A single-center study on the distribution and antibiotic resistance of pathogens causing bloodstream infection in patients with hematological malignancies / 中华血液学杂志

Objective: To study the incidence of bloodstream infections, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profile in patients with hematological malignancies. Methods: From January 2018 to December 2021, we retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics, pathogen distribution, and antibiotic resistance profiles of patients with malignant hematological diseases and bloodstream infections in the Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University. Results: A total of 582 incidences of bloodstream infections occurred in 22,717 inpatients. From 2018 to 2021, the incidence rates of bloodstream infections were 2.79%, 2.99%, 2.79%, and 2.02%, respectively. Five hundred ninety-nine types of bacteria were recovered from blood cultures, with 487 (81.3%) gram-negative bacteria, such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eighty-one (13.5%) were gram-positive bacteria, primarily Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Enterococcus faecium, whereas the remaining 31 (5.2%) were fungi. Enterobacteriaceae resistance to carbapenems, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam, and tigecycline were 11.0%, 15.3%, 15.4%, and 3.3%, with a descending trend year on year. Non-fermenters tolerated piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam, and quinolones at 29.6%, 13.3%, and 21.7%, respectively. However, only two gram-positive bacteria isolates were shown to be resistant to glycopeptide antibiotics. Conclusions: Bloodstream pathogens in hematological malignancies were broadly dispersed, most of which were gram-negative bacteria. Antibiotic resistance rates vary greatly between species. Our research serves as a valuable resource for the selection of empirical antibiotics.

Antibacterial action and sensitization by percutaneous administration of lavender essential oil / 中国热带医学

@#Abstract: Objective To investigate the antibacterial action and skin sensitization by percutaneous administration of lavender essential oil (LEO), providing a basis for its antibacterial application of percutaneous administration. Methods The disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibacterial effect of LEO on five types of bacteria, and to measure its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC); The effect of LEO on guinea pig skin irritation was observed by topical application, and its allergic reaction and allergic rate were evaluated; the levels of IgA, IgG, and IgE in the supernatant of serum and spleen tissue sensitized with dimethylbenzene and smeared with LEO were determined by the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), and the antibacterial ability, skin sensitization, and inflammation of LEO were comprehensively evaluated. Results The antibacterial circle experiment showed that LEO had an inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Propionibacterium acnes; the antibacterial ability from strong to weak was Staphylococcus Epidermidis (8.25 mg/mL), Escherichia coli (15.00 mg/mL), Candida albicans (16.31 mg/mL), Staphylococcus aureus (18.00 mg/mL), Propionibacterium acnes (20.78 mg/mL). The percutaneous administration of LEO did not cause skin sensitization and inflammatory reaction in guinea pigs. Compared with the blank group, the effect of topical LEO application on the weight of the guinea pig's spleen is not statistically significant (P>0.05), and the effect on the levels of IgA, IgE, IgG in the serum and spleen tissue of guinea pigs is not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions LEO has a certain antibacterial effect on five common pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Propionibacterium acnes, and is safe for percutaneous administration. The results provide some reference for the development of LEO related products and their application in the field of dermatology.

Gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy for secondary high intraocular pressure after vitrectomy / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy of gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy(GATT)for secondary high intraocular pressure after vitrectomy.METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 10 patients(15 eyes)with secondary high intraocular pressure(IOP)after vitrectomy treated with GATT in Department of Ophthalmology, Chengdu First People's Hospital from January 2019 to May 2022. The best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), IOP, number of IOP-lowering drugs, and complications before operation and at 1d, 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation were recorded, and the surgical success rate was analyzed.RESULTS:There was no difference in BCVA before and 6mo after operation(Z=0, P=1). The mean IOP decreased from 28.33±9.48mmHg to 17.47±3.78(1d), 18.8±3.29(1wk), 19.13±3.62(1mo), 20.31±3.66(3mo)and 18.03±3.23mmHg(6mo; all P<0.05). The average medication used before surgery was 2(2, 4), and the average medication used 6mo after surgery was 1(0, 2), which was significantly decreased(P<0.001). The total success rate of surgery at 1d, 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after surgery was 87%(13 eyes), 93%(14 eyes), 87%(13 eyes), 73%(11 eyes)and 93%(14 eyes)respectively. The main postoperative complications were transient hyphema(10 eyes, 67%)and transient elevated IOP(5 eyes, 33%). No complications seriously affecting the vision occurred.CONCLUSION: GATT is safe and effective in the treatment of secondary high intraocular pressure after vitrectomy.

