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1.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 31(4): 295-298, jul.-ago. 2009. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-530036

ABSTRACT

O termo sarcoma granulocítico (SG) designa um raro tumor sólido composto de agregados de precursores granulocíticos imaturos em sítios extramedulares. A lesão geralmente ocorre durante o curso natural da leucemia mieloide aguda (LMA) ou após sua remissão. O SG primário manifesta-se mais comumente na pele e linfonodos, portanto, quando se apresenta na mama, o erro diagnóstico de linfoma não Hodgkin, carcinoma lobular, sarcoma e melanoma maligno é um problema comum. A mama tem sido relatada como um local incomum de SG. Relata-se um caso raro de SG bilateral em mamas concomitante com LMA numa mulher de 47 anos. A paciente foi admitida em nosso hospital devido a manifestações neurológicas e descobrimos, durante a investigação, tumorações nas mamas. A histopatologia das lesões sugeriu linfoma não Hodgkin, sendo iniciada quimioterapia esquema CHOP. No entanto, o mielograma mostrou hiperplasia das séries granulocíticas, e a imuno-histoquímica revelou mieloperoxidase e CD68 positivos, confirmando o diagnóstico de SG primário em mamas. A citogenética não detectou anomalias. A revisão da microscopia e a análise do líquor confirmaram a presença de infiltração no parênquima mamário e no sistema nervoso central por leucemia monoblástica aguda (LMA-M5a). O protocolo de indução da remissão foi iniciado com daunorrubicina, arabinosídeo-C e quimioterapia intratecal com metotrexate, arabinosídeo-C e dexametasona (MADIT). Um mês depois, a paciente recusou a continuação do tratamento, depois de ter feito pedido de alta.


Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an uncommon solid tumor composed of aggregates of immature granulocytic precursors in extramedullary sites. The lesion generally occurs during the natural course of acute myelogenous leukemia or after remission has been achieved. Primary GS manifests most commonly in skin and lymph nodes, therefore when it presents in the breast, misdiagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, lobular carcinoma, sarcoma and malignant melanoma is a common problem. The breast has been reported to be an uncommon site for GS. We report on a rare case of granulocytic sarcoma presenting as bilateral breast masses concomitant with acute myeloid leukemia in a 47-year-old woman. The patient was admitted to our hospital due to neurological manifestations, at which time we discovered lesions in the breasts. The histopathology suggested non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and chemotherapy using the CHOP regimen was performed. However, a myelogram showed hyperplasia of the granulocyte cells and immunohistochemistry tests were positive for myeloperoxidase and CD68, confirming the diagnosis of primary granulocytic sarcoma of the breasts. Cytogenetic examinations did not detect anomalies. The review of microscopy and the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid confirmed the presence of infiltration in the breast and in the central nervous system by acute monoblastic leukemia (AML M5a). AML M5a protocols had been started with daunorubicin, arabinoside-C and intrathecal chemotherapy using methotrexate, arabinoside-C and dexamethasone (MADIT). One month later, the patient refused further treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Sarcoma, Myeloid
2.
J Cancer Res Ther ; 2009 Jan-Mar; 5(1): 52-3
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-111436

ABSTRACT

Primary lymphoma of bone (PLB) is an extremely rare condition that is usually confused with other primary injuries of the bone. It is characterized by the involvement of one or more bone locations, with or without involvement of regional lymph nodes and viscera. PLB constitutes 3-7% of all malignant bone tumors and approximately 3% of all extranodal lymphomas. It is found at all ages, being most frequently seen in adult life. Any part of the skeleton can be involved, but a trend exists in favor of bones with persistent bone marrow. We report a case of PLB with an unusual presentation: involvement of the proximal phalanx of the thumb. Treatment with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) plus etoposide established complete remission. Consolidation with radiotherapy of the femur and phalanx was performed. There was no evidence of recurrence at the 14 th month follow-up.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Bone Neoplasms/pathology , Bone Neoplasms/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Etoposide/administration & dosage , Femur/pathology , Humans , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/therapy , Male , Middle Aged , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Radiotherapy , Thumb/pathology , Vincristine/administration & dosage
3.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 31(5): 393-396, 2009. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-533586

ABSTRACT

O linfoma primário do osso (LPO) é uma condição extremamente rara, habitualmente confundida com outras lesões ósseas primárias. É responsável por cerca de 3 por cento-5 por cento de todos os tumores malignos no osso e 4 por cento-7 por cento de todos os linfomas nãoHodgkin extranodais. Caracteriza-se pelo envolvimento de um ou vários locais ósseos, com ou sem comprometimento de linfonodos regionais e vísceras. Histopatologicamente, o linfoma non Hodgkin de grandes células B representa a maioria dos casos de LPO. Ossos longos são mais frequentemente comprometidos, e o fêmur é o sítio mais acometido. Osso ilíaco e da coluna vertebral também podem ser atingidos. Relatamos um caso raro de linfoma não Hodgkin da vértebra em mulher de 41 anos. A imuno-histoquímica revelou CD20 e CD45 positivos. Ela foi diagnosticada com linfoma primário difuso de grandes células B da coluna vertebral. O estudo histopatológico da medula óssea não detectou infiltração por hemopatia linfoide. A paciente foi tratada com quimioterapia CHOP juntamente com etoposide, seguida de radioterapia (dose total = 3600cGy) na região tóraco-lombar. Não houve evidência de recidiva em um período de vinte meses de acompanhamento.


