ABSTRACT
Gap junctions are specialized transmembrane channels that enable the direct exchange of materials and transfer chemical or electrical signaling between adjacent cells, thus maintaining cellular homeostasis. In the nervous system, gap junction chan-nels not only mediate intercellular coupling between neurons and between glial cells, but also can be involved in secondary dam-age under pathological conditions. Recently, some studies have shown that gap junctions play an important role in neuropathic pain caused by nervous system damage. Research on the role of gap junctions in neuropathic pain can contribute to a deeper un-derstanding of the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain, providing a new research direction for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
ABSTRACT
Objective To assess the efficacy of recoil of inflating syringe plunger in limiting laryngeal mask airway (LMA) cuff pressure.Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 22-64 yr with body mass index of 18-30 kg/m2 undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia with LMA were enrolled in this study.LMA Supreme (Laryngeal Mask Co.Singapore) size # 3 (for patients with body weight ≤50 kg) or # 4 (for patients with body weight ＞ 50 kg) was placed after induction of anesthesia.Correct position of LMA was confirmed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy.The LMA cuff was inflated to 60,80,100 and 120 cm H2O step by step using a 20 ml-syringe.The cuff pressure was measured with a monometer through a 3-way stopcock and maintained at each level for 10 seconds.The plunger was then allowed to recoil.The cuff pressure at the end of recoil (residual cuff pressure) was recorded.The patients were mechanically ventilated.The inspiratory pressure was limited to 30 cm H2 O.The airway pressure at which the air started to leak between LMA and larynx (leak pressure-Pleak) was recorded.Results The residual cuff pressure following the 4 inflating pressures was all ＜ 60 cm H2 O.The Pleak was ＞20 cm H2O.There was no significant difference in residual cuff pressure and Pleak between size # 3 and # 4.Conclusion Recoil of inflating syringe plunger can limit LMA pressure to safe level.
ABSTRACT
The biological mineralization,which widely occurs in the nature.is a biological mineralization process.The remarkable characteristic of biological mineralization is that organic substances play template function for the inorganic materials formation.The resulted inorganic materials have definite shape.size and texture;it is well-known that biominerals are distinguished by a complexity of form well-suited to their functions.The formation of inorganic materials with special structure and properties is controlled by organic templates through biomimetic synthesis.Polymer iS one of the most applicable organic templates which control the nucleation,growth,and alignment of inorganic particles to produce Organic,inorganic hybrids with multistep architecture,special morphology and good properties in mild conditions. The progress of polymer application in biomimetic syntIlesis is reviewed.Problems and a perspective in this research field are alSO discussed
ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate the feasibility of early reversal of vecuronium with neostigmine. METHODS: 48 patients (ASA class I or II) scheduled for elective surgery undergoing general anaethesia were randomly assigned to vecuronium group (n=16) and vecuronium+ neostigmine group (n=32). Furthermore, the latter was divided into two groups according to the time of reversal. In vecuronium+ neostigmine group 1, the patients received neostigmine antagonization within 10 min after vecuronium administration,and in vecuronium+neostigmine group 2, time of reversal within 11-30 min after vecuronium administration. All patients received vecuronium 1.5 mg?kg -1 after general anesthesia. Neostigmine 0.05 mg?kg -1 +atropine 0.5 - 1.0 mg+saline 8 ml was administered to vecuronium+ neostigmine group and recovery was compared with that of vecuronium patients who received 8 ml saline. The time from vecuronium administration to recovery of?TOF? 0.25 ?and? 0.7 ?was recorded.?RESULTS: In vecuronium group, the recovery time to TOF 0.25 and 0.7 was ( 45.58 ? 8.88 ) min, and ( 67.59 ? 5.60 ) min, respectirely; in vecuronium+ neostigmine group 1,it was ( 23.45 ? 2.82 ) min, and ( 31.86 ? 3.36 ) min, respectirely; and in vecuronium+neostigmine group 2, it was ( 28.70 ? 4.13 ) min,and ( 38.86 ? 2.10 ) min, respectirely. The recovery time in vecuronium+neostigmine group was evidently shorter than that in vecuronium group (P