Peptide P3 ameliorates foam cell formation in RAW264.7 cells and its molecular mechanisms / 中国药理学通报

Aim To examine the effect of peptide P3 on lipid accumulation in RAW264.7 cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. Methods MTT method was used to screen the concentration of peptide P3 and oxidized low density lipoprotein(ox-LDL),and RAW.264.7 cells were induced to form foam cells by ox-LDL with 80 mg·L

Medication rule and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating metabolism-associated fatty liver disease based on bioinformatics technology / 数字中医药（英文）

@#[Objective[ To analyze the main syndrome types, medication rules, and core prescription characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and to predict the anti-MAFLD mechanism of core formula, so as to provide references for the clinical application of TCM and the development of new drugs. [Methods] Literature research on TCM in treating MAFLD was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database since the establishment of the database to July 2022. Excel 2019 and Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform (V3.0) were used for frequency analysis, association rule analysis, and cluster analysis of effective prescriptions. The key components, targets, and action pathways of anti-MAFLD core formulas were predicted by network pharmacology. Finally, the interactions between the obtained core components and their core targets were verified reversely by molecular docking technology. [Results] A total of 218 articles were screened and selected, including 352 prescriptions, involving 270 traditional Chinese herbs. The drugs were used a total of 3 901 times, and a total of 10 915 cases were collected, among which the prevalence rate was higher in males. The main types of TCM syndrome included intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome, and damp-heat in liver and gallbladder syndrome, among which Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) were the most frequently used. The properties of Chinese medicine primarily encompassed thermal characteristics, with a predominant emphasis on cold and warm; the flavors of herbs were predominantly characterized by bitterness and sweetness, while the majority exhibited tropism towards the spleen and liver meridians. The drugs were primarily classified based on their efficacy in tonifying deficiencies, promoting diuresis and moistening, enhancing blood circulation and removing blood stasisheat-clearing, etc. The association rules were employed to derive a set of 20 core drug pairs, while cluster analysis was utilized to identify three distinct groups of core drug combinations. Network pharmacological showed that the main components of the core formula “Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus) - Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) - Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) - Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) - Fuling (Poria)” in the treatment of MAFLD were quercetin, apigenin, puerarin, luteolin, ursolic acid, kaempferol, tanshinone IIA, emodin, paeonol, etc., which involved RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (AKT1), cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma (PPARG), and other key targets. The molecular docking results showed that the core components had good binding to lipid and atherosclerosis, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway-associated proteins. [Conclusion] The main principles of TCM for the treatment of MAFLD involve soothing the liver and strengthening the spleen, eliminating phlegm and dampness, clearing heat and dampness, as well as promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. The core formula may exert anti-MAFLD effects mediated through multiple components, targets, and signaling pathways. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of TCM in the treatment of MAFLD, and serves as a reference for further exploration of new drugs against MAFLD.

Clinical Analysis of Bloodstream Infection after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical characteristics of bloodstream infection (BSI) in patients treated by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).@*METHODS@#The clinical characteristics, distribution of pathogenic bacteria causing BSI and drug sensitivity of 910 patients treated by HSCT in our department from January 2013 to June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among 910 HSCT patients, 111 patients were diagnosed as BSI within 100 days after transplantation, and 98 patients showed BSI during the period of agranulocytosis. Multivariate analysis showed that the usage of anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), long duration of agranulocytosis and low infusion volume of mononuclear cell (MNC) were the independent risk factors affecting BSI after HSCT. Among 121 pathogenic bacteria isolated, 76 Gram-negative (G-) bacteria (62.8%), 40 Gram-positive (G+) bacteria (33.0%), and 5 fungi (4.1%) were detected out. The top three pathogens were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The drug-resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to carbapenems was 14.3% and 7.7%, respectively, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was 66.7%. The susceptibility of G+ bacteria to vancomycin, linezolid and teicoplanin was 97.5%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The crude mortality rate of the patients with BSI at 100 days after HSCT was significantly higher than that of patients without BSI (P<0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#The usage of ATG, long duration of agranulocytosis and low infusion volume of MNC are independent risk factors for BSI after HSCT. The pathogens after HSCT are mainly G- bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is highly resistant to carbapenems. Key words　　;