Isolation and quantification of a 17-epi-dammarane triterpenoid rhuslactone from roots of Rhus chinensis and its preventive effects on coronary heart disease and thrombosis in zebrafish / 中国中药杂志

Based on mass spectrometry(MS)-guided separation strategy, compound 1 was obtained from the roots of Rhus chinensis. By comprehensive analysis of high resolution-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry(HR-ESI-MS), nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) data, and quantum chemical calculation of NMR(qcc-NMR) parameters, compound 1 was elucidated as rhuslactone, a 17-epi-dammarane triterpenoid with a rare 17α-side chain. An HPLC-ELSD method for its quantification in R. chinensis was established and adopted for the quantification of rhuslactone in different batches of R. chinensis. Rhuslactone displayed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.021 3-1.07 μmol·mL~(-1 )(r=0.997 6), and the average recovery was 99.34% [relative standard deviation(RSD) 2.9%). Moreover, the results of the evaluation test of the preventive effects of rhusalctone on coronary heart disease(CHD) and thrombosis showed that rhuslactone(0.11 nmol·mL~(-1)) significantly alleviated heart enlargement and venous congestion and increased cardiac output(CO), blood flow velocity(BFV), and heart rate, thereby reducing thrombus formation in zebrafish with CHD. The effects of rhuslactone on CO and BFV were superior to that of digoxin(1.02 nmol·mL~(-1)), and its effect on improving heart rate was comparable to that of digoxin. This study provides experimental references for the isolation, identification, quality control, and application of rhuslactone from R. chinensis against CHD. It is worth mentioning that this study has discussed some omissions in the determination of the stereochemistry of C-17 in dammarane triterpenoids in the present coursebook Chemistry of Chinese Medicine and some research papers, that is, the compound may be 17-epi-dammarane triterpenoid. This paper has also proposed steps for the establishment of C-17 stereochemistry.

Acupuncture regulates the apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells in polycystic ovarian syndrome-related abnormal follicular development through LncMEG3-mediated inhibition of miR-21-3p

BACKGROUND: The main features of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are abnormal follicular development and ovulatory dysfunction, which are caused by excessive apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells. Acupuncture has been shown to improve follicular development abnormalities in patients with PCOS, but its mechanism is unknown. This study hypothesized that the mechanism of acupuncture on follicular development abnormalities in PCOS patients is the inhibition of granulosa cell apoptosis through LncMEG3-mediated regulation of miR-21-3p. METHODS: A PCOS-like rat model was established using subcutaneous injection of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Acupuncture was performed on rats for 15 d (CV-4, RN-3, CV-6, SP-6 and EX-CA 1). Ovarian morphology was observed by HE staining, and sex hormone and AMH levels were detected by ELISA. Primary granulosa cells were isolated from each group of rats to assess the association of acupuncture treatment, LncMEG3, miR-21-3p, and granulosa cell apoptosis in rats with PCOS. RESULTS: LncMEG3 and miR-21-3p were highly expressed in the ovarian granulosa cells of rats with PCOS, and LncMEG3-mediated regulation of miR-21-3p was involved in the development of PCOS in rats. Silencing of MEG3 attenuated sex hormone dysregulation and ovarian histopathological changes in PCOS rats and promoted follicle cell development and maturation. In addition, silencing MEG3 increased the viability and number of granulosa cells. In addition, silencing MEG3 further inhibited early and late apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells in PCOS rats. Acupuncture improved polycystic ovarian morphology and sex hormone levels in PCOS rats. Acupuncture intervention increased the viability and number of granulosa cells. Acupuncture intervention inhibited early and late apoptosis of ovarian granulosa cells in PCOS rats by targeting miR-21-3p via LncMEG3. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that acupuncture can downregulate LncMEG3, thereby targeting and regulating miR-21-3p to suppress early and late granulosa cell apoptosis and normalize their proliferation. These factors ultimately compensate for abnormal follicular development. These findings shed light on the clinical potential of acupuncture as a safe treatment for follicular developmental abnormalities in PCOS. Highlights LncMEG3-mediated inhibition of miR-21-3p regulates ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis. LncMEG3 and miR-21-3p are involved in the occurrence and development of PCOS-related abnormal follicular development. CuONPs induce co-occurrence of autophagy activation and autophagic flux blockade. Acupuncture can improve the sex hormone levels and follicular development in the context of PCOS. The underlying mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of PCOS abnormal follicular development was revealed.

