Anti-metastatic Pharmacology Based on Tumor Microenvironment Regulation： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Tumor metastasis is the major cause of death for tumor patients and the key bottleneck of clinical treatment. In recent years， basic and clinical studies have recognized that tumor microenvironment （TME） is highly correlated with tumor metastasis， which provides hope for anti-metastatic drug development and clinical treatment. At present， the mainstream studies on TME represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors （ICIs） mainly focus on the rectification of immune function of T cells and B cells. However， a large number of studies have shown that the significance of other members of TME for tumor metastasis cannot be ignored， which greatly reflects the progress of anti-metastatic research based on TME regulation. This review focused on tumor metastasis， summarized the mechanism of action of non-T and non-B immune cells ［tumor-associated macrophages （TAMs） and tumor-associated neutrophils （TANs）］ and non-immune members ［vascular endothelial cells （ECs）， tumor-associated fibroblasts （CAFs）， and blood platelet］ in the process of tumor metastasis in TME based on the literature over the recent five years， and explored their key value in the treatment of metastasis. At the treatment level， this review focused on the perspective of the integration of frontier and traditional methods and took the functional homeostasis remodeling of TME as the entry point to summarize the activity and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） regulation of non-T and non-B immune cells and non-immune members and highlight its advantages and characteristics in clinical intervention of metastasis. This review helps to break through the limitations of over-reliance on T and B immune cells in anti-metastatic research， make the research rely on a wider range of cell groups， explore the potential value of TME in anti-metastatic drug intervention， and enrich the idea and strategy of understanding the anti-metastatic pharmacological activity. The review is also expected to provide a broader vision for the research and development of new anti-metastatic drugs.

Research progress in diabetic sarcopenia experiments / 中国糖尿病杂志

The occurrence of sarcopenia is closely related to diabetes mellitus(DM).The occurrence of sarcopenia in DM patients is often associated with insulin resistance,inflammation,myostatin and its complications.This article reviews the research progress of diabetic sarcopenia experiments.

Remyelination Regulated by microRNAs in Neurodegenerative Diseases： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Demyelination of the central nervous system often occurs in neurodegenerative diseases， such as multiple sclerosis （MS）. The myelin sheath， a layer of myelin membrane wrapping the axon， plays a role in the rapid conduction and metabolic coupling of impulses for neurons. The exposure of the axon will lead to axonal degeneratio， and further neuronal degeneration， which is the main cause of dysfunction and even disability in patients with demyelinating neurodegenerative diseases. In addition to the demyelination of mature myelin sheath， remyelination disorder is also one of the major reasons leading to the development of the diseases. The myelin sheath is composed of oligodendrocytes （OLs） derived from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells （OPCs） which are differentiated from neural stem cells （NSCs）. The process of myelin regeneration， i.e.， remyelination， is the differentiation of NSCs into OLs. Recent studies have shown that this process is regulated by a variety of genes. MicroRNAs， as important regulators of neurodegenerative diseases， form a complex regulatory network in the process of myelin regeneration. This review summarizes the main molecular pathways of myelin regeneration and microRNAs involved in this process and classifies the mechanisms and targets. This review is expected to provide a theoretical reference for the future research on the treatment of demyelinating diseases by targeting the regulation of microRNAs.

In vivo pharmacokinetics and in vitro-in vivo correlation of silymarin phospholipid complex microporous osmotic pump controlled-release tablets in beagle dogs / 药学实践与服务