PD-1/PD-L1 expression and its interaction with interferon-γ in Toxoplasma gondii-infected mice at middle and late pregnancy / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To explore the dynamic expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand PD-L1 at the maternal-fetal interface of mice post-infection with Toxoplasma gondii at early pregnancy and examine its interaction with interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Methods A total of 20 mice at day 0 of pregnancy were randomly assigned into 4 groups, including the 12-day pregnancy control group (12 dpn group), 12-day pregnancy and infection group (12 dpi group), 18-day pregnancy control group (18 dpn group) and 18-day pregnancy and infection group (18 dpi group), respectively. On the 6th day of the pregnancy, mice in the 12 dpi and 18 dpi groups were injected intraperitoneally with 150 tachyzoites of the T. gondii PRU strain, while mice in the 12 dpn and 18 dpn groups were injected with the same volume of PBS. All mice in the four groups were sacrificed on 12th and 18th day of the pregnancy, and the number of placenta and fetus was counted and the weight of placenta and fetus was measured. Then, the placental and uterine tissues of the pregnant mice in each group were sampled for pathological examinations. The mRNA expression of PD-1, PD-L1, T. gondii surface antigen SAG-1 and IFN-γ genes was quantified using a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) assay, and the correlation between PD-1 and IFN-γ expression was examined. In addition, the 12 dpn group, 12 dpi group, 18 dpn group, 18 dpi group, PBS negative control of the 12 pdi group and PBS negative control of the 18 dpi group were assigned, and the PD-1 expression was determined in the uterine and placenta tissues of the pregnant mice. Results Adverse pregnant outcomes were seen in mice in the 12 dpi and 18 dpi groups, including placental dysplasia and fetal maldevelopment, and the placental weights and fetal body weights were significantly lower in mice in the 12 dpi and 18 dpi groups than those in the 12 dpn and 18 dpn groups (t = 5.52, 11.44, 12.63 and 11.67, all P < 0.01). The histopathological examinations showed that the decidua and junctional regions of the placental tissues were loosely connected in the 12 dpi and 18 dpi groups, and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration and congestion were seen in the placental and uterine tissues. qPCR assay detected significant differences in PD-1, PD-L1, IFN-γ and SAG-1 expression in the placental and uterine tissues among the 12 dpn, 12 dpi, 18 dpn and 18 dpi groups (F = 22.48, 51.23, 9.61, 47.49, 16.08, 21.52, 28.66 and 238.90, all P < 0.05), and the PD-1, PD - L1, IFN - γ and SAG - 1 expression was all significantly higher in the placental and uterine tissues of mice in the 12 dpi group than in the 12 dpn group (all P values < 0.05). The PD-1 and PD-L1 expression was significantly lower in the placental tissues of mice in the 18 dpi group than in the 18 dpn group (all P values < 0.05), and the IFN-γ and SAG-1 expression was significantly higher in the placental and uterine tissues of mice in the 18 dpi group than in the 18 dpn group (all P values < 0.05), while the PD-1 and PD-L1 expression was significantly lower in the placental and uterine tissues of mice in the 18 dpi group than in the 12 dpi group (all P values < 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed PD-1 expression in the inflammatory cells of the placental tissues of mice in the 12 dpi group, and no apparent PD-1 expression in the 18 dpi group, while strongly positive PD-1 expression was found in the uterine epithelium of mice in the 12 dpi group, and mildly strong expression was in the 18 dpi group. In addition, the IFN-γ mRNA expression was positively correlated with the PD-1 mRNA expression in placental (rs = 0.99, P < 0.01) and uterine tissues of mice in the 12 dpi group (rs = 0.97, P < 0.01) and in placental (rs = 0.82, P < 0.01) and uterine tissues of mice in the 18 dpi group (rs = 0.81, P < 0.01). Conclusions Following T. gondii infection at early pregnancy, the PD-1 and PD-L1 expression shows a remarkable rise at middle pregnancy and a reduction at late pregnancy in placental and uterine tissues of mice, which appears the same tendency with IFN-γ expression during the same time period, and PD-1 expression positively correlates with IFN-γ expression. The dynamic expression of PD-1 and PD-L1 on the maternal-fetal interface of mice may be mutually mediated by IFN-γ induced by T. gondii infection.