Primary bone lymphoma (PBL) is an extremely rare condition, commonly confused with other primary bone injuries. It accounts for approximately 3-5 percent of all malignant bone tumors and 4-7 percent of all extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. It is characterized by the involvement of one or multiple bone locations, with or without the involvement of regional lymph nodes and viscera. Histopathologically, diffuse large-B-cell lymphomas account for the majority of cases of PBL. Long bones are usually involved, with the femur being the most commonly affected site. Pelvic bones and the vertebral column can also be involved. We report on a rare case of PLB of the vertebra in a 41-year-old woman. Immunohistochemistry examinations revealed CD20 and CD45 positive cells. She was diagnosed with primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma presenting as a vertebral column tumor. The histopathologic analysis of the bone marrow did not show lymphoproliferative disorders. The patient was treated with a CHOP plus etoposide regimen. Systemic chemotherapy was followed by radiotherapy (total dose = 3600 cGy) in the thoracolumbar region. There was no evidence of recurrence in the 20-month follow up.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin , Spine
4.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 30(5): 423-425, set.-out. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-512159

ABSTRACT

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is a rare extramedullary tumor mass composed of immature cells derived from the hematopoietic myeloid series. It is usually associated with leukemia and other myeloproliferative disorders but can also occur without overt hematologic diseases. The breast has been reported to be an uncommon site of presentation. We report a case of acute myeloid leukemia preceded by GS of the breast. The immunohistochemistry revealed myeloperoxidase, CD68 and CD43 positivity, thus indicating a diagnosis of GS. Conventional cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood cells showed t(8;21)(q22;22). Complete remission was achieved with Daunorubicin and Cytarabine induction therapy followed by three courses of high-dose Cytarabine consolidation. The patient remains in continuous complete remission at 27 months.


Sarcoma granulocítico (GS) é um raro tumor extramedular composto de células imaturas derivadas das linhagens hematopoiéticasmielóides. É geralmente associada à leucemia ou outras desordens mieloproliferativas, mas também pode ocorrer sem manifestação de doenças hematológicas. A mama tem sido relatada como local incomum de apresentação. Relatamos um caso de leucemia mielóide aguda precedida por GS da mama. A imunohistoquímica revelou mieloperoxidase, CD68 e CD43 positivos, indicando um diagnóstico da GS. A análise citogenética convencional de células de sangue periférico mostrou t(8; 21)(q22; 22). Remissão completa foi atingida com indução terapêutica com daunorubicina e citarabina, seguida de três ciclos de alta dose de citarabina. O paciente permanece em completa remissão há 27 meses.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Breast , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma , Sarcoma, Myeloid
5.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 30(4): 339-341, jul.-ago. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-496251

ABSTRACT

We report on a case of mediastinal granulocytic sarcoma with cardiac infiltration in a young man with no evidence of leukemia involving the bone marrow or peripheral blood. Diagnosis was accomplished by immuno-histochemistry with expressions of myeloperoxidase and CD99 antigens. The patient achieved clinical remission, but evolved with febrile neutropenia during chemotherapy and died. Although subclinical cardiac infiltrations are commonly found at autopsy in patients with acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia, only one case of involvement of the heart with granulocytic sarcoma in the absence of bone marrow disease has been published in the literature. A diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma should not be excluded when the biopsy of the bone marrow does not show any evidence of leukemic infiltration.


Relata-se o caso de um adulto jovem com sarcoma granulocítico (SG) mediastinal com infiltração cardíaca sem evidência de leucemia envolvendo medula óssea ou sangue periférico. O diagnóstico foi revelado pela imuno-histoquímica com positividade para mieloperoxidase e CD99. O paciente apresentou remissão clínica, porém evoluiu com neutropenia febril durante a quimioterapia e foi a óbito. Embora infiltrados cardíacos subclínicos sejam comumente detectados na autópsia em pacientes com leucemia aguda nãolinfoblástica, somente um caso de SG com envolvimento cardíaco na ausência de doença na medula óssea foi descrito na literatura. Um diagnóstico de SG não deve ser excluída quando a biópsia da medula óssea não mostrar nenhuma evidência de infiltração leucêmica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Cardiovascular Abnormalities , Cardiovascular Diseases , Heart Diseases , Heart Failure , Leukemia , Sarcoma, Myeloid
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