Objective To evaluate the release characteristics in vitro, pharmacokinetics in rabbits and in vivo-in vitro correlation of silymarin phospholipid complex microporous osmotic pump controlled release tablets（SM-PC MPOP）. Methods The release characteristics of SM-PC MPOP in vitro were detected by HPLC in the artificial gastric fluid. Six beagle dogs were subjected to double cycle cross control, which were given SM-PC MPOP and Legalon（30 mg/kg）. The concentration of silybin in plasma was determined by HPLC and the data were processed by software. Results The cumulative release rate of SM-PC MPOP in vitro was over 85% in 12 h. The pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs showed that SM-PC MPOP and legalon conformed to double compartment first-order absorption model and the pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained: tmax:（3.2±0.4）and（0.9±0.1）h, Cmax:（0.298 6±0.068 9）and（0.629 9±0.076 5）μg/ml, AUC0→24:（2.996 8±0.583 3）and（2.268 9±0.432 8）h·μg /ml. The relative bioavailability of SM-PC MPOP was（162.21 ± 30.82）%. Conclusion SM-PC MPOP could release slowly, which could increase the relative bioavailability significantly. The correlation between the absorption in vivo and release in vitro was fine（r = 0.839 0）.

A case of erythrogenic protoporphyria with thyrotoxicosis and liver dysfunction in an adult female / 中南大学学报(医学版)

Erythropoietic protoporphyria(EPP)is an inherited metabolic disease caused by the deficiency in ferrochelatase(FECH)encoded by the FECH gene,and it is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner.EPP usually produces acute pain photosensitivity after exposure to sunlight in infancy or early childhood,and liver failure is the most serious associated complication.This article reported an adult female case of EPP complicated with thyrotoxicosis and liver dysfunction which is a rare condition.The patient's liver function improved after liver protection treatment,her thyroid function returned to normal,and her EPP symptoms improved significantly.Moreover,the c.286C＞T gene mutation may be the pathogenic locus of EPP.For patients with abnormal liver function,the possibility of EPP should be considered after the common causes are excluded,and FECH gene detection should be done to confirm the diagnosis in time.When EPP is associated with thyrotoxicosis and liver dysfunction,priority may be given to hepatoprotective therapy.

Application of the problem-based learning-case-based learning integrated teaching model in the training of clinical professional postgraduates on rotation in endocrinology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of the problem-based learning (PBL)-case-based learning (CBL) integrated teaching model in the training of clinical professional postgraduates on rotation in endocrinology.Methods:A total of 80 clinical professional postgraduates on rotation in endocrinology were randomly divided into experimental group (using PBL-CBL integrated teaching) and control group (using traditional teaching), with 40 students in each group, and the rotation period was 3 months. Professional examination scores were recorded for the two groups at the time of enrollment and graduation, and a questionnaire survey was performed to investigate their self-confidence, learning initiative, and interpersonal skills. SPSS 20.0 was used to perform the t-test and the chi-square test. Results:The two groups had similar conditions at baseline. After three months of rotation, the experimental group showed significant improvements in department examination scores, self-confidence, learning initiative, and interpersonal skills ( P<0.001). Conclusion:The PBL-CBL integrated teaching model has a better effect than traditional teaching and can help to improve the learning ability and performance of clinical professional postgraduates on rotation in endocrinology, and therefore, it holds promise for further application.

Revision of the family resilience assessment scale in patients with stroke and its reliability and validity test / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To revise the family resilience assessment scale (FRAS) in patients with stroke and to evaluate its psychometric properties and applicability.Methods:FRAS was authorized and translated into Chinese.The scale items were revised based on the interview results of 13 patients with stroke and 11 caregivers and the opinions of 20 experts in related fields.A convenience sampling method was used to sample neurology and neurosurgery inpatients from 2 tertiary hospitals in Hangzhou twice from June to November 2022, with 325 questionnaires (sample 1) distributed the first time for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, and 285 questionnaires (sample 2) distributed the second time for confirmatory factor analysis, criterion validity and reliability test.Data analysis was conducted by SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0.Results:The exploratory factor analysis extracted 6 common factors(family beliefs, family spirit, family connection, family resources, family communication, family collaboration) with 32 items.Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit well( χ2/ df=2.67, RMSEA=0.025, CFI=0.98, GFI=0.90, IFI=0.98, RMR=0.031). The cronbach's α coefficient of the total scale was 0.96, and 0.82-0.92 for the dimensions.The 2-week retest reliability was 0.99.The total scale score was positively correlated with the validity scale (family resilience scale) ( r=0.882, P<0.001). Conclusion:The family resilience scale for patients with stroke has good reliability and validity and can be used to assess the family resilience of patients with stroke.