Study on the mechanisms of the intestinal tight-junction destruction caused by Blastocystis hominis infection in rats / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To explore the mechanism of the intestinal barrier damage caused by Blastocystis hominis infections in rats. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, and the 1-, 3-, 6- and 9-week-infection groups, of 6 rats in each group. Rats in each infection group were orally infected with B. hominis trophozoites at a density of 2 × 108 parasites per rat, and the control group was given an equal volume of phosphate buffered saline solution. The 7-hour urine samples were collected 1, 3, 6 and 9 weeks post-infection for the measurement of the intestinal permeability. Then, rats were sacrificed using the cervical dislocation method, and the cecum specimens were collected for the detection of the intestinal epithelial cell permeability. The expression of tight junction-related Occludin and Claudin - 1 genes and apoptosis-related Bcl - 2 and Bax genes was quantified in cecum epithelial cells using the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, and cell apoptosis was detected in the rat cecum using the TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Results The median urinary lactolose to mannitol ratios were 0.29, 0.72, 0.44, 0.46 and 0.38 in the control group, and the 1-, 3-, 6- and 9-week-infection groups, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (H = 12.09, P < 0.05). B. hominis invasion and epithelial injury were observed in intestinal epithelial cells of rats infected with B. hominis, and transmission electron microscopy displayed the destruction of tight junctions between intestinal epithelial cells. The relative expression of Occludin, Claudin-1, Bcl-2 and Bax genes was 1.04, 0.62, 0.71, 0.68 and 0.96; 1.03, 0.61, 0.63, 0.76 and 0.86; 1.08, 0.70, 0.75, 0.74 and 1.03; and 1.00, 1.57, 1.33, 1.35 and 1.10 in the control group and the 1-, 3-, 6- and 9-week-infection groups, respectively, and all differences were statistically significant (F = 2.86, 2.85, 3.37 and 4.45, all P values < 0.05). The median number of positive staining cells were 1.00, 13.00, 9.00, 3.50 and 1.00 in rat cecum specimens in the control group, and the 1-, 3-, 6- and 9-week-infection groups, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (H = 22.95, P < 0.01). Conclusion B. hominis infection may cause an increase in the rat intestinal permeability through triggering the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells to destroy the tight junction between intestinal epithelial cells, thereby destroying the intestinal barrier function.

Value of chitinase-like protein YKL-40 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for predicting refractory / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the value of chitinase-like protein YKL-40 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for predicting refractory @*METHODS@#A total of 50 children with common @*RESULTS@#Compared with the common MPP group, the RMPP group had significantly higher incidence rates of fever, shortness of breath, lung consolidation, and pleural effusion (@*CONCLUSIONS@#There is an increase in the level of YKL-40 in BALF in children with RMPP, and the level of YKL-40 in BALF has a certain value for predicting RMPP.

Clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with primary cardiac angiosarcoma / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical, cardiac imaging characteristics and prognosis of patients with primary cardiac angiosarcoma. Methods: The clinical data of 14 patients hospitalized with primary cardiac angiosarcoma from January 2001 to December 2017 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital were collected and analyzed. Metastatic cardiac angiosarcoma was not included in this study. Patients were followed up post discharge per telephone call or clinical visit. Results: Of the 14 patients, 8 were males and 6 were females, average age was 48 years. The main clinical symptoms were shortness of breath (8/14), hemoptysis (6/14), fever (5/14), chest pain (4/14) and cough (3/14). Imaging examinations showed that the tumors of 8 patients were located in the right heart and 6 in the pericardial cavity. Tumors in the right heart often infiltrate the atrial wall and cause pericardial effusion (7/8). Tumors in the pericardium were characterized by recurrent bloody pericardial effusion (6/6), prone to progressive constrictive pericarditis (3/6), pericardial fluid cytology was often negative (6/6). MRI showed heterogeneous high signal intensity (cauliflower aspect) on T2-weighted image and heterogeneous enhancement with a"sunray" aspect at the perfusion study. At the time of diagnosis, 8 patients developed lung or adrenal metastasis (8/14). The median survival was only 305 days. Conclusions: Primary cardiac angiosarcoma is a rare disease with non-specific clinical manifestation and poor prognosis. Imaging examinations may help diagnosis. The high invasiveness and the easy-to-metastasis feature of the tumor contribute to the poor prognosis of cardiac angiosarcoma.

