ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of the second renal transplantation on sexual function.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty kidney graft recipients, including 29 cases of the second renal transplantation and 1 case of simultaneous dual kidney transplantation, responded to the questionnaire. The penis cavernosal artery flow of these patients were examined by color doppler ultrasonography. Of the 30 recipients, 9 underwent bilateral kidney transplantation with their bilateral external iliac arteries anastomosed to the donors' renal arteries (Group A), 10 recipients with their unilateral external iliac arteries and the other internal iliac arteries anastomosed to the donors' renal arteries (Group B), the other 10 with their internal iliac arteries anastomosed to the donors' renal arteries (Group C).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight recipients of Group A, 7 of Group B, and 5 of Group C were restored to normal sexual function 6 months after kidney transplantation. The peak systole velocity (PSV) in Group C was slower than in Groups A and B.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Kidney transplantation with the second internal iliac arteries anastomosed to donors' renal arteries may affect the sexual function of the recipients, but some might enjoy satisfactory sexual life some time after the establishment of lateral branch circulation.</p>