Clinical observation on the treatment of adult glaucoma by stab incision glaucoma surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To observe the safety and efficacy of stab incision glaucoma surgery(SIGS)in the treatment of adult glaucoma.METHODS: A series of retrospective case studies were carried out from June 2018 to November 2020, the clinical data of 55 cases with 70 eyes of glaucoma treated with SIGS in our hospital were collected. Following up at 6mo after operation, the intraocular pressure(IOP), bleb and postoperative complications were observed.RESULTS: Among the included patients, 30 eyes were performed SIGS alonely, 40 eyes were performed SIGS combined with phacoemulsification. Among them, the operation of 33 eyes(47%)was completely successful, the operation of 28 eyes(40%)was partially successful, and the operation of 9 eyes(13%)were failed. The mean preoperative IOP under medication was 31.82±13.16mmHg, and at 1wk, 1, 3 and 6mo after operation, the mean IOP(14.97±5.25, 17.94±5.24, 18.43±4.74, 17.37±3.36)mmHg were all significantly lower than before operation, and the number of IOP-lowering drugs used at 6mo after operation [0(0, 1)] was significantly lower than before operation [3(2, 3)](P<0.001). At 6mo after operation, the filtering blebs' shape of the patients: 30 eyes(43%)of type I(functional bleb), 31 eyes(44%)of type Ⅱ(functional bleb), 7 eyes(10%)of type Ⅲ(flat bleb)and 2 eyes(3%)of type IV(encapsulated vesicular bleb)were included. During the follow-up period, 2 eyes had hyphema in anterior chamber, 4 eyes had inflammatory reaction in anterior chamber, 3 eyes had low IOP, shallow anterior chamber and excessive filtration, 1 eye had malignant glaucoma, 1 eye had endophthalmitis, 1 eye had choroidal detachment, 1 eye had choroidal detachment, and 9 eyes had scarring of filtering blebs.CONCLUSION: SIGS is effective in the treatment of primary open angle glaucoma, primary angle-closure glaucoma and some secondary glaucoma without serious complications.

Evaluating the efficacy of vitalstim electrical stimulation combined with swallowing function training for treating

OBJECTIVES: This study explored the clinical efficacy of VitalStim electrical stimulation combined with swallowing function training for patients with dysphagia following an acute stroke. METHODS: Seventy-two patients with dysphagia following an acute stroke were admitted to our hospital and were further divided into two groups using prospective research methods. There were 36 cases in each group according to the random number table method. The control group received conventional medical treatment and swallowing function training while the experimental group received conventional medical treatment and VitalStim electrical stimulation combined with swallowing function training. RESULTS: The overall response rate of the experimental group (94.44%) was higher than that of the control group (77.78%), and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the upward and forward movement speeds of the hyoid bone, anterior movement speed, the grading score of the Kubota drinking water test, Caiteng's grading score, serum superoxide dismutase, 5-hydroxytryptamine, and norepinephrine levels, Fugl-Meyer Assessment score, and multiple quality of life scores of the two groups showed improvement after treatment. While the standard swallowing assessment score, serum malondialdehyde level, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score decreased, the aforementioned indices showed a significant improvement in the experimental group (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that VitalStim electrical stimulation combined with swallowing function is effective for treating dysphagia following an acute stroke. It can effectively improve swallowing, neurological, and limb motor functions, reduce complications, promote physical recovery, and improve overall quality of life of patients.