Research advances in the early predictive factors for non-neoplastic portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis / 临床肝胆病杂志

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is one of the common complications in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis, including non-neoplastic PVT and portal vein tumor thrombus after the onset of primary liver cancer. It can lead to the deterioration of liver function, aggravate the portal hypertension-related adverse events including esophagogastric variceal bleeding, reduce the survival rate of patients after liver transplantation, and even threaten the life of patients in severe cases. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to further explore the risk factors and early predictive factors for PVT. This article elaborates on the recent advances in the early predictive factors for non-neoplastic PVT in liver cirrhosis from the aspects of the three elements of thrombosis, the severity of liver injury, and the endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varices. The analysis of related research shows that some early predictive factors are clearly associated with the formation of PVT, which provides help for the early identification of PVT; however, specific predictive values may be unclear or have certain differences, which needs to be confirmed by multicenter prospective studies.

Appropriate degree of neuromuscular block for monitoring abnormal muscle response during microvascular decompression / 中华麻醉学杂志

Objective:To determine the appropriate degree of neuromuscular block (NMB) for abnormal muscle response (AMR) monitoring during microvascular decompression.Methods:Fifty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 20-64 yr, with body mass index≤30 kg/m 2, who were diagnosed with facial spasm before surgery, scheduled for elective microvascular decompression, were selected.Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.05-0.10 mg/kg, sufentanil 0.3-0.5 μg/kg and propofol 1.5-2.5 mg/kg. After patients lost consciousness, electrophysiological monitoring was performed, the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve was stimulated, and the baseline of AMR was recorded in the mental muscle.NMB was monitored with TOF-Watch SX monitor.After rocuronium 0.6 mg/kg was intravenously injected, the amplitude and latency of AMR were measured at different degrees of NMB (100%, 75%, 50% and 25%). The amplitude reservation ratio (the ratio of the amplitude of AMR monitored to the baseline value) was calculated.Linear correlation of the amplitude reservation ratio or latency of AMR with the degree of NMB was analyzed.The criteria for determining the appropriate degree of NMB in AMR monitoring were: 1.amplitude reservation ratio of AMR≥50%; 2.no body movement during electrical stimulatation of facial nerve. Results:No patients had any body movement during electrical stimulation performed at different degrees of NMB.The amplitude reservation ratio ( Y) was negatively correlated with the degree of NMB ( X) ( r=-0.943, t=-42.73, P<0.001), the linear regression equation of the interaction between the degree of NMB ( X) and the amplitude reservation ratio (Y) was Y=90.36-0.894 7 X, and the coefficient of determination R2 was 0.8804 ( F=1825.41, P<0.001). The amplitude reservation ratio ( Y) was positively correlated with the degree of NMB ( X) ( r=0.879, t=28.67, P<0.001) in the latency period, the linear regression equation of the interaction between the degree of NMB ( X) and the latency ( Y) was Y=10.77+ 0.074 3 X, and the coefficient of determination R2 was 0.7681 ( F=821.30, P<0.001). The estimated appropriate degree of NMB for AMR monitoring during microvascular decompression was 25%-45%. Conclusions:The appropriate degree of NMB for AMR monitoring during microvascular decompression was 25%-45%.

