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Objective:To explore the relationship between mild cognition impairment(MCI) and components of metabolic syndrome in the elderly.Methods:A total of 293 patients aged 65 years and older with an average age of (78.8 ± 7.5) years who met the inclusion criteria were included.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale(MoCA)was used to evaluate cognitive function.The components of the metabolic syndrome were compared between the MCI and the normal cognitive function(NC) groups.Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between cognitive function and components of the metabolic syndrome.Results:The levels of body mass index(BMI)and tryglicerides(TG)were lower in the MCI group than in the NC group[BMI, (22.9±3.7)kg/m 2vs.(25.3±3.3)kg/m 2, t=3.124, P=0.002; TG, 1.2±0.6 mmol/L vs. 1.4±0.7 mmol/L, t=2.615, P=0.009]. The differences in proportions of hypertension and diabetes and in levels of fasting blood glucose and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol had no statistically significance between the MCI group and the NC group(all P>0.05). Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for age and education, BMI was independently associated with MCI, and as BMI increased, the risk of MCI decreased( OR=0.901, 95% CI: 0.838-0.968, P=0.004). In elderly men, after adjusting for age, education level and smoking history, TG was independently associated with MCI, and as TG increased, the risk of MCI decreased( OR=0.446, 95% CI: 0.249-0.874, P=0.017). While in elderly women, no independent correlation between TG and MCI was observed. Conclusions:BMI is independently associated with MCI.Screening for cognitive function among low-level BMI elderly is helpful to identify MCI.The relationship between TG and MCI is different between different genders, and different standards might be adopted for the management of TG in elderly MCI patients with different genders.
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Objective To investigate the risk factors for NAFLD patients with mild cognitive impairment ( MCI) in elderly through comparing the clinical features among elderly NAFLD patients with MCI. Methods A total of one hundred and sixteen elderly patients with NAFLD were enrolled in this study and were divided into MCI group (37 cases) and non-MCI group (79 cases). The clinical data including medical history of myocardial infarction,diabetes mellitus,hypertension,medications,blood pressure,BMI,liver function, kidney parameters,glucose metabolism, serum lipid profile, vitamin D, NAFLD fibrosis score, HOMA-IR and carotid plaques were analyzed and compared. Results Compared with non-MCI group,the age,AST/ALT ratio, serum creatinine,NAFLD fibrosis score,serum uric acid of MCI group were significantly higher ((80. 5±7. 4) years vs.(72.5±8.0)years,t＝5.87,P＜0.001; (1.33±0.51) vs. (1.09±0.30),t＝2.599, P＝0.012;(100.86±78.02) μmol/L vs. (78.12±22.12) μmol/L,t＝2.402, P＝0.018; (0.73±1.01) vs. (0.03 ±1. 17),t＝3. 132,P＝0. 002; (382. 95±79. 61) μmol/L vs (349. 99±79. 18) μmol/L,t＝2. 086,P＝0. 039), while serum γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of MCI group were significantly lower than those in the non-MCI group (22. 00(17. 00,26. 00) U/L vs. 28. 00(19. 00,39. 50) U/L,Z＝－3. 038,P＝0. 002;(69. 30±6. 78) mmHg vs. (74. 30±9. 45)mmHg,t＝－3.252, P＝0.002; (62.60±17.78)(ml/min×1.73 m2) vs. (79.41±16.95)(ml/min×1.73 m2),t＝－4. 900,P＜0. 001). Detection rates of carotid unstable plaques and high BMI in MCI group were higher than those in the non-MCI group (83. 78%(31/37) vs. 64. 56%(51/79),χ2＝4. 496, P＝0. 034)(83. 78%(31/37) vs. 60. 76%(48/79),χ2＝6. 149, P＝0. 013) . There were no significantly differences between the two groups in history of myocardial infarction,diabetes mellitus,hypertension,usage rates of antiplatelet drugs and statins. Logistic regression showed that age (regression coefficient＝0. 166,OR＝1. 181,95%CI 1. 078－1. 293,P＜0. 001), high BMI (regression coefficient＝1. 942,OR＝6. 974,95%CI 1. 466－33. 176,P＝0. 015),diastolic blood pressure ( regression coefficient＝ －0. 099, OR＝ 0. 905, 95%CI 0. 828－0. 990, P＝ 0. 029 ), γ-GT (regression coefficient＝－0. 094,OR＝0. 910,95%CI 0. 852－0. 972,P＝0. 005), serum uric acid (regression coefficient＝－0. 009,OR＝1. 009,95%CI 1. 000－1. 017,P＝0. 039) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) (regression coefficient＝0. 898,OR＝2. 454,95%CI 1. 029－5. 854,P＝0. 043) were related to elderly NAFLD patients with MCI. Conclusion The high BMI,diastolic blood pressure,serum uric acid,low density lipoprotein are related to MCI in elderly patients with NAFLD. For elderly patients with NAFLD,these indicators may be used to assess the risk of MCI and to locate high-risk groups at an early stage.
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Objective To investigate the SOCS3 regulates mucus hypersecretion via JAK/STAT signal pathway in inflammatory cells.Methods Culture 16HBE cells and divide into three groups:control group,inter leukin(IL)-6-exposed group;IL-6-exposed and microRNA-203-transfered group.The protein levels of JAK1/2,SOCS3 and MUC5AC were measured by Western blot.The mRNA expressions of SOCS3,STAT3 and MUC5AC were detected by Real-time PCR.The protein levels of p-JAK1/2,SOCS3 and MUC5AC were analyzed by ELISA.Results Compared with the control group,the mRNA expressions of SOCS3,STAT3,MUC5AC and the protein levels of p-JAK1/2,SOCS3,MUC5AC were both significantly increased in IL-6-exposed group (P ＜ 0.05);in the IL-6-exposed and miR-203-transfered group,the protein levels of p-JAK1/2,MUC5AC and the mRNA expressions of STAT3 were both significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),but the mRNA expressions of SOCS3 was almost as much as that in IL-6-exposed group,the protein levels of SOCS3 was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion SOCS3 over-express when cells are stimulated by IL-6,and negative-feedback regulates MUC5AC secretion via JAK/