Research Progress in Treatment of Chemical Liver Injury with Chinese Medicine Based on Metabolomics / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Liver， as a critical organ of metabolism and detoxification， can be damaged by viral infection， drug abuse， and heavy drinking. Liver diseases pose a serious threat to people's health and life in China.At present， drug therapy has been primarily adopted clinically in the treatment of the liver injury.In-depth investigation of the mechanism of liver-protective drugs is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of clinical liver diseases.In recent years， with the development of the medical industry in China， an increasing number of studies have focused on the treatment of liver injury with Chinese medicine.Compared with western medicine， Chinese medicine is advantageous in few side effects and overall regulation， which plays a pivotal role in liver protection.However， its underlying mechanism in liver protection still needs to be further studied due to its complex compositions and diverse targets.Metabolomics， a new approach to studying the metabolic pathway of biological systems， provides integral and systematic views in the investigation of liver protection with Chinese medicine. By virtue of metabolomics， the mechanism of Chinese medicine in multi-target and multi-pathway liver protection can be analyzed comprehensively， and the corresponding biomarkers can also be screened out. The authors analyzed the studies of the treatment of chemical liver injury models induced by carbon tetrachloride （CCl4）， dimethylnitrosamine （DMN）， α-naphthyl isothiocyanate （ANIT）， and alcohol by Chinese medicinal compounds， single herbal medicines， and monomers of Chinese medicine based on metabolomics， and summarized the biomarkers and related metabolic pathways of Chinese medicine in the intervention of each type of liver injury， aiming at providing a reference for the further research and clinical application in the treatment of different types of liver injuries by Chinese medicine.

Role of Autophagy in Glaucoma-induced Optic Nerve Injury and Intervention with Traditional Chinese Medicine： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Glaucoma is a common blinding eye disease characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells （RGCs） and their axons， gradual loss of visual field， and optic atrophy. The pathological changes of glaucoma are mainly the degeneration， atrophy， and loss of RGCs and their axons， which can eventually lead to the permanent impairment of visual function. The specific pathogenesis of glaucoma remains unclear. Autophagy is a process in which damaged， denatured， or senescent proteins and organelles are transported to lysosomes for digestion and degradation in order to continuously renew and rebuild cells for reuse. As revealed by clinical case analysis and animal experiments， Chinese patent medicine and some traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） therapies may be able to target the autophagy pathway. This paper expounded the role of autophagy in glaucoma-induced ocular hypertension and optic nerve injury from the aspects of stress response of ocular tissue to high intraocular pressure， trabecular meshwork dysfunction， immune regulation， and scar regulation as well as the regulatory effects of some Chinese medicinal ingredients on autophagy， aiming to explore the possibility of integrated TCM and western medicine in regulating autophagy and preventing glaucoma-induced optic nerve injury and early visual field loss. It was found that Chinese medicinal monomers or extracts function via multiple pathways and multiple targets， mainly involving two classical autophagy pathways， namely phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） and adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）. Moreover， the current studies on the neuroprotective effect of TCM mostly focus on the brain and spinal cord lesions of the central nervous system， and its protective mechanism against optic nerve injury in glaucoma still needs further investigation. In addition， autophagy was like a "double-edged sword" in different experimental animal models and methods. How to artificially intervene in autophagy to prevent the apoptosis of RGCs and protect the optic nerve injury is still an urgent problem to be solved in the future research.

Research progress on hepatotoxicity of traditional Chinese medicine based on metabonomics / 中国中药杂志

With the continuous development of Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has been widely used in the treatment of diseases and health care. At the same time, the toxic and side effects of TCM have been gradually concerned. The liver, as an important place for drug metabolism, is a major target organ for drug toxicity. Clinical reports on liver injury caused by TCM are common, and the problem of liver toxicity of TCM has become an important reason to limit the internationalization of TCM. Metabono-mics is a newly booming subject to study the metabolic pathway of biological system. It shows integrity and systematicness in the study of hepatotoxicity of TCM, which provides a new technical method for finding the early biomarkers of liver injury of TCM and exploring the mechanism of hepatotoxicity of TCM. In this paper, the methods of metabonomics in the study of hepatotoxicity of TCM, as well as the research progress of hepatotoxicity monomer, extract and attenuation of hepatotoxic TCM based on metabonomics were reviewed in order to provide reference for the further study of hepatotoxicity of TCM.