Mechanisms and Therapeutic Effects of Human Olfactory Mucosa-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Mice / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】 To study the mechanisms and therapeutic effects of human olfactory mucosa-derived mesenchymal stem cells（OMSC）on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis（EAE）in mice.【Methods】Under local anesthesia by using nasal endoscopy，olfactory epithelia of healthy donors were obtained，digested and cultured up to the 5th passage. OMSC were identified，differentiated and stained. EAE models were induced in C57 female mice by myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein（MOG35- 55）and pertussis toxin（PT）. Neurological function was documented daily. On day 16 after immunization（peak of incidence），the mice were divided randomly into two groups and treated with OMSC and PBS via tail vein injection respectively. On day 24 after immunization ，blood was collected from angular vein and levels of IL-10，IL-17，IFN-γ and IL-6 were determined by cytometric beads array（CBA）. The size of the spinal cord lesion in mice was observed and measured by using HE and LFB staining. Peripheral blood lymphocytes（PBL）of healthy donors were obtained and then co-cultured with OMSC. The proportions of CD4+ T cells secreting IFN- γ（Th1 cells）in lymphocyte group and co-culture group were compared after 2 days of cultivation. Adding IDO or COX pathway inhibitor to co- culture group and cultivating for 2 days，we observed and compared the proportions of Th1 cells in lymphocyte group，co-culture group and inhibitor treatment group respectively.【Results】OMSC exhibited certain mesenchymal stem cell-like characteristics with respect to expression of stem cell surface markers and multilineage differentiation potentials. After induced by MOG35- 55 and PT，EAE models showed different levels of neurological damage. Compared with those in PBS treatment group，in OMSC treatment group，the severity of neural dysfunction in mice was significantly reduced（P =0.002），the level of IFN-γ in serum was lower（P = 0.032），but no significant differences in the levels of IL-10，IL-17 and IL-6 were found between two groups. HE and LFB staining revealed that the inflammatory infiltration and demyelinating areas in OMSC treatment group were less than those in PBS treatment group. The proportion of Th1 cells was lower in co-culture group than that in lymphocyte group（P = 0.001），higher in IDO inhibitor group than that in co-culture group（P = 0.01），but no significant difference was found between IDO inhibitor group and lymphocyte group or between COX inhibitor group and co-culture group.【Conclusions】OMSC may regulate the proportion of Th1 lymphocytes through IDO pathway so as to inhibit the demyelinating injuries of EAE in mice. This study provides a new idea for the clinical treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Pancreatic lipase inhibitory constituents from Fructus Psoraleae / 中国天然药物

Pancreatic lipase (PL), a crucial enzyme in the digestive system of mammals, has been proven as a therapeutic target to prevent and treat obesity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate and characterize the PL inhibition activities of the major constituents from Fructus Psoraleae (FP), one of the most frequently used Chinese herbs with lipid-lowering activity. To this end, a total of eleven major constituents isolated from Fructus Psoraleae have been obtained and their inhibition potentials against PL have been assayed by a fluorescence-based assay. Among all tested compounds, isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A displayed strong inhibition on PL (IC < 10 μmol·L). Inhibition kinetic analyses demonstrated that isobavachalcone, bavachalcone and corylifol A acted as mixed inhibitors against PL-mediated 4-methylumbelliferyl oleate (4-MUO) hydrolysis, with the K values of 1.61, 3.77 and 10.16 μmol·L, respectively. Furthermore, docking simulations indicated that two chalcones (isobavachalcone and bavachalcone) could interact with the key residues located in the catalytic cavity of PL via hydrogen binding and hydrophobic interactions. Collectively, these finding provided solid evidence to support that Fructus Psoraleae contained bioactive compounds with lipid-lowering effects via targeting PL, and also suggested that the chalcones in Fructus Psoraleae could be used as ideal leading compounds to develop novel PL inhibitors.

