Associations between maternal parenting styles and preschool children s quality of life in Chengdu / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To investigate the association between maternal parenting styles and quality of life among preschools，to provide a scientific theoretical basis for interventions targeting at prmoting early life health.@*Methods@#From May to July, 2021, a stratified cluster sampling method was used to enroll 4 233 child mother dyads from 14 preschools in Chengdu. An online questionnaire survey was administered to collect socio demographic information, maternal parenting styles, and children s quality of life.@*Results@#The overall score of quality of life was (80.17±9.81) among preschool children in Chengdu. In the multivariate linear regression models, maternal emotional warmth were significantly associated with higher scores in emotional functioning, social functioning, school functioning, psychosocial health summary score, and total scores ( β coefficients in the high level group were 2.63 , 4.95 , 12.05, 6.54,4.88, P <0.05). In contrast, both maternal rejection and overprotection were significantly associated with lower scores in physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, school functioning, psychosocial health summary score, and the total scores of children s quality of life (for rejection: β coefficients in the high level group were -9.39, -10.82, -7.12 , -6.04 , -8.00, and -8.35 , respectively; for overprotection: β coefficients in the high level group were -6.71, -5.85, -3.08 , -2.39 , -3.77, and - 4.51 , respectively， P <0.05). The associations between high level of maternal rejection and children s emotional functioning showed significant gender differences( β =-3.23, P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Maternal parenting style has a significant impact on children s quality of life. Interventions targeting at maternal parenting styles may be beneficial to improve the quality of life in preschool children.

Analysis of mortality surveillance of residents in Minhang District of Shanghai from January to April in 2016-2020 / 上海预防医学

Objective:To characterize the mortality rate of residents in Minhang District of Shanghai from January to April in 2016-2020， and to determine the change in the epidemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 （COVID-19） in 2020. Methods:Data of mortality surveillance was collected from the death registry of Shanghai residents. Cause of death was coded and classified per the International Classification of Diseases （ICD-10）. The standardized mortality rate was calculated based on the standard population of China in 1990. The analysis was performed by Excel 2016 and SPSS 20.0. Results:From 2016 to 2020， the average crude mortality rate of residents was 281.75/100 000 from January to April in Minhang District of Shanghai， and the standardized mortality rate was 66.57/100 000. The top five causes of death in the latest five years were cardiovascular diseases， tumor， respiratory diseases， endocrine diseases， and injury and poisoning. The mortality rate was the lowest from January to April in 2020 in the past five years； furthermore， the mortality rate of respiratory system diseases has decreased significantly. Conclusion:Sex， age， place and causes of death in residents are consistent from January to April across years in Minhang District of Shanghai. However， there are minor differences in 2020， which may be attributable to the epidemic of COVID-19.

S100A4 Gene is Crucial for Methionine-Choline-Deficient Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

PURPOSE: To explore the influence of S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4) knockout (KO) on methionine-choline-deficient (MCD) diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: S100A4 KO mice (n=20) and their wild-type (WT) counterparts (n=20) were randomly divided into KO/MCD, Ko/methionine-choline-sufficient (MCS), WT/MCD, and WT/MCS groups. After 8 weeks of feeding, blood lipid and liver function-related indexes were measured. HE, Oil Red O, and Masson stainings were used to observe the changes of liver histopathology. Additionally, expressions of S100A4 and proinflammatory and profibrogenic cytokines were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot, while hepatocyte apoptosis was revealed by TUNEL staining. RESULTS: Serum levels of aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, triglyceride, and total cholesterol in mice were increased after 8-week MCD feeding, and hepatocytes performed varying balloon-like changes with increased inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen fibers; however, these effects were improved in mice of KO/MCD group. Meanwhile, total NAFLD activity scores and fibrosis were lower compared to WT+MCD group. Compared to WT/MCS group, S100A4 expression in liver tissue of WT/MCD group was enhanced. The expression of proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and profibrogenic cytokines (TGF-β1, COL1A1, α-SMA) in MCD-induced NAFLD mice were increased, as well as apoptotic index (AI). For MCD group, the expressions of proinflammatory and profibrogenic cytokines and AI in KO mice were lower than those of WT mice. CONCLUSION: S100A4 was detected to be upregulated in NAFLD, while S100A4 KO alleviated liver fibrosis and inflammation, in addition to inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.

Development of a Fluorescence Multiplex Amplification System with 24 Y-STR Loci / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To establish a novel multiplex amplification system which comprises 24 Y-STR loci.@*METHODS@#otal 24 Y-STR gene loci, concluding DYS531, DYS630, DYS622, DYS552, DYS510, DYS449, DYS459a/b, DYS446, DYS443, DYS635, DYS587, DYS527a/b, DYS460, Y-GATA-A10, DYS520, DYS557, DYS522, DYS481, DYS570, DYS385a/b, DYS444, were chosen for establishing the fluorescence multiplex amplification system. The specificity, identity, sensitivity, balance of the amplification, anti-interference and accuracy of the system were detected and the gene diversity was investigated in the population of Guangdong.@*RESULTS@#No band was found in nonhuman and female samples that were tested by the established multiplex amplification system. The same genotyping results were obtained from different tissues of the same person. Complete profiles could be obtained from more than 0.1 ng of the standard sample 9948. The loss of alleles was found when the common inhibitors such as hemoglobin and calcium ion were added 120-200 μmol/L and 1.5-2.0 mmol/L respectively to the system which with a strong anti-interference to the indigo, humic acid and EDTA. The typing of 24 Y-STR system could give the reliable results when 146 unrelated male individuals were detected and compared with the Yfiler system parallelly. The haplotype diversity （HD） of the population in Guangdong reached 0.999 72 that was better than the result retained from Yfiler system, which the HD was 0.998 58.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The fluorescence amplification system with 24 Y-STR loci established in present study has a wildly application prospect and can be used for cases inspection, paternity tests and Y-STR database construction.

Study on the relationship between air temperature and daily mortality in Minhang district, Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the association between air temperature and mortality in Minhang district, Shanghai.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Generalized additive model (GAM) to analyze time series was used. After controlling for medium-term and long-term trends,date in the week,situation of air pollution etc., this study estimated the association in virtue of quadratic curve and differential coefficient principle.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The study was able to estimate an optimum temperature range (11.67 degrees C-20.71degrees C) by relative risk and 95% confidence interval of deaths with air temperature variation. The mortality in Minhang district, Shanghai increased along with the fluctuation of temperature deviating from this range.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The findings from our study indicated that the current air temperature had an acute effect on mortality in Minhang district, Shanghai.</p>