ABSTRACT
This paper describes the present situation for the lack of sense of life responsibility from health con-sciousness and life responsibilities, and from the school education, social environment, family influence and its own factors four aspects analyze the medical students lack of sense of responsibility at the root of life, and then on this basis put forward the corresponding countermeasures:schools should innovation course, pay attention to the clinical practice, to strengthen the construction of teachers′quality education, deepen the life value;the government should strengthen the administrative intervention; the network, the media should give full play to the guiding function;play a role of family environment influence and change the concept of family education;improve the ability of self-awareness and self-monitoring of frustration education and emotional education.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Pergolide and madopar are the effective medicines to treat Parkinson disease, but the effects on the prognosis of patients with Parkinson disease are still under discussion. The progress of neuroimaging makes it possible to evaluate quantitatively the effect of the drug treatment on the prognosis of Parkinson disease.OBJBCTIVE: To observe the influence of pergolide or madopar as initial treatment on the prognosis and the striatal dopaminergic neuron in patients with early Parkinson disease by means of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 dopamine transporter imaging single-photon emission computed tomtheography (SPECT) in combination with Parkinson disease scale.DESIGN: A randomized grouping, parallel control and placebo control trial.SETTING: Department of Neurology, the 81 Hospital of Chinese PLA;Department of Neurology and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Changhai Hospital of the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-six patients with early Parkinson disease who were recruited at the Specific Clinic of Parkinson Disease in the Shanghai Changhai Hospital affiliated to the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA and did not receive any drug treatment before, were enrolled between February and July 2002. They were randomly divided into artane control group (n=12), pergolide-treated group (n=12) and madopar-treated group. The diagnosis accorded with the clinical diagnostic standard set by United Kingdom Society of Parkinson Disease. This protocol was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Changhai Hospital, and all the subjects were enrolled in this study with informed consent.INTERVENTIONS: After test with unified Parkinson disease rating scale (UPDRS) and 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 SPECT, patients in the artane control group, pergolide-treated group and madopar-treated group were treated with corresponding drugs respectively, and each capsule of artane, pergolide and madopar contained drug of 0.05, 0.05 and 125 mg respectively. In the 1st week, the dosage was 1 capsule for each time, once a day, and then the daily dosage was increased by 1 capsule per week later, and the daily dosage reached 0.2, 0.2 and 500 mg respectively after 1 month, and then the dosages were kept constant. The curative effects were evaluated with UPDRS at 6 and 10 months after treatment. At 10 months after treatment,the 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 specific intakes of ipsilateral or contralateral striatum of the affected limb were tested with striatum dopamine transporter SPECT and semi-quantitative analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Changes of percentage of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 decrease of ipsilateral or contralateral striatum of the affected limb at 10 months after treatment were compared among the three groups;② Changes of UPDRS scores before and after treatment were compared among the three groups.RESULTS: Totally 36 patients were involved in the study, and 1 case lost in each of the 3 groups respectively at 10 months after treatment, finally 33 cases entered the analysis of results. ① Changes of percentage of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 decrease of ipsilateral or contralateral striatum of the affected limb at 10 months after treatment: At 10 months after treatment, the percentage of 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 decrease of ipsilateral or contralateral striatum of the affected limb were obviously higher in the madopar-treated group than in the artane control group and pergolide-treated group [(46.3±19.4)%, (28.9±13.0)%, (34.4±18,1)%; (47.5±20.8)%, (31.8±15.6)%, (33.8±17.2)%; P all ＜ 0.05]. ② Changes of UPDRS scores before and after treatment: As compared with the UPDRS scores before treatment, there was no obvious change in the artane control group at 10 months after treatment,but those in the madopar-treated group and pergolide-treated group were obviously decreased [(15.5±8.68), (6.4±9.05); (15.8±6.75), (10.36±8.30); Pall ＜ 0.05].CONCLUSION: Both madopar and pergolide can ameliorate the symptoms of early Parkinson disease, but they had different influences on the prognosis of patients with Parkinson disease. Madopar may accelerate the apoptosis of dopaminergic neuron and then aggravate the severity, but pergolide does not affect the prognosis of Parkinson disease, so it is a more suitable selective drug for the treatment of early Parkinson disease.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of salvianolic Acid A and B(Sal A,Sal B)on acute myocardial ischemia of rats.Method The rat model with acute myocardial ischemia was established by coronary ligation and intravenous injection of posterior pituitary.The effect of Sal A 10,5,2.5 mg/kg and Sal B 10 mg/kg on the electrocardiogram of different time points,serum creatine kinase(CK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and myocardial infarction area were observed.Results To the rat model was established by coronary ligation,Sal A 10,5,2.5 mg/kg and Sal B 10 mg/kg could lower the ST-segment elevation,reduce infarct size and serum CPK,LDH.The effect of Sal A 10,5 mg/kg was significantly higher than that of Sal B.The role of Sal A 2.5 mg/kg was equivalent to Sal B 10 mg/kg.To the rat model was established by intravenous injection of posterior pituitary,Sal A 10,5,2.5 mg/kg and Sal B 10 mg/kg could lower the ST-segment elevation.The effect of Sal A 10,5 mg/kg was significantly higher than that of Sal B.The role of Sal A 2.5 mg/kg and sal B 10 mg/kg had no significant difference.Conclusion Treatment with Sal A 10,5 mg/kg was more effective in the rat models with acute myocardial ischemia than Sal B 10 mg/kg.Sal A 2.5 mg/kg improved acute myocardial ischemia in rats was equivalent to Sal B 10 mg/kg.