechanism of microbial cell factory to resist stress. Specifically, it consolidates the cell wall-cell membrane barrier to enhance the defense against stress, accelerates the stress response to improve the damage repair, and creates tolerance evolutionary tools to screen industrial microorganisms with enhanced robustness. We summarize the regulation strategies and forecast the prospects of tolerance engineering, which plays an important role in the microbial cell factories for sustainable production of natural products and bulk chemicals.

Research on the Strategies for Personal Information Protection in the Period of Normalization of Epidemic Prevention and Control / 中国医学伦理学

By analyzing the theoretical basis of safeguarding citizens’ personal information right during the normalization period of epidemic prevention and control, this paper concluded that there are some problems in personal information, such as solidified collection and utilization mode, low degree of management systematization, imperfect processing technology and narrow application scope, low degree of data value development and high risk coefficient. Further combined with China’s current epidemic prevention mode and social governance characteristics, this paper put forward the idea of innovating data hierarchical management and implementing the sharing mode in the industry to reduce the number of information circulation, trace the source, strengthen data desensitization technology and broaden its application scope, make rational use of personal information and appropriately develop its commercial use to increase its utilization efficiency.

Preparation of Co-amorphous Curcumin-tryptophan and Its Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To prepare Co-amorphous curcumin （CUR）-tryptophan （TRY） （Co-amorphous CUR-TRY）， and to study its pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats. METHODS： Co-amorphous CUR-TRY was prepared by ball milling method. differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and powder X-ray diffraction （XRD） were used to characterize Co-amorphous CUR-TRY. The in vitro dissolution rate （dissolution） of Co-amorphous CUR-TRY， CUR and CUR-TRY physical mixture were compared under sink condition and non-sink condition. 18 SD rats were selected and randomly divided into Co-amorphous CUR-TRY group （155.43 mg/kg）， CUR raw material group （100 mg/kg）， CUR-TRY physical mixture group （155.43 mg/kg）， with 6 rats in each group. They were given relevant medicine intragastrically once. Each blood samples 0.3 mL were collected from orbital venous plexus 0.167， 0.33， 0.5， 0.75， 1， 1.5， 2， 4， 6， 8， 10， 12， 24 h after medication. UPLC-MS/MS was used to determine plasma concentration of CUR in rats. The pharmacokinetic study was performed by using DAS 3.0 software. RESULTS： DSC and XRD showed that Co-amorphous CUR-TRY was successfully prepared. Under sink condition （120 min）， compared with CUR raw material [cumulative dissolution rate of CUR is （36.79±3.79）％] and CUR-TRY physical mixture [cumulative dissolution rate of CUR is （33.12±0.68）％]， cumulative dissolution rate of CUR in Co-amorphous CUR-TRY （90.37±2.52）％ was improved significantly （P＜0.01）. Under non-sink condition， compared with CUR raw material and CUR-TRY physical mixture， CUR of Co-amorphous CUR-TRY exhibited  dissolution and maintained supersaturation for a long time. Pharmacokinetic study showed that compared with CUR raw material group and CUR-TRY physical mixture group， cmax， AUC0-24 h and AUC0-∞ were increased significantly in Co-amorphous CUR-TRY group （P＜0.01）； Relative bioavailability of CUR  was improved by 2.14 and 1.86 fold （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS：Prepared Co-amorphous CUR-TRY can effectively improve in vitro dissolution and in vivo bioavailability in rats of CUR.

Design and practice of the implementation of WTBL in core curriculum group of clinical medicine speciality / 中华医学教育探索杂志

We integrate web-based learning with team based learning,which is called WTBL method (Web-based and team-based Learning). WTBL method is constructed and applied to the teaching practice of core curriculum group courses of clinical medicine. We build some small private online courses. The students can preview online and do the case discussions by teamwork in class. The application of WTBL teaching method has realized the flipping of classroom, and helps to enhance students' self-learning ability and teamwork ability.

Correlations between illness uncertainty and social support of family members of elder patients with colostomy / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the illness uncertainty state of the family members of elder patients with colostomy,explore their correlation with social support.Methods A total of 138 family members of elder patients with colostomy in two hospitals from September 2013 to November 2014 were recruited in this study.The General Information Questionnaire,Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale-Family Member Form (MUIS-FM) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to investigate the family members of elder patients with colostomy and analyse the correlation between illness uncertainty of family members and its influencing factors and social support.Results The average total score of illness uncertainty was (72.17±9.44) scores.There was significantly different of the family members of elder patients with colostomy in total uncertainty on degree of education,the relationship with patient,stoma nature and economic conditions (P＜0.05).The average total score of social support was (37.14±5.25) scores.The level of illness uncertainty was negatively associated with social support (r=-0.526,P＜0.01).Conclusions The illness uncertainty was mostly in higher levels in the family members of elder patients with colostomy and was negatively correlated with social support.Clinical practice should improve social support of family members to relieve illness uncertainty,so as to provide better services of family and promote physical and psychological rehabilitation of patients.

