ABSTRACT
A fast and sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was established for the direct quantification of insulin aspart in human plasma. The plasma samples were extracted by solid phase extraction (SPE), an ESI ion source was used and operated in the positive ion mode with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Bovine insulin was chosen as internal standard and the chromatographic separation of insulin aspart was performed on Waters ACQUITY UPLC CSH C18 column (50 mm×2.1 mm, 1.7 μm). A mixture of acetic acid aqueous solution and acetonitrile with acetic acid at a flow rate of 0.6 mL·min-1 in gradient elution mode was employed as mobile phase. We found that the method was validated over the range of 0.200-10.0 ng·mL-1 for insulin aspart and showed excellent linearity. The intra-and inter-assay accuracy and precision were below 14.5% and the recovery was 36.7%-41.7% over the three concentration levels evaluated. The UPLC-MS/MS method was selective, accurate, sensitive and robust, and the method was successfully applied in supporting the pharmacokinetic research of two insulin aspart injections (Test Product and NovoRapid®) in heathy male subjects. This clinical trial was approved according to the Ethics Committee of West China Hospital, Sichuan University (2017 Clinical Trial (Western Medicine) Approval (148)).
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#Through the establishment of abortion model caused by embryo implantation difficulties, exploring the role of Yun Kang oral liquid in protecting embryos.@*METHODS@#The pregnant rats were divided into 6 groups:normal control group (NC), model group (MG), dydrogesterone group (DT), and three dose groups of low, medium and high levels of Yun Kang oral liquid (YK-L, YK-M, YK-H), 11 in each group.From the first day of pregnancy, daily intragastric administration, the dose of DT group was 3.02 mg/kg, and the doses of Yun Kang oral liquid were 4, 6, and 9 ml/kg, respectively.The rats in NC and MG were treated with an equal volume of purified water for 10 days.On the third day of pregnancy, except for the NC group, the other groups were injected with mifepristone subcutaneously at the back of the neck at a dose of 5 mg/kg to cause an embryo implantation barrier model.On the 10th day of pregnancy, blood was collected from the abdominal aorta in each group.Serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and interleukin (IL-4) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The number of embryo implantation was observed in the uterus, and the pathological changes of the uterus were observed by HE staining.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the NC group, the number of embryo implantation and the serum levels of FSH and IL-4 in the MG group were decreased significantly (< 0.05, 0.01), and pathological changes such as uterine glandular epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration in the glandular cavity were observed.Compared with MG group, the number of embryo implantation and serum FSH and IL-4 levels of rats in YK-M and YK-H groups were increased significantly (<0.05, 0.01).The pathological changes such as uterine glandular epithelial hyperplasia and inflammatory cell infiltration in the gland were also improved.There was no significant difference in serum IFN-γ levels between the groups.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Yun Kang oral liquid may improve the endometrial pathological changes and increase the number of embryo implantation by increasing the levels of serum sex hormone FSH and immune cytokine IL-4 in embryo implantation impediment rats.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Pregnancy , Rats , Cytokines , Embryo Implantation , Interferon-gamma , UterusABSTRACT
Matrine is one of the main active components extracted from Sophora flavescens, S. subprostrata and S. alopecuroides. In recent years, its anti-tumor activity has attracted wide attention. According to studies, matrine shows the anti-tumor effect through multiple channels such as inducing apoptosis and autophagy of cancer cells, arresting cell cycle, inhibiting tumor cell migration, angiogenesis and NF-kappaB, as well as the synergistic effect with chemotherapeutics. Along with the further studies on matrine's anti-tumor mechanism, it has a broad prospect for development and application in tumor clinical treatment.