Epidemiology of injury and risk factors among adults in Guizhou province, 2010 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the epidemiologic characteristics of injury among adults in Guizhou province.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 9 280 residents aged ≥ 18 years selected though multistage cluster random sampling in Guizhou to collect the information about their demographic characteristics and incidence data of injury.Logistic regression analysis was done to identify the risk factors.Results The incidence of injury was 3.5％ in the adults surveyed (3.6％ in males,3.4％ in females).The incidences of injury in both urban area and rural area were same (3.5％).The incidence of injury was 3.9％ in age group 18-44 years,2.7％ in age group 45-59 years,and 3.5％ in age group ≥60 years,the differences among different age groups were statistically significant (x2=7.949,P=0.019).The top three injury causes were fall (35.0％),road traffic accident (20.0％) and animal bite (19.2％).The top three injury causes in the elderly were fall (59.3％),animal bite (22.0％) and sharp instrument cut (10.2％).Among the elderly,the incidence of road traffic injury was higher in males (1.1％) than in females (0.3％),the difference was statistically significant (x2=18.156,P=0.000).The incidence of fall in urban area (1.6％) was higher than that in rural area (1.1％),the difference was statistically significant (x2=4.616,P=0.032).Drinking and drunk driving,fatigue driving,smoking and gender were the influencing factors for injury.Conclusion Injury related high risk behaviors were common in adults in Guizhou,it is necessary to develop effective intervention measures to prevent injury.

Prevalence and associated risk factors of diabetes among ethnic Han residents in Guizhou / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the fast plasma glucose (FPG) level and the epidemiologic characteristics of diabetes in ethnic Han residents of Guizhou province.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The survey was conducted among the ethnic Han residents aged 20-80 years, who were selected through multi stage cluster sampling in Guizhou. Basic laboratory test, physical examination were performed for each subject.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 2 967 subjects were surveyed. The average FPG level was 5.21 mmol/L for urban residents and 5.03 mmol/L for rural residents, (P<0.001) and the average FPG level was higher in males than in females (5.23 mmol/L vs. 5.09 mmol/L, P=0.003). The FPG level increased with age (P<0.001). In urban residents, the standardized prevalence of diabetes was 6.01% (crude prevalence: 7.45%), higher in males than in females (P<0.001) and increased with age. In rural residents, the standardized prevalence of diabetes was 3.47% (crude prevalence: 3.77%) and increased with age, but there was no sex specific difference in diabetes prevalence. The awareness rate of self diabetes status was 56.59%, the treatment rate was 84.47% and the plasma glucose control rate was 41.38%. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that risk factors for diabetes included being male, older than 40 years, family history of diabetes, frequent physical exercise, hypertension, high triglycerid level.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of diabetes was high in ethnic Han residents in Guizhou, the differences in diabetes prevalence between urban area and rural area was statistical significant. More than half of the patients' FPG level had not been under control after treatment. The awareness rate of self diabetes status, the treatment rate and the control rate of diabetes should be improved.</p>

Clinical study on mesial temporal lobe epilepsy monitored by stereotactic implantation of depth electrode into hippocampus / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To observe the effects of stereotactic implanting depth electrode into the hippocampus on monitoring mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Methods Thirteen patients with pharmacoresistant epilepsy were included in the present study.The epilcptogenic zone might be located in the hippocampus based on the symptoms and MRI data.Eight-contact depth electrode was implanted into the patients' hippocampus by stereotactic procedures to record the electroencephalogram(EEG).The duration of monitoring lasted for 24-72 hours or more,so as to be sure if the epileptogenic zone was located in the hippocampus,and to provide evidences for surgical resection of epileptic focus.Results Thirteen patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy underwent video electroencephalogram monitoring for 72 hours.Twentynine epileptic seizures in 7 patients were detected.Ictal EEG changes manifested as paroxysmal slow wave or spike and slow waves on the background.The epileptiform discharges started from some electrode points,and then propagated to others or the contralateral electrode. After 1-2 seconds of delay,high amplitude slow waves with the frequency of 3-4 Hz were observed on the ipsilateral scalp EEG. Clinical epileptic seizures were not detected in 6 patients during monitoring,depth electrode showed paroxysmal focal high amplitude slow wave or spike and sharp waves,scalp EEG did not find abnormality.Six of thirteen patients received surgical resection of epileptic foci,the outcome during follow-up of 3-8 months was satisfactory.Conclusions To record hippocampal EEG in patients with intractable epilepsy by stereotactic implanting depth electrode into the hippocampus might be a safe and reliable method.It might provide strong evidences for the diagnosis of patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy,and for the location of epilcptogenic zone.