Effects of attention and interpretation therapy on fatigue and sleep quality in patients with gastrointestinal tumor during chemotherapy / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of attention and interpretation therapy on fatigue and sleep quality in patients with gastrointestinal tumor during chemotherapy.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2019, eighty-four patients with gastrointestinal tumor hospitalized in two hospitals (third-grade class-A) in Ningxia were selected as the research objects. According to the random number table, they were divided into the control group and the observation group with 42 cases in each group. Patients in the two groups received routine care. On this basis, the observation group received 10 weeks of attention and interpretation therapy. Cancer patients fatigue scale and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) scale were used to evaluate before intervention, 10 weeks after intervention and 3 months after intervention. SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Independent sample t-test and repeated measure analysis of variance were used for comparison between groups. Results:(1) The time effect, inter group effect and interaction effect of fatigue total scores and each dimension score of the two groups were significant (all P<0.01). Further simple effect analysis showed that there were significant differences in the total score and each dimension score of fatigue between the control group and the observation group at 10 weeks after intervention and 3 months after intervention (all P<0.01). (2) The time effect, inter group effect and interaction effect of PSQI total score, sleep quality, sleep time, sleep disorder score were significant (all P<0.01), but the time effect, inter group effect and interaction effect of sleep efficiency, daytime dysfunction and hypnotic drug use score were not significant (all P>0.05). Further simple effect analysis showed that there were significant differences in PSQI total score, sleep quality, sleep time, sleep time and sleep disorder scores between the control group and the observation group 10 weeks after the intervention(PSQI total score (6.83±2.46) vs (10.79±1.01); sleep quality (1.00±0.22) vs (1.24±0.82); sleep time (0.91±0.26) vs (1.40±0.86); sleep time (1.00±0.20) vs (2.02±0.72); sleep disorder (0.79±0.22) vs (1.60±0.59) and 3 months after the intervention(all P<0.01). Conclusion:Attention and interpretation therapy can effectively alleviate the fatigue of gastrointestinal tumor patients during chemotherapy, and improve sleep quality.

The change of blood gas and C reactive protein of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patient with pretherapy and post-treatment of continuous positive airway pressure / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective@#To observe the efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) and its affection on patients′ blood gas analysis, C reactive protein(CRP) levels.@*Methods@#This prospective study was performed from October 2016 to July 2017. Fifty hospitalized adult patients with medium or severe OSAHS, who were diagnosed by polysomnography (PSG) in Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, were collected as a case group. Those patients met the standards of medium or severe OSAHS, among whom 40 were male, 10 were female, the age was between 30 and 65, with a mean age of (47.24±10.28) years, and BMI was (27.94±3.43) kg/m2. Meanwhile, 50 healthy individuals were chose in the same term as a control group, among whom 37 were male, 13 were female, the age was between 29 and 69, with a mean age of (51.28±10.58) years, body mass index(BMI) was (26.98±2.70) kg/m2, and apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was<5/h. The differences of blood gas analysis pH, arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2), arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), CRP before and after the treatment of CPAP in case group and in the control group were compared. The choosing data were disposed and analyzed with statistics software of SPSS 20.0. Among which t test was adopted for measurement data, χ2 test was adopted for enumeration data, and nonparametric rank sum test was adopted for other measurement data.@*Results@#Before the CPAP treatment, pH, PaO2 and SaO2 levels in case group were lower than that in control group, respectively [7.34±0.03 vs. 7.37±0.04, (75.93±9.08) mmHg vs. (80.07±10.94) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), (89.71±6.09) mmHg vs.(93.29±5.36) mmHg, all P<0.05]. Both PaCO2 level and CRP were higher than that in control group [(43.02±8.43) mmHg vs.(39.26±8.20) mmHg, 1.28[0.27,5.83] mg/L(Median[P25,P75]) vs. 0.51[0.21,2.13] mg/L, both P<0.05]. After the CPAP treatment, pH(7.36±0.04), PaO2 [(80.28±9.96) mmHg] and SaO2 [(92.94±4.01) mmHg] level in case group were increased than pretreatment, respectively. Moreover, PaCO2 level [(39.46±8.36) mmHg] and CRP(0.44[0.21,3.40] mg/L) are decreased than pretreatment (P<0.05), respectively.@*Conclusion@#The CRP and blood gas analyses are significant index to evaluate the state of an illness and to estimate the prognosis of disease of OSAHS, which is deserved to generalize.