Nutritional status of children during and post-global economic crisis in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To describe the impact of the global economic crisis on the nutritional status of children in China during and after the crisis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data from 1990 to 2010 were sourced from the National Food and Nutrition Surveillance System. Approximately 16 000 children under 5 years old were selected using a stratified random cluster method from 40 surveillance sites. Anthropometric and hemoglobin measurements for children under 5 were conducted. Nutritional status was determined according to WHO child growth standards.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Prevalence of underweight and stunting in children under 5 had a downward trend. Underweight prevalence was close to normal (less than 5%), with prevalence of stunting 12.6% in 2009 and 12.1% in 2010 in rural areas. Prevalence of stunting in infants under 6 months and 6-12 months old in poorer rural areas increased from 5.7%-9.1% and 6.7%-12.5%, respectively, in 2008-2009. This trend also continued post-crisis in 2010. Prevalence of stunting in children left behind by mothers was 20%-30% higher than in children the same age in general and poorer rural areas. Prevalence of anemia in children did not change in rural areas, but prevalence of anemia in all age groups increased in poorer rural areas, especially in children under 24 months old. Level reached 30%-40% in 2009, and fluctuated in 2010.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The nutritional status of children under 5 was comparatively stable during and after the global economic crisis, attributable to the Chinese government's policy response. The nutritional status in poorer rural areas fluctuated in response to the economic crisis and, thus, relevant action and intervention must be taken immediately to help the most vulnerable population in poorer rural areas. A proper national nutritional strategy for children under 2 years old, including nutrition supplementation for pregnant women and in-home fortification for complementary feeding, should be initiated.</p>

Study to treatment effect of clinical useful method about diabetie neurogenic blader / 中国基层医药

Objective The study about comparison of the used treatments,to identify the best clinical treat-ment of diabetic neurogenie bladder.Methods 120 in-patients or out-patients with type 2 diabetes ale randomly di-vided into four groups.On the basis ofthe combined treatment,3 groups of A,B and C are given vitamin B12,B and C group are added respectively cisapride or neostigmine,D group are given methycobal.Results Before and after con-trast,the effects of four groups ale significant,but the effects of B,C and D group ale early and very significant;inter-group differences in contrast,between B,C,D group and A group is significant;between B,C and A group is signifi-cant;between B and C group is no significant.Conclusion The effect of neostigmine or cisapride and vitamin jointly can signifiCalltly reduce tlle DNB patients'residual urine in bladder and urinary retention.the effect is better than a simple application of vitamin or mecobalamin;For DNB milds,as appropriate,can use the treatment of mecobalamin.

Effect of the levels of serum gonadal hormone and plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide on the hot flushes symptom of perimenopausal women / 中国综合临床

Objective To study the effect of the levels of serum gonadal hormone and plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) on the hot flushes symptom of perimenopausal women. Methods 65 perimenopausal women (35 with hot flushes and 30 without hot flushes) and 25 healthy fertile women were enrolled. The subjects were analyzed for serum estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ,luteinizing hormone (LH) and plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Results. ① There were no significant differences of the E2 levels between the perimenopausal women with and without hot flushes (P>0.05). The levels of FSH and LH were significantly higher in the women with hot flushes than women without hot flushes and fertile women(P<0.05),② The levels of plasma CGRP were significantly higher in the women with hot flushes than women without hot flushes (P<0.05), and significantly lower than fertile women,③The levels of plasma CGRP were significantly higher in severe hot flu-shes group than that in the mild hot flushes group and moderate hot flushes group(P<0.05), the severity of hot flu-shes was positively related to the level of plasma CGRP(rs=0.823, P<0.01), but there was no relationship be-tween serum E2 and the severity of hot flushes (P>0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of perimenopansal hot flu-shes might be closely related to the decline and fluctuation of serum E2,increase of FSH and LH and the concentra-tion variety of plasma CGRP.

Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Three Drugs for Patients with Hypertension / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To compare the curative effects and pharmacoeconomical efficacy of three drugs in the treatment of patients with hypertension.METHODS:A total of 90 patients with hypertension were randomly divided into three groups:30(Group A) were treated with enalapril,30(Group B) with groLosartan,and 30(Group C) with metoprolol,all with a treatment course of 6wk.The clinical effects were observed and the cost-effectiveness analysis was conducted among the three schemes. RESULTS:The total effective rates of the 3 groups (A,B,and C) were 93.1%,96.7%,and 83.3%,respectively;the incidence rates of ADR were 10.3%,10.0%,and 16.7%,respectively;the cost-effectiveness ratios were 77.39,338.78,and 180.40,respectively;The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of Group B and C were 7 098.61 and —798.16,respectively as against Group A.CONCLUSION:Group A(enalapril) treatment programs is a more reasonable drug program.