Novel coronavirus pneumonia related liver injury: etiological analysis and treatment strategy / 中华肝脏病杂志

The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia(NCP) caused by 2019 novel coronavirus has become a global public health challenge. Some patients accompany with liver function damage in addition to the main typical respiratory symptom. Here we analyzed the clinical features, susceptible population, potential causes and therapeutic strategies of NCP related liver injury.

Application and Value of Fecal Calprotectin in Inflammatory Bowel Disease / 胃肠病学

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic nonspecific intestinal disease, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Colonoscopy and histopathology are the main diagnostic methods of IBD. Fecal biomarkers, especially fecal calprotectin (FC), can reflect the intestinal inflammation and having the advantage of non-invasive and easy for repetition, and can be used in the diagnosis, treatment, monitoring recurrence and predicting prognosis of IBD. This article reviewed the application and value of FC in IBD.

Association of YKL-40 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid with airway damage in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the association of YKL-40 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) with airway damage in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).@*METHODS@#A total of 60 children with MPP who were admitted to the hospital were enrolled as the MPP group, and 12 children with bronchial foreign bodies were enrolled as the control group. According to the imaging findings, the MPP group was further divided into 3 subgroups: pulmonary patchy shadow (n=34), pulmonary consolidation (n=19) and pulmonary ground-glass opacity (n=7). According to the bronchoscopic findings, the MPP group was further divided into 3 subgroups: mucosal congestion/edema (n=38), mucous secretion (n=18) and plastic bronchitis (n=4). The clinical manifestations and laboratory characteristics of the children with MPP were analyzed, the expression of YKL-40 in BALF was measured.@*RESULTS@#The MPP group had significantly higher levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase and BALF YKL-40 than the control group (P<0.05). The pulmonary consolidation subgroup had significantly higher levels of serum C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase than the pulmonary patchy shadow subgroup (P<0.05), and the pulmonary consolidation and pulmonary ground-glass opacity subgroups had a significantly higher level of BALF YKL-40 than the pulmonary patchy shadow subgroup (P<0.05). The plastic bronchitis subgroup had a significantly higher level of BALF YKL-40 than the mucous secretion and mucosal congestion/edema subgroups (P<0.05). The mucous secretion and plastic bronchitis subgroups had a significantly higher proportion of children with shortness of breath than the mucosal congestion/edema subgroup (P<0.05). The plastic bronchitis subgroup had significantly higher serum levels of C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase than the mucosal congestion/edema subgroup (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The level of BALF YKL-40 is associated with airway damage and disease severity in children with MPP.

Chemical constituents of Xylocarpus granatum / 中草药

Objective To study the chemical constituents of the fruits of Xylocarpus granatum. Methods The isolation and purification were carried out by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex, preparative TLC, and preparative HPLC. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified with the help of HR-ESI-MS, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, H-H COSY, HMQC and HMBC techniques. Results Seventeen compounds were isolated and elucidated from the fruits of X. granatum, their structures were identified as: grantumin C (1), cipadesin A (2), xylocarpin G (3), febrifugin (4), tigloylseneganolide A (5), khaysin T (6), cipadesin (7), granatumin B (8), xyloccensin S (9), granaxylocarpin C (10), xylogranatin E2 (11), xyloccensin Q (12), xyloccensin P (13), cedrodorin (14), xylorumphiins D (15), hydroxydammarenone-II (16), and bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (17). Conclusion Compounds 2, 7, 14, 16 and 17 are isolated from the plants of Xylocarpus Koenig for the first time. Compound 15 is obtained from X. granatum for the first time.