Study on Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund in the United States and Its Enlightenment to China / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To provide applicable suggestions for exploring the establishement of the vaccination rare adverse reactions compensation fund in China. METHODS ：Through literature research and regulation review ， the establishment background，compensation principle ，management and operation mode （including management methods ，source，uses and risk control measures）of Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Fund in the United States were introduced in details ，while the operation effect was evaluated ，and the suggestions for the establishment of the vaccination rare adverse reactions compensation fund in China were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：The U.S. National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program （VICP）imposed a certain proportion of vaccine excise tax on each dose of vaccine sold by vaccine companies ，and established the Vaccine Injury Compensation T rust F und as its fixed source of compensation funds to provide compensation for vaccine victims. The fund belonged to the special needs trust. When the vaccine victims met the compensation conditions ，they can convert their compensation rights into the beneficial rights under the trust law. The fund was managed by the Fund Management Branch under U.S. Dept. of the Treasury，and it took a variety of risk control measures such as capital guaranteed investment ，subrogation，emergency preparedness. As of 2018，a large number of fund balances had been accumulated ，which was sufficient to ensure the solvency of VICP. It is suggested that China fully learn from the successful experience of the Vaccine Injury Compensation Trust Tund of the United States ， based on the domestic reality ，start from improving the relevant legislation of the compensation fund ，building the compensation management system ，making clear the source and usage of the fund ，taking various risk control measures ，so as to explore the establishment of China ’s vaccination rare adverse reactions compensation fund ，further expand the financing channels ，stabilize the source of funds ，and improve the compensation effect.

Transforming growth factor beta-1 promotes migration and invasion of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells through TRAF6-mediated activation of Notch3 signaling pathway / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose: Abnormal expression and amplification of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and Notch3 in ovarian carcinoma tissues are associated with metastasis and low survival rate, respectively. The crosstalk between TGF-β1 and Notch3 signaling pathway promotes invasion and metastasis in various cancers. However, the mechanism is still under debate. Therefore, this study was designed, using in vitro cytological assays, to investigate the effects of TGF-β1 and Notch3 signaling pathway on ovarian cancer cell biological behavior and the potential mechanisms in terms of the crosstalk between TGF-β1 and Notch3 signaling pathway. Methods: Hey A8 and Hey cell lines were used as models in the study. The levels of TGF-β1 in supernatants from culture media were measured by ELISA. Both cell lines were treated with 500 ng/mL TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody (control group), 10 ng/mL TGF-β1, 50 μmol/L DAPT, 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 and 50 μmol/L DAPT, 50 μmol/L tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) peptide inhibitor, 10 ng/mL TGF-β1 and 50 μmol/L TRAF6 peptide inhibitor, respectively. The protein expression levels of TGF-β1 and Notch3 signaling pathway molecules as well as TRAF6 from cell lines with different treatments were detected by Western blot. Cell proliferation, migration and invasion were tested by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), scratch and Transwell assays, respectively. Results: The levels of TGF-β1 were timedependently increased in supernatants of culture media from Hey A8 and Hey cell lines. Compared with control group, TGF-β1 treatment increased the expression levels of Notch3-ICD and Hes1, while no obvious change was observed in the group treated with DAPT and TGF-β1. Moreover, TGF-β1 promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion while DAPT decreased the proliferation, migration and invasion in cell lines treated with TGF-β1. These results indicated that TGF-β1 might promote proliferation, invasion and migration of ovarian epithelial cancer cells through activating the Notch3 signaling pathway. Further study showed that TGF-β1 up-regulated TRAF6 and activated the Notch3 signaling pathway. The activation of the Notch3 signaling pathway by TGF-β1 was inhibited in cells treated with the TRAF6 specific inhibitor. Conclusions: TGF-β1 may promote the proliferation, invasion and migration of ovarian epithelial carcinoma cells through TRAF6-mediated activation of the Notch3 signaling pathway.