Evolution and research botsports of sports intervention on adolescent health promotion based on Cite Space adequate and blanced dietary behaviors are in great needs / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze evolution and research hot sports of sports intervention on youth health promotion, and to provide the theoretical data for the researchers to make sure their future research directions.@*Methods@#The Web of Science was searched through with core collection database to obtain original articles in this domain on November 10th 2018, and 1 242 articles were selected as research samples. Citespace was used to analyze the following data, including co-word, cited-reference, cite-author and so on.@*Results@#Research on this domain was performed in 43 countries. The leading 5 countries of publishing papers were as follows: USA,Australia,England, Canada and Holland, accounting for 1 017 articles published, occupying 81.9% of the published papers. The most productive organizations were in USA and Australia. The team of Luban DR and Pate RR was most representative in this domain. Recently more and more researchers were paying attention to sport intervention of adolescents. The leading issues were about: application of intelligent electronic products in intervening adolescents’ health, the positive effect of sports environment on adolescents’ participation in sports and the sport intervention of adolescent’s brain.@*Conclusion@#We must recognize that the field in sports intervention among adolescents is still in its infancy and shows huge potential for further improvement. Scientists from the United States and Australia are leading the world in this field. It’s important for China to participate and refer to their cutting-edge researches, and to invest in specific sports intervention strategies paving the road to good health among adolescents.

Preparation of Oxymatrine Phospholipid Complex Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Lyophilized Powder and Evaluation of Its Quality / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To prepare oxymatrine phospholipid complex solid lipid nanoparticles(OMT-PC-SLN) lyophilized powder and evaluate its pharmaceutical properties. Method: Pseudo-ternary phase diagram was employed to optimize the formula of microemulsion;single factor experiments were adopted to optimize the formulation process of OMT-PC-SLN lyophilized powder with encapsulation efficiency as index;the morphology of this preparation was observed by transmission electron microscope(TEM).The particle size was measured by particle size analyzer and the in vitro release performance of OMT-PC-SLN lyophilized powder was examined. Result: Optimal formulation process was as following:taking soybean phospholipid and polyethylene glycol 15-hydroxystearate(Kolliphor HS 15) as the emulsifier,ethanol as co-emulsifier,ratio of emulsifier to co-emulsifier(Km)=3:2,oil phase:(emulsifier+co-emulsifier)=1:9,oxymatrine phospholipid complex-stearic acid-soybean phospholipid-Kolliphor HS 15-ethanol(30:100:180:360:360);taking 50 mL of 4%mannitol solution as the external aqueous phase,ice bath stirring at 1 000 r·min-1 and solidifying for 1 h,precooled at -20℃ for 24 h,took out and dried for 24 h.OMT-PC-SLN lyophilized powder was spherical in appearance with encapsulation efficiency of (38.09±1.24)%,average particle size of 785.5 nm,polydispersity coefficient(PDI) of 0.456 and the Zeta potential of -24.82 mV.The cumulative release rates of OMT-PC-SLN lyophilized powder were 72.63%at 2 h and 98.42%at 12 h;the cumulative release rate of oxymatrine(crude drug) was 98.60%at 2 h. Conclusion: This optimized formulation process of OMT-PC-SLN lyophilized powder is stable with good repeatability;compared with oxymatrine,OMT-PC-SLN lyophilized powder has a certain sustained-release effect.

