ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin on the proliferation,migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells SW579 and its mechanism. METHODS:Cells were divided into blank control group,paclitaxel group (3μmol/L),cisplatin group(30 μmol/L),drug combination group(paclitaxel 3 μmol/L+cisplatin 30 μmol/L). 48 h after culture,the relative cell activity was measured by MTT assay. Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. Migration and invasion of cell was tested by Transwell assay. The expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten(PTEN),protein kinase B(AKT),Cyclin D1,p27,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were detected by Western blot. RESULTS:Compared with blank control group,relative cell activity of all treatment groups were decreased;paclitaxel or plus cisplatin also made cell cy-cle arrest in G1 phase,and migration and invasion ability of cell were decreased;the expression of PTEN and p27 remarkably in-creased,while the expression of Cyclin D1,MMP-2,MMP-9 and phosphorylation of AKT were obviously reduced,with statisti-cal significance (P<0.05). Compared with single drug group,the effect of drug combination group strengthened,with statistical significance in above indicators(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The inhibition effect of paclitaxel combined with cisplatin on the pro-liferation,migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells SW579 cell will be strengthened,by a mechanism of up-regulating the ex-pression of PTEN and p27,down-regulating the expression of Cyclin D1,MMP-2 and MMP-9,inhibiting phosphorylation of AKT.
ABSTRACT
Objective To use the superior sagittal sinus (SSS) as an example to identify anatomical features of the bridging veins(BVs) draining into the SSS in both susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and three dimensional contrast enhancement MR venography (3D-CEMRV) images.Methods A total of 20 healthy volunteers (40 sides) were examined in this study.The venograms of each patient was obtained from SWI (40 sides out of 20 volunteers) and 3D-CE MRV (40 sides out of 20 volunteers).The data were analyzed by t test.Results According to their draining location with respect to the SSS,bridging veins were devided into two groups.Between the anterior group and the posterior group were two segments of the SSS into which few bridging veins drained.Observed by 3D-CE MRV and SWI,the average numbers of the anterior group were 1.9 ± 0.6 and 3.2 + 0.8,respectively,and the average diameters of the anterior group were (3.4 ± 1.1 ) and (2.1 +0.5 ) mm,respectively.These differences between 3D-CE MRV and SWI images were significant ( t =11.23,9.76,P ＜0.0l ).Observed by 3D-CE MRV and SWI,the average numbers of the posterior group were 3.5 + 1.2 and 5.9 ± 1.1,respectively,and the average diameters of the posterior group were ( 3.7 ± 0.9 ) and ( 2.9 ± 0.7 ) mm,respectively.The differences between the two technique were significant as well ( t =11.51,8.47,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion The dural entrance of BVs into the SSS can be identified in both SWI and 3D-CE MRV images.The preoperative venogram by using 3D-CE MRV and SWI is useful to design a individual-tailored surgical approach for the preservation of BVs draining into SSS.SWI outweighs 3D-CE MRV in identifying anatomical features of the dural entrance of BVs into the SSS.