Effect of Autophagy on Homoharringtonine-treated K562 Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of homoharringtonine (HHT) alone or combined with 3-methyladenine (3-MA) , an autophagy inhibitor, on the apoptosis and autophagy of K562 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>K562 cells were treated with HHT(10 ng/ml) or HHT(10 ng/ml) combined with 3-MA (1.5 mmol/L) for 1 to 8 days. The apoptosis of treated cells was tested by means of flow cytometry(FCM), and the autophagy levels were tested with RT-PCR, Western blot and electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the early stage of HHT-treated group, the apoptosis rate increased and decreased later. Beclin1 mRNA expression level and the LC3II/I ratio were declined firstly and increased later in HHT group. While combining with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA, both the Beclin1 mRNA expression level and the LC3II/I ratio were declined continually during the treated period. The activated caspase-3 protein expression level was also raised sustainability during both HHT and 3-MA cultured period.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HHT can induce apoptosis of K562 cells, but the sustaining effect of HHT can induc autophagy of K562 cells, the combination of HHT with 3-MA may enhance the cytotoxicitic effect of HHT on K562 cells.</p>

Comparision of clinical effects between one-stage anterior and posterior approach in treating thoracolumbar tuberculosis with debridement and internal fixation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the outcomes of surgical operation by posterior or anterior approach only for thoracolumbar tuberculosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 97 patients with thoracolumbar tuberculosis underwent debridement and internal fixation from January 2005 to December 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The study included 59 males and 38 females, with a mean age of 53.7 years ranged from 20 to 68 years. The course of disease was from 1 to 13 months with an average of (6.9±2.3) months. Among these patients, 43 cases were treated through one-stage anterior approach (anterior approach group) and 54 cases were treated through posterior approach (posterior approach group). The clinical data and imaging data of 97 cases were analyzed, including the operation time, intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, postoperative hospitalization time, complications, visual analogue scale(VAS), Oswestry Disability Index(ODI), Frankle grade, bone fusion time, and corrective rate of Cobb angle.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Operation time, intraoperative and postoperative blood loss, postoperative hospitalization time, complication rate, and corrective rate of Cobb angle were(174.4±9.9) min, (885.0±95.7) ml, (103.2±11.5) ml, (15.1±0.7) d, 9.3%, (73.4±3.2)% in posterior group respectively, while in anterior approach group were(229.5±15.2) min, (1326.0±113.5) ml, (153.2±16.7) ml, (19.0±0.8) d, 16.3%, (62.3±2.5)%, respectively, and there was significant difference between two groups. There was no significant difference in graft bone fusion between two groups. Postoperative VAS, ODI, Frankel grade of all patients were obviously improved, but there was no significant difference between two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Thoracolumbar tuberculosis could be cured by one-stage anterior or posterior approach with debridement, bone grafting and internal fixation, but posterior approach has advantages of less trauma and better deformity correction.</p>

Application of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody and load index in the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) load and antibody measurements in the diagnosis of MP pneumonia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 115 children with MP pneumonia and 400 healthy children were enrolled. The MP load and total antibody level were measured at different stages, and the MP load index (MPLI) was calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cut-off value of MPLI for MP infection was 6.12. MPLI and total antibody titer increased during the course of the disease, while MP-DNA decreased rapidly. Within the same time of blood collection, the group with a higher MP load had a significantly higher total antibody titer than the group with a lower MP load (P<0.05). Within 2 weeks of the course of the disease, the negative antibody group had a significantly higher MPLI than the positive antibody group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MPLI provides a standardized quantitative value of MP-DNA and plays an important role in the early diagnosis of MP infection.</p>

Significance of Morphological Examination, Cytochemical Staining Combined with Bone Marrow Biopsy in Differential Diagnosis of Myelodysplastic Syndrome with Low Blasts and Hemolytic Anemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the value of morphological examination, cytochemical staining combined with bone marrow biopsy in the differential diagnosis between myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with low blasts and hemolytic anemia (HA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 85 cases of myelodysplastic syndrome with low blasts (< 5%) and 61 patients with hemolytic anemia in Chinese PLA's Gerneral hospital from September 2009 to March 2015 were retrospectively analysed. The clinical characteristics, cytogenetic and molecular features, bone marrow cell count and morphology features, cytochemical staining results and bone marrow biopsy features of above-methioned patients were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in clinical data between MDS group and HA group. Megakaryocytic dysplasia-positive rate, and ring sideroblasts positive rate, and PAS positive rate were significantly higher in MDS group than those that in HA group (P < 0.05). Abnormal localization of immature precursors (ALIP) and megakaryocytic dysplasia positive rate in bone marrow biopsy were significantly higher in MDS group than those that in HA group (P < 0.05), 90.6% of MDS with low blasts patients were identifiable by combined detections.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Combining detection of morphology, cytochemistry staining and bone marrow biopsy has been confirmed to be more useful for differential diagnosis between MDS with low blasts and HA.</p>