Analysis of Pharmacokinetic Behavior of Five Components in Qingkailing (Lyophilized) for Injection in Normal Rats and Cerebral Ischemia Rats by UPLC-MS/MS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To establish a UPLC-MS/MS analysis method for determination of baicalin, geniposide, chlorogenic acid, cholic acid and hyodeoxycholic acid in Qingkailing (lyophilized) for injection in rat plasma, and to investigate the pharmacokinetic behavior of this preparation in normal and cerebral ischemic rats. Method: Rats were randomly divided into normal group and cerebral ischemia model group. The rat model of cerebral ischemia was established by suture embolization. The rats were given by intraperitoneal injection, and normal saline was used as the solvent. Blood samples were taken at the corresponding time points. After treatment, UPLC-MS/MS was used to determine the blood concentration of five components. The main detection conditions were mobile phase of 0.1%formic acid aqueous solution-acetonitrile for gradient elution (0-0.25 min, 90%A; 0.25-1 min, 90%-75%A; 1-2 min, 75%-50%A; 2-2.6 min, 50%-45%A; 2.6-2.65 min, 45%-90%A; 2.65-4.0 min, 90%A), the flow rate of 0.4 mL·min-1, the column temperature at 40℃, electrospray ionization under negative ion mode. The pharmacokinetic parameters were fitted and the bioavailability was calculated, the differences of treatment process of five components from Qingkailing (lyophilized) for injection in normal and cerebral ischemic rats were analyzed. Result: Compared with the normal group, the area under the curve (AUC0-t) of geniposide in rats from cerebral ischemia model group decreased significantly after intraperitoneal injection of Qingkailing (lyophilized) for injection (PTmax) of chlorogenic acid in rats from cerebral ischemia model group was significantly earlier than that in the normal group (PConclusion: Qingkailing (lyophilized) for injection has a certain difference in the treatment process between normal and cerebral ischemic rats, which has certain guiding significance for the clinical treatment of cerebral ischemic diseases with this preparation.

Quality evaluation of Erigeron breviscapus from different origins and its related species by HPLC coupled with chemometrics / 中草药

Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprint for effective quality control and scientific evaluation of Erigeron breviscapus. Methods: Separation was performed on a Zorbax SB-C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) and the mobile phase was methanol-0.1% phosphoric acid with gradient elution. The flow rate at 1 mL/min, the column temperature at 30 oC, and the detection wavelength at 335 nm. A total of 19 batches of E. breviscapus and its related species were analyzed. Similarity evaluation combined with hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were used to evaluate the quality of herbs from different batches. Results: The HPLC fingerprint of E. breviscapus was established with 11 common peaks, and five peaks were identified. Similarities of the 19 batches of samples were 0.873-0.978. Two batches of samples from its related species were high similarity. These 19 batches of samples could be classified into three clusters. The PCA result was consistent with HCA. The comprehensive score of S5 was the highest and the quality was the best. There was possibility for using E. multiradiatus as herbs instead of E. breviscapus. Conclusion: The establishment of HPLC fingerprint and the recognition of chemical pattern can provide a more comprehensive reference for the quality control of herbs.

Clinical observations of all-ceramic restorations of children’s first permanent molars with severe defects / 口腔疾病防治

Objective @#To explore the therapeutic efficacy of chairside CEREC all-ceramic restorations in children with first permanent molars with severe defects and to summarize the clinical methods and procedures.@*Methods@# Forty teeth of 7-15 years old thirty-four children with first permanent molars with severe defects were selected. After careful tooth preparation, a total of 40 all-ceramic restorations (8 inlays, 32 onlays) were designed and manufactured using the CEREC 3D system, and all prostheses were bonded with composite resin cement. Immediately after treatment and after 24 months, the subjective satisfaction of the patients was assessed. The clinical efficacy was analyzed using modified USPHS criteria at 12 months and 24 months. Evaluations included secondary caries, marginal adaptation, surface texture, color matching, fracture, anatomical form, adjacency relationship and gingival health.@*Results @# For the 40 all-ceramic restorations of the first permanent molars, after 24 months, 100% of the teeth were grade A for secondary caries, surface texture and fracture of the prosthesis, and 85% of the teeth were up to grade A for the other indexes at 12 and 24 months. There were no significant differences (P > 0.05) between 12 months and 24 months. Immediately after treatment and after 24 months, the subjective satisfaction of the patients was greater than 94%. @*Conclusion @#Application of the CEREC 3D system had a clear curative effect and resulted in high satisfaction in the repair of permanent molars with severe defects in children.

