ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the relationship between classroom lighting and poor vision of primary and middle school students of poor vision with classroom natural light selecting and artificial lighting, so as to provide reference and basis for the prevention and control of eyesight of primary and middle school students.@*Methods@#A total of 1 734 students from 45 classrooms in 7 primary and secondary schools (2 in primary school, 2 in junior high school, and 1 in vocational school) in Baiyun District, Guangzhou were selected by stratified cluster sampling method for research. The classroom lighting environment was monitored by the illuminometer, the naked eye vision of students was detected by 5 m standard logarithmic vision light box, and the basic information and myopia-related behaviors of students were investigated by questionnaire. And the correlation between poor vision of primary and middle school students and classroom lighting was analyzed.@*Results@#The poor vision rate of primary and middle school students in Baiyun District of Guangzhou was 74.2%(1 286), the girls’ rate(79.7%) was higher than boys’(69.4%), the rate of senior high school students(63.4%) was higher than that of middle school students(81.1%), the rate of vocational school students(82.8%) was higher that of primary school students(60.2%), the rate of resident students(78.5%) was higher than that of non-resident students(69.6%). The results of multivariate analysis after controlling for confangulation factors showed that average illumination on the blackboard, and uneven illumination on the desk were associated with higher risk of poor vision[OR(OR95%CI)=1.51(1.01-2.25), 1.42(1.02-1.98),P<0.05)].@*Conclusion@#Poor eyesight of primary and middle school students in Baiyun District of Guangzhou city is serious, especially that of female students, senior high school students and resident students. There is a significant correlation between classroom lighting and poor vision in primary and middle school students. The blackboard and desk lighting are associated with higher risk of poor vision in primary and middle school students.
ABSTRACT
Although the first-line rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone regimen (R-CHOP) substantially improved outcomes for patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 40% of the patients suffered from relapsed/refractory disease and had poor survival outcomes. The detailed mechanism underlying R-CHOP resistance has not been well defined. For this review, we conducted a thorough search for literature and clinical trials involving DLBCL resistance. We discussed DLBCL biology, epigenetics, and aberrant signaling of the B-cell receptor (BCR), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt, nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B-cells (NF-κB), and the Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) pathways as defining mechanisms of DLBCL heterogeneity and R-CHOP resistance. The cell of origin, double- or triple-hit lymphoma and double-protein-expression, clonal evolution, tumor microenvironment, and multi-drug resistance help to contextualize DLBCL resistance in an (epi)genetically and biologically comparative manner. With better understanding of the biological and molecular landscape of DLBCL, a more detailed classification system and tailored treatments will ideally become available to further improve the prognosis of DLBCL patients.