ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the constituent ratio and the drug resistance tendency of the common pathogens in hospital in order to provide the basis for rational clinical drug use and control of nosocomial infection .Methods The pathogenic bacteria iso‐lated from the various submitted clinical specimens and their drug resistance in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were performed the retrospective analysis .Results A total of 1 325 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated ,among them 889 strains (67 .10% ) were Gram‐negative cocci ,284 strains(21 .43% ) were Gram‐positive cocci and 152 strains (11 .47% ) were fun‐gi .The top five of isolated strains were Escherichia coli ,Klebsiella pneumonia ,Pseudomonas aeruginos ,Staphyloccocus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii .Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia were highly resistant to imipenem with the resistance rate of 3 .7% ,but carbapenems‐resistant strain(CRE) was detected out .The resistant rateof Pseudomonas aeruginos to meropenem was in‐creased and which to imipenem was decreased .The resistant rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to meropenem and imipenem were o‐ver 44 .83% .The detection rate of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA ) was decreased from 69 .05% to 54 .05% . Enterococcus faecium was highly sensitive to vancomycin ,linezolid ,teicoplanin and furadantin .But vacomycin‐resistant strains (VRE) were found .Conclusion The drug resistance of common pathogens causing nosocomial infection is serious in our hospital . Therefore ,it is very important to strengthen the monitoring of bacterial drug resistance ,rationally use antimicrobial drugs and adopt the effective measure of infection control to prevent and reduce the generation of drug‐resistant pathogens .
ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the effects of drug resistance control countermeasures and the existing problem to provide the scientific basis for containing the drug resistance.Methods Hospital adopted a series of the comprehensive countermeasures for controlling the drug resistance during 2012-2013.The drug resistance rate of top three bacterial strains isolated from the inpatient department and ICU during these two years,submitted examination rate of specimens,consumption amount of hand hygiene prod-ucts per hospitalization day,the prevalence rate,times of the early warning of the hospital infection;use rate of antibacterial drugs, use density of antibacterial drugs and detection rate of the important drug-resistant bacteria were analyzed and their changes during these two years were compared.Results The drug resistance rate of the top three bacteria isolated from the inpatient department of the whole hospital was decreased during these two years,the difference was statistically significant(P <0.05).The resistance rate in ICU except ABA had statistical difference (P <0.05).The examination rate of specimens and the amount of hand hygiene prod-uct consumption per hospitalization day were increased year by year;the prevalence rate and the times of the early warning of the hospital infection remained stable;the use rate of antibacterial drugs,use density of antibacterial drugs and detection rate of the im-portant drug-resistant bacteria showed the decreasing trend.Conclusion A series of comprehensive drug resistance control meas-ures have the effects in this hospital,but the little effect in ICU.The prevalence rate and the times of the early warning of the hospi-tal infection remain stable,the use rate of antibacterial drugs,use density of antibacterial drugs and detection rate of the drug-resist-ant bacteria are decreased.The countermeasures should be continuously improved for controlling the generation of drug resistance.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the guidance significance of sputum smear on the sputum culture by comparing the micro-scopic detection results of sputum smear with the sputum culture results in 227 cases.Methods 227 cases of sputum specimen were collected for observing the character and smear staining by microscopy.These specimens were divided into the class A,B,C and D according to the standards and simultaneously conducted the culture.The relationship between smear and culture was analyzed.Reˉ sults Among 227 cases of sputum specimen,158 cases were qualified and accounted for 69.60%,and 69 cases were unqualified and accounted for 30.40%.Potential pathogens were detected in 128 cases,the positive detection rate was 56.39%,the positive detec-tion rate of qualified sputum specimens was 70.39% and which of unqualified sputum specimens was 28.00%.The coincidence rate of qualified sputum specimen smear results and the culture results was 72.78%.The positive rate of cytophagic bacteria in the qual-ified sputum specimens was 11.72%,in which 14 cases of cytophagic bacteria were the qualified class A sputum specimens with the positive rate of 16.67% and 5 cases of cytophagic bacteria were the class B sputum specimens with the positive rate of 6.76 %. Conclusion The sputum smear microscopic detection can provide the important information for the diagnosis and treatment of re-spiratory infections and the sputum smear has the important guiding significance for sputum culture.