Lycium barbarum polysaccharides attenuate oxidative stress injury of hu-man endothelium-like EA. hy926 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To study the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on oxidative stress injury of human endothelium-like EA. Hy926 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). METHODS:The EA. Hy926 cell model of oxidative stress injury was established by H2O2 treatment. The EA. Hy926 cells were divided into 5 groups:control group, damage (H2O2 at 50 mmol/L) group, LBP (100 mg/L) group, anti-damage groups (LBP at 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L or 200 mg/L+50 mol/L H2O2), and LY294002 (20 μmol/L) group. The effect of LBP at different concentrations on the cell viability of EA. Hy926 cells was measured by CCK-8 assay, and the optimum concentration of LBP was screened out. The apoptotic of EA. Hy926 cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide ( AO/EB) staining was used to observe the morphological characteristics of the apoptotic cells. The cell migration ability was detected by scratch method. The levels of nitric oxide (NO) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the cell culture medium were examined. The protein levels of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), p-eNOS and p-Akt were determined by Western blot. RESULTS:LBP at concentration of 100 mg/L significantly attenuated the injury of EA. Hy926 cells induced by H2O2, as indicated by improved cell viability ( P <0.05 ) and decreased apoptosis ( P <0.05). Pretreatment with LBP elevated the levels of NO and VEGF (P<0.05), and promoted the migration ability of EA. Hy926 cells. LBP also increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, down-regulated the protein level of cleaved caspase-3, and up-regulated the protein levels of eNOS and p-eNOS. The protective effect of LBP were abolished by pretreatment of the EA. Hy926 cells with the inhibitor of PI3K (P<0.05). As a result, the protein level of p-Akt was down-regulated, and the level of NO was also significantly reduced. CONCLUSION:LBP has protective effect on H2O2-induced EA. Hy926 cells by attenuating apoptosis of the cells. The mechanism is closely related to the activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.

Hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab for treatment of malignant ascites or pleural effusion: a meta-analysis of efficacy / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To make a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of hyperthermic perfusion chemotherapy (HPC) combined with bevacizumab for malignant ascites or malignant pleural effusion,and to provide the references for further practice and studies.Methods VIP,Wanfang data,PubMed and CNKI were searched from inception to January 2018.HPC combined with bevacizumab or HPC alone for malignant ascites or pleural effusion were collected for controlled clinical trial (CCT).According to inclusion and exclusion criteria,two reviewers checked studies,extracted data and assessed quality of the included studies.RevMan 5.3 software was used to make a meta-analysis.Results A total of 4 CCT involved 226 patients.Meta-analysis showed that compared with the HPC alone,HPC combined with bevacizumab had a higher rate in clinical efficiency (OR =4.82,95 ％ CI 2.45-9.49,P ＜ 0.000 01),malignant ascites or pleural effusion control rate (OR =4.06,95 ％ CI 1.09-15.11,P ＜ 0.05),quality of life improvement rate (OR =6.79,95 ％ CI 3.53-13.08,P ＜ 0.000 01),and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion HPC combined with bevacizumab can improve the clinical effective rate,effusion control rate and quality of life improvement rate of the patients with malignant ascites or pleural effusion.

Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Amplification Based DNA-Copper Nanoclusters Sensor for Detection of L-Histidine / 分析化学

A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase ( TdT ) amplification based DNA-copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) sensor was developed for detection of L-histidine ( L-His). Single strand DNA containing poly-thymine ( T) sequences were synthesized by TdT in the presence of dTTP. In blank control, poly-T sequences worked as templates of CuNCs due to the affinity between thymine and copper ions( II) . Fluorescence intensity was enhanced when CuNCs formed with reducing agents. In the presence of L-His, the imidazolyl group of L-His worked as a chelating agent that formed L-His-Cu2+ chelated complex. Thus less copper ions were induced in poly-T sequences, and less CuNCs were obtained to produce week fluorescence signals. A good linear correlation was obtained between fluorescence change and the logarithm of the L-His concentration over the range of 5. 0 ×10-9-5. 0 ×10-4 mol/L. The detection limit was estimated as 3. 4 ×10-9 mol/L. And the recoveries were 97. 4%-104. 6% for the actual urine samples. Compared with other methods of synthetic CuNCs, this method allowed to specifically determining L-histidine without template or labeling, which showed good potential in biomedical and clinical analysis.