Significance of pathogen detection in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and changes of PCT,CRP and pulmonary function / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the pathogenic characteristics of patients with ventilator associated pneumonia ,and analyze the correlation with the changes of serum procalcitonin (PCT ) ,C reactive protein (CRP) and pulmonary function .Methods 110 cases of patients with ventilator associated pneumonia was selected in a hospital from October 2014 to October 2016 as pathogenic groups .At the same time ,patients treated with ventilator adjuvant therapy for the same period without infection as non-pathogenic group (120 cases) ,selecting the same period of physical examination no abnormal patients as the healthy group (95 cases) ,detection and analysis of pathogenic characteristics in patients with ventilator associated pneumonia , detection of the serum levels of PCT ,CRP and lung function .Analyzed the correlation with the changes of ser-um PCT ,CRP and pulmonary function .Results 210 strains of pathogens were isolated from the secretions of 110 patients with pathogenic groups ,among them ,90 strains of Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 42 .85%, Gram-type negative bacteria accounted for 119 cases accounted for 56 .67% and a strain of fungus .The levels of PCT and CRP in the non-pathogenic group and pathogenic group were significantly higher than those in the healthy group ,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) .Serum PCT and CRP levels in the patho-genic group were significantly higher than those in the non-pathogenic group and the healthy group ,the differ- ence was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) .Logistic multiple regression analysis was used to analyze the inde-pendent risk factors of ventilator-associated pneumonia in patients .The duration of invasive ventilation ,gram-negative oropharyngeal bacteria count ,age and past history of COPD were independent risk factors ,with sig-nificant difference (P＜0 .05) .Patients in the pathogenic group had a forced expiratory volume (FEV1) ,forced vital capacity (FVC) ,forced expiratory force occupancy force ratio (FEV1/FVC) ,the first second percentage of forced vital capacity occupies vital capacity (FEV1%)were significantly higher than those in the non-patho-genic group and the healthy group ,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) .FEV1 ,FVC ,FEV1/FVC and FEV1% in the non-pathogenic group and pathogenic group were significantly higher than those in the healthy group ,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0 .05) .Conclusion Gram-negative bacteria predominate in ventilator-associated pneumonia .

Analysis of Cardiac ADR Induced by Quinolones in Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and causes of cardiac ADR induced by quinolones,and to provide reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Three thousaud two hundred and eighty-eighe 8 patients receiving common quinolones were selected from clinical departments in Zhengzhou Central Hospital of Zhengzhou University during Mar. 2012-Mar. 2016. Retro-spective analysis was conducted in terms of patients’age and gender,clinical departments,main clinical manifestations,route of administration,underlying disease,drug combination. The reasons for cardiac ADR were analyzed. RESULTS:Among 3 288 pa-tients,there were 34 patients(1.03%)with cardiac ADR. Among them,the incidence of cardiac ADR in patients over 50 years old was as high as 76.47%;patients with cardiac ADR were mainly in the respiration department,gastroenterology department and urology department,accounting for 76.47%;most of patients were from gastroenterology department(29.41%). In cardiac ADR, the main clinical manifestations were QTc interval prolongation torsadesde poiutes(TdP)and TdP,accounting for 58.82%. Among them,patients with QTc interval prolongation TdP occupied the highest proportion,there was no statistical significance compared to TdP(P>0.05);there was statistical significance in the difference with other clinical manifestations(P<0.05). Among common-ly used quinolones,levofloxacin(32.35%)and ciprofloxacin(41.18%)caused large proportion of cardiac ADR,there was statisti-cal significance compared to norfloxacin,moxifloxacin and other quinolones(P<0.05). The proportion of cardiac ADR induced by intravenous dripping(91.18%)was much higher than oral administration(8.82%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). Among patients with cardiac ADR,the patients with underlying disease (94.12%) and drug combination (91.18%) occupied the higher proportion,there was statistical significance compared to the patients without underlying disease and drug combination(P<0.01). Among drug combination,the patients receiving amiodarone (29.41%) and salbutamol (20.59%) occupied the large proportion, there was statistical significance compared to other types of drug combination(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Cardiac ADR induced by quinolones in our hospital mostly occurs in respiration department,gastroenterology department and urology department,and mainly manifests as QTc interval prolongation TdP and TdP. The incidence of cardiac ADR may be greatly increased in elderly pa-tients,patients with underlying diseases,and drug combination as well as intravenous infusion. Therefore,clinicians should select suitable quinolones,and make reasonable individualized dosage regimen.

The expression of miR-424* in vivo and in vitro irradiated A549 cells, tissue and serum samples of non-small cell lung cancer / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-424* in 2 and 4 Gy X-ray irradiated A549 cells in vitro and in vivo,as well as in clinical lung tissues and serum sample of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients,and to explore its potential role in the diagnosis and prognosis of lung cancer.Methods A549 cells were irradiated with 2 and 4 Gy X-rays,and some of irradiated cells were injected into nude mice through tail vein.Real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was employed to detect the expression of miR-424 * in 2 and 4 Gy X-ray irradiated A549 cells in vitro and in vivo,as well as in clinical lung tissues and serum sample of lung cancer patients.Results Compared with the control group,the expression of miR-424* was up-regulated significantly in X-ray irradiated A549 cells at 1,2,12,24 and 48 hpost irradiation,respectively (2 Gy:t =-45.886--6.709,P ＜0.05;4 Gy:t =-29.087--7.833,P ＜ 0.05).Furthermore,the expression of miR-424 * was up-regulated in the lung and serum of nude mice with injection of 0,2 and 4 Gy X-ray irradiated A549 cells,compared with control group (fold change was 9.72,8.58 and 4.7 with 2 Gy irradiation and 11.93,9.22 and 8.99 with 4 Gy irradiation,t=-13.243,-12.409,-9.833 in lung andt=-6.436,-3.052,-3.609 in serum,respectively,P ＜ 0.05).Out of 11 tissue samples of NSCLC patients,6 were detected with up-regulated miR-424* expression,and no significant discrepancy of miR-424* expression was detected in two type of NSCLC tissue samples.On the contrary,43 serum samples were detected with up-regulated miR-424* expression out of 84 serum samples (51.20％) of NSCLC patients (fold change range 1.97 to 17.71),and significant discrepancy of miR-424* expression was shown in two subtypes of NSCLC serum samples [adenocarcinoma:39.10％ (18/46) and squamous carcinoma:65.8％ (25/38)],as well as in serum samples of NSCLC patients with radiotherapy [41.5％ (22/53)] and without radiotherapy [67.7％ (21/31)] (t=5.919,5.387,P ＜0.05,respectively).Conclusions 2 and 4 Gy X-ray irradiation could up-regulate the expression of miR-424* in A549 cells,which might be correlated with the enhanced metastasis of A549 cells induced by X-ray in vivo and in vitro.Furthermore,the expression of miR-424* was up-regulated in over 50％ of the tissue and serum samples of NSCLC patients,which might be correlated with the diagnosis of NSCLC subtype and prognosis of radiotherapy.