Surveillance analysis on anaphylactic rash after immunization in Ouhai District of Wenzhou City, 2008-2013 / 上海预防医学

[ Objective ] To analyze the characteristics of anaphylactic rash after vaccination in Ouhai District of Wenzhou City during 2008-2013. [ Methods ] Data on anaphylactic rash cases reported during 2008-2013 were collected through the national AEFI information management system.And descriptive epidemiologic methodology was used in this study. [ Results] A total of 111 anaphylactic rash cases were reported in Ouhai District during 2008-2013,the reported incidence rate of anaphylactic rash were 3.58 per million doses.The ratio of male-female was 1.27:1.Cases of ≤1 year old accounted for 65.77%.Those without fever accounted for 75.68%.The number of the reports for the third quarter of the year accounted for 41.44%of the total.The cases of anaphylactic rash mostly occurred within 24 h after immunization(81.08%) .The top three vaccines reported in occurrence of rash were measles and rubella at-tenuated live vaccine(35.14%), diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine(18.92%), and A(H1N1)influenza vaccine(5.41%).The reported rates for the top three vaccines were 115.85, 29.33,13.07 per million doses for 7-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine,measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine, A(H1N1) influenza vaccine,respectively. [Conclusion] Differential diagnosis of anaphylactic rashes needs to be more stressed.Most anaphylactic rash were reported in the expected range,but still monitoring analysis on incidence of allergic rash should be enhanced.Vac-cines with higher incidence of rash reported should be further studied and analyzed.

Effect of PCNA on apoptosis and proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma TCA8113 cells / 解放军医学杂志

 Objective To explore the effect of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) on apoptosis and proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) TCA8113 cells. Methods Hyper expressed plasmid pcDNA3.1-PCNA and RNA interference (RNAi) vector pSilencer-shPCNA were constructed and transfected into TCA8113 cells, and their expression was determined by Western blotting or Real-time PCR. The cell proliferation was then assessed using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry, and the effects of PCNA hyper expression or gene silence on cell apoptosis were analyzed. Results PCNA hyper expression and down-regulation plasmid were constructed and transfected into TCA8113 cells successfully. The PCNA hyper expression and down-regulation were verified by Western blotting and Realtime PCR, respectively. MTT proliferation assay revealed that the PCNA hyper expression promoted TCA8113 cell proliferation. The survival rates of PCNA over-expressed cells at 24, 48 and 72h were significantly higher than those of control cells (P<0.05). PCNA silence effectively inhibited TCA8113 cell proliferation. The survival rates of PCNA down-regulated cells at 24, 48 and 72h were significantly lower than those of control cells (P<0.05). By treating with cisplatin, it was found that PCNA hyper expression inhibited cell apoptosis obviously, while PCNA silence facilitated cell apoptosis significantly. Conclusion PCNA gene is involved in the apoptosis and proliferation of OSCC TCA8113 cells, and it can significantly enhance the sensitivity of TCA8113 to chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin.

Time rhythm of homoharringtonine inducing K562 cell apoptosis and its mechanism / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to explore the change of K562 cell apoptosis at different time point after homoharringtonine (HHT) treatment and its mechanism. After treatment of K562 cells with 10 ng/ml HHT, the cell viability was tested with MTT assay; the expression of caspase-3 was detected with Western blot; the BCL-2 expression was analyzed with flow cytometry; the autophagosome was observed by electron microscopy. The results showed that the viability of K562 cells reduced gradually from day 1 to day 5 and ascended from day 6 to day 8 after HHT treatment. At the same time, the cleaved caspase-3 expression level of K562 cells increased gradually from day 1 to day 7, but reduced at the day 8 (P < 0.05). From day 1 to day 8 after HHT treatment, the BCL-2 expression level declined firstly and then went up (P < 0.05). Autophagosome was also seen remarkably at day 8 after HHT treatment. It is concluded that the apoptosis level of K562 cells after being treated with HHT enhances firstly and then declines , which may be associated with higher autophagy level in the late stage of HHT treatment.