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Selegiline can effectively alleviate motor disorder symptoms during the earlier stage of Parkinson disease(PD),but the influence on prognosis is still warmly discussed. With the development of neuroiconologicai study,the objective predictor for dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in PD would became possible.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of selegiline on dopaminergic neurons in earlier stage of PD with the aid of iconology.DESIGN: Randomized controlled study based on patients.SETTING: Neurological department in a military hospital of Chinese PLA,the nuclear medicine and neurological department in a military medical hospital of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Between April and December 2001,25 patients were selected from PD specific clinic of Changhai Hospital,the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA. They were confirmed of earlier stage of PD without given any related drugs.INTERVENTIONS: Totally 25 patients were randomly divided into placebo group of 13 cases and selegiline group of 12 cases. After assessed with unified PD rating scale(UPDRS),they were given placebo and selegiline respectively with the dosage gradually increased from 0.05 mg at the beginning and added with 0.05 mg every week for four weeks until reaching the sustaining dosage of 0.2 mg. Dopamine transporting protein (99Tcm-TRODAT-1) examination and single photon emission-computerized tomography (SPECT) were performed at entering the experiment and after the treatment for 13 months,and semi-quantitative analysis was used for counting striatal emission of the ipsilateral and contralateral side. Scores for UPDRS were obtained at entering the experiment,after the treatment for 6months and 13 months.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Main outcomes:The differences ofstriatal 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 specific intake decreasing percentage on ipsilateral and contralateral side were compared between the two groups after the treatment for 13 months.②Subordinate outcome:Scores for UPDRS of the two groups was also compared.RESULTS: After the treatment for 13 months,striatal 99Tcm-TRODAT-1 specific intake decreasing percentages were (28.9 ± 13.0)% and(31.8 ± 15.6) % on ipsilateral and contralateral side of placebo group compared with the corresponding (30.39 ± 14. 7)% and(32.6 ± 16. 6)% of the selegiline group,the difference was of no statistical significance( P ＞ 0.05). Scores for UPDR was(23.7 ±4.3) in placebo group and(13.1 ± 5.5) in selegiline group after the treatment for 6 months,and(27.0 ±4.3) and(9. 8 ±4. 8) after the treatment for 13 months,indicating that slegiline group was obviously better than placebo group( P ＜ 0. 05).CONCLUSION: Selegiline showed better therapeutic effect in the treatment of earlier-stage PD without increasing the apoptosis of striatal dopaminergic neurons.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To study the diagnosis， treatm ent and outcome of infants in patients with hyperthyroidism in pregnancy. Methods: The levels of T3，T4，TSH，FT3，FT4 in 40 cases of hyperthyroid gravida and control group were measured before delivery, the r oute of delivery and the outcome of infants were studied, and the neonatal thyroid f unctions were evaluated by the levels of T3，T4，TSH in cord serum samples . Results: The levels of T3，T4，FT3，FT4 in non-treatm ent group were higher than that of treatment group and control(P<0.01); an i ncreased rate of forceps and cesarean in hyperthyroid gravida was seen compared with that in control group, about 90%(36/40); the body weights of infants in no n-treatment group were lower than that in treatment and control group. There wa s a case of neonatal hyperthyroidism in non-treatment group. Conclusion : Hyperthyroidism should be diagnosed and treated earlier and there is little side effects on the outcome of infants.
ABSTRACT
Technetium-99m galactosyl-neoglycoalbumin (99mTc-NGA) is a new hepatocellular receptor imaging ligand Its preparation and preclinical research are reported in this paper. The ligand was synthesized by the chemical coupling and the product was nontoxic and apyrogenic with good stability both in vivo and in vitro. The static images and kinetic data obtained from the liver portal vein ligation group (n = 2), the hepatic necrosis group (n=2) and the control group (n=6) indicate: (1) Tc-NGA imaging can provide excellent hepatic images, and (2) hepatic kinetic data appear to provide a new means for diagnosis of liver diseases.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To quantitatively measure the blood flow of bone and muscle tissue by the radioactive microsphere techniques.Methods:The erythrocytes of hoptoad labelled with the 99m Tc were used as the radioactive microsperes.Each injection consisted of 10 6 microspheres.The blood flow of bone and muscle tissue of 10 rabbits were examined via injection of hoptoad erythrocytes labelled with the isotope; the blood flow of tissues were calculated according to the artery withdraw rate and radioactive counting of samples and reference blood.Results:The blood flow of femurs [(8.94?0.45) ml/(min?100 g)] was the highest among all the long bones,the blood flow of humeral metaphysis [(7.73?0.68) ml/(min?100 g)] was significantly higher than that of diaphysis and epiphysis ( P
ABSTRACT
Dynamic renal imaging studies were performed in 132 patients using 99m Tc DTPA and 131 I OIH. Effective renal plasma flow(ERPF) and glomerular filtration rate(GFR) was obtained. GFRs were calculated with 2 background regions of interest(ROI),conventional subrenal areas(SB) and suprarenal areas(SP). The relative renal functions(RR) obtained by GFRs determination was significantly higer compared with that by ERPF. These results suggested that the RR of impaired kidney determined by GFR(SB) was obviously higher than that assessed by ERPF. Higher coefficient( r value) was gotten with GFR(SP) than with GFR(SB).Results suggested that the GFR obtained with conventional subrenal background ROI might overestimate individual renal function of the poorly functional kidney and the GFR estimated by suprarenal background ROI might be more accurate.