ABSTRACT
Paeoniae Radix Rubra is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used in clinical practice， it is mostly wild and widely distributed in different areas of China. In addition， the plant of Paeoniae Radix Rubra also has ornamental value. Modern phytochemical researches showed that the chemical constituents of Paeoniae Radix Rubra were complex. Up to now， more than 300 chemical constituents have been found， mainly including monoterpene glycosides， triterpenoids， flavonoids， tannins， phenolic acids， saccharides， steroids， volatile oils and so on. Among them， the content of monoterpene glycosides was the highest， and the types of volatile oil were the most. Paeoniae Radix Rubra has a wide range of pharmacological effects， exerting different curative effects in multiple systems such as blood， cardiovascular， nervous and digestive system. It can protect myocardial cells and nerve cells， stabilize microcirculation， anti-endotoxin， anti-atherosclerosis， reduce pulmonary hypertension， anti-depression， protect liver， anti-gastric ulcer， anti-tumor， slow down aging， treat Parkinson's syndrome and diabetes and its complications， anti-radiation， anti-inflammatory， anti-virus and so on. Through reviewing the literature on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Paeoniae Radix Rubra， it was found that total glycosides and monomers such as paeoniflorin， albiflorin， benzoylpaeoniflorin and gallic acid may be the main active components of Paeoniae Radix Rubra. At present， the research on Paeoniae Radix Rubra mainly focused on monoterpene glycosides， while the research on flavonoids and volatile oil in Paeoniae Radix Rubra was less. It is suggested that research on these two components should be strengthened in the future.
ABSTRACT
Radix Paeoniae Alba, one of the common Chinese medicinal materials, comes from the dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall, and mainly contains monoterpene glycosides, triterpenoids, flavonoids, tannins and other chemical constituents. At present, 140 chemical constituents have been isolated from Radix Paeoniae Alba, including 55 volatile oils, 33 monoterpenes and their glycosides, 13 flavonoids, 10 tannins, 9 organic acids, 9 triterpenes, 4 mixed terpenoids, 4 steroids and 3 phenylethanol glycosides. Modern pharmacological research has showed that Radix Paeoniae Alba has anti-inflammatory, liver protecting, analgesic, blood nourishing and other pharmacological effects. This paper summarizes the research results of chemical composition and pharmacological action of Radix Paeoniae Alba, in order to provide reference for expanding the clinical application and further development of Radix Paeoniae Alba.
ABSTRACT
Salvia miltiorrhiza is one of the most common traditional Chinese medicines. It has rich resources in China. According to modern studies, phenolic acids are the main effective components in S. miltiorrhiza. These components have cardiovascular and cerebrovascular protective effect, and anti-tumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic activities, etc. It has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and others. In this paper, the chemicals and pharmacological effects of phenolic acids from S. miltiorrhiza were summarized in the last decade. Its researches and development prospects were also analyzed for further studying and comprehensive utilization of these phenolic acids.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprint and its evaluation system for the whole plant of Phyllanthus urinaria. Methods: Diamonsil C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm)was used with acetonitrile and 0.2% acetic acid solution in gradient elution mode. The detective wavelength was 270 nm and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The fingerprints for the whole plant of P. urinaria and phenolic acids part from nine different sources were set up, the similarity assay for the whole plant of P. urinaria from nine different sources was carried out to evaluate their quality by Chinese material medica (CMM) fingerprint similarity evaluation system ( 2004A edition), and the peaks were identified by comparing the reference substance with LC-MS/MS. Results: The common mode of HPLC fingerprints for the whole plant of P. urinaria were set up. There were 16 common peaks in the fingerprints and eight peaks were identified. The cluster analysis and principal component analysis were applied to studying the HPLC fingerprint and chemical pattern recognition. Conclusion: The combination of fingerprint and chemical pattern recognition is an effective method for the quality control of the whole plant of P. urinaria. The study lays the foundation for the full quality evaluation for the whole plant of P. urinaria.
ABSTRACT
This study is to establish the fingerprint for Phyllanthus emblica and their tannin parts from different habitats by HPLC for its quality control. The determination was carried out on a Diamonsil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column, with methanol-0.2% glacial acetic acid as mobile phase with gradient elution at a flow rate of 1 mL x min(-1). The temperature was maintained at 30 degrees C and the detected wavelength is 260 nm, Thirteen chromatographic peaks were extracted as the common peaks of the fingerprint of P. emblica, and eleven as the common peaks of P. emblica tannin parts, and five peaks were identified by comparing with referent samples. The fingerprints of 8 samples were compared and classified by similarity evaluation, cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The similarity degrees of eight P. emblica were between 0.763 and 0.993, while tannin parts were between 0.903 and 0.991. All the samples of P. emblica and their tannin parts were classified into 3 categories. The method was so highly reproducible, simple and reliable that it could provide basis for quality control and evaluation of P. emblica from different habitats.