Protective effect of ellagic acid on acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in mice and its mechanism / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the protective effect of ellagic acid on the acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) of the mice,and to explore its possible mechanism.Methods:A total of 50 mice were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,low,medium and high doses of ellagic acid groups (n=10).The mice in normal control group and model group were treated with 1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solvent by intragastic administration,and the mice in ellagic acid groups were treated with 160,320,and 480 mg·kg-1 ellagic acid by intragastic administration,respectively.After 14 d,the mice in model group and different doses of ellagic acid groups were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mL·kg-1 0.1% CCl4,while the mice in normal control group were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mL·kg-1plant oil.16 h later,all the mice were sacrificed and the body weights and the liver indexes of the mice were detected;the serum levels of alanine transaminase(ALT),aspartate transaminase(AST) were detected;the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and levels of GSH-Px,malonalde hyde(MDA) and catalase(CAT) in liver tissue of the mice were detected.Results:There were no significant differences of the body weights of the mice between each group before and after treatment(P>0.05).Compared with normal control group,the liver indexes and the levels of serum ALT and AST of the mice in model group and different doses of ellagic acid groups were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with model group,the liver indexes of the mice in different doses of ellagic acid groups were decreased(P<0.05);the serum levels of ALT and AST of the mice in high dose of ellagic acid group were significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the CAT level in liver homogenate was significantly increased (P<0.05);the levels of GSH-Px in liver homogenate of the mice in medium and high doses of ellagic acid groups were significantly increased (P<0.05);the activities of SOD in liver homogenate of the mice in different doses of ellagic acid groups were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the MDA levels were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Conclusion:The ellagic acid has the protective effect on acute chemical liver injury in the mice induced by CCl4 and the most effective dose is 480 mg·kg-1;its mechanism may be related to the anti-oxidation.

Extraction Optimization of Total Flavonoids from Oxytropis Falcata Bunge by Central Composite Design-response Surface Methodology / 中国药师

Objective: To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids from Oxytropis falcata bunge.Methods: With the content of total flavonoids as the index,and based on the results of single factor tests, central composite design-response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the extraction technology with the solvent amount, ethanol concentration and extraction time as the factors.Results: The optimal extraction conditions were as follows: extracted twice with 20-fold amount of 66% ethanol, and 84 minute per time.Under the above conditions, the extraction rate of total flavonoids was up to 23.21 mg·g-1.Conclusion: The central composite design-response surface methodology is convenient and highly predictive for the extraction optimization of total flavonoids from oxytropis falcata bunge.

Identification and analysis of arsenic interactors byEscherichia coli proteome microarray / 上海交通大学学报（医学版）

Objective · To globally study the influence of arsenite to the various biological pathways of Escherichia coli as a model organism.Methods · The protein-arsenite interactions was globally studied based on a proteome microarray constructed by 4256 affinity-purified Escherichia coli proteins. The functions of interacting proteins and their network were then analyzed by bioinformatics. Results · 91 proteins that remarkably interact with arsenic were successfully identified. Bioinformatics analysis found that most of the proteins possess catalytic activityand are involved in various biosynthesis and cellular metabolism pathways. The interactions of arsenic with proteins encoded by malY, cfa and hypF genes were further validated by Western blotting, which proves the results of proteome microarray reliable. Conclusion · Arsenite interacts with a variety of enzymes ofEscherichia coli and can greatly affect its biological metabolism.

Clinical features of late-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders / 天津医药

Objective To explore the clinical features of late-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (LON?MOSD). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate 61 patients with LONMOSD admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to May 2015. Results (1) The median age at onset was 57 (53, 63) years, male/female was 1∶3.7. Thirty-two patients (52.5%) had transverse myelitis (TM) and 16 patients (26.2%) had optic neuritis (ON) at the disease onset. Fifty-one patients (83.6%) experienced recurrent attacks. Forty patients (65.6%) showed abnormal brain magnetic resonance imag?ing (MRI). Spinal cord MRI showed more frequently present in thoracic regions (39.3%). (2) There were no significant differ?ences in clinical features between AQP-4 seropositive and seronegative groups. (3) By Spearman analysis, it was obvious that EDSS scores at acute phase and remission were positively correlated to AQP-4 antibody levels (rs=0.389, P0.05;rs=0.096, P>0.05). Conclusion LONMOSD patients are more prone to present with TM at onset and have more lesions in thoracic spinal cord and brain. The AQP-4 antibody titres can indicate the severity of disease in acute phase.