Development and application of extramedullary femoral osteotomy module in total knee arthroplasty / 中华骨科杂志

Objective To investigate the outcome of a new designed extramedullary femoral osteotomy module and to compare with conventional intramedullary system in clinical study.Methods The extramedullary femoral osteotomy module was designed with the extramedullary alignment rod connecting with the T type rod at right angle,and it had a 5°-7° adjustable valgus design.The positioning module fixation screw was parallel with the epicondylar axis.The coronal plane of the distal femur bone cut was orientated by the extramedullary alignment rod pointing to the inguinal midpoint,and the sagittal plane was orientated by the extramedullary alignment rod keeping parallel with the distal femoral medullary cavity.The terminal distal femoral bone cut was conducted with suitable osteotomy after the orientation.Sixty patients who underwent unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) from October 2015 to March 2016 were randomly divided into intramedullary and extramedullary group for prospective controlled study.Blood loss,drainage and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were evaluated at one week postoperatively.Knee valgus angle and femoral prosthesis flexion angle were analyzed at two weeks postoperatively.Moreover,the extramedullary femoral osteotomy module was used in 273 patients (78 males and 195 females) with an average age of 68.7 (range,57-82 years old) who underwent unilateral TKA from April 2016 to January 2017.Blood loss,operation duration and lower limb ultrasonography preoperatively and at one week postoperatively were recorded.Knee valgus angle and femoral prosthesis flexion angle were measured at 2 weeks postoperatively.Range of knee motion and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee score at six weeks postoperatively were also reported.Results In the randomized controlled trial,blood loss and drainage in extramedullary group was less than that in intramedullary group (t=-3.330,P=0.004).There was no significant difference in the incidence of DVT at 1 week postoperatively (x2=2.269,P=0.132) and the knee valgus angle and femoral prosthesis flexion angle at 2 weeks postoperatively within the two groups.In the clinical application,operation time was 60.13± 13.69 min,and blood loss and drainage was 109.11±70.73 ml.There were four cases of popliteal vein thrombosis,nine cases of posterior tibial vein thrombosis,and seventeen cases of muscular venous thrombosis at one week postoperatively.The incidence rate of DVT was 11.0％.There was no symptomatic pulmonary embolism at three months postoperatively.Knee valgus angle was 7.34°±0.69°,and 211 knees accounting for 77.3％ were in the range of ±3° error.Femoral prosthesis flexion angle was 6.43°±1.59°,and 273 knees were all in the range of ±10° error.Range of knee motion improved from 54.52±5.96 preoperative to 86.20±4.92 at six weeks postoperative.HSS knee score improved from 100.88°±7.51° preoperative to 110.42°±7.08° at six weeks postoperative.Conclusion The new designed extramedullary femoral osteotomy module used in distal femoral osteotomy during TKA can significantly reduce the risk of bleeding and the incidence rate of DVT postoperatively.Furthermore,patients can obtain as excellent prosthesis position and limb alignment as conventional intramedullary system.

Genetic localization and clinical classification of congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles in 2 Chinese families / 眼科新进展

Objective To determine the pathogenic mutant gene and the classification for 2 Chinese families with congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM) by using candidate genes methods.Methyls All members in the 2 Chinese families with CFEOM were collected and underwent for clinical data collection,including medical history,physical examination and 5-8 mL peripheral venous blood for DNA extraction.Exon 2,8,20,21 of KIF21A,exon 1,2,3 of PHOX2A/ARIX,exon 1,2,3,and 4 of TUBB2B and exon 1,2,3,4 of TUBB3 were selected and synthesized by PCR,and the amplified samples were purified for sequences analysis by Chromas2.3 and DNAman7.0 software.Results There were 9 members developed CFEOM in family 1,with the typical CFEOM characteristics.The mutation site was located in KIF21A (exon 21),2860C ＞ T;and 4 patients in family 2 suffered this disease,and the typical CFEOM appearance features was in 3 patients.The mutation site was located in TBUU3 (exon 4),1249 G ＞ A.Conclusion The candidate genes methods can be used to identify the pathogenic genes of pedigrees with inherited diseases effectively.Family 1 belongs to CFEOM 1A type,which is the autosomal dominant inheritance with complete penetrance,and family 2 belongs to CFEOM 3A type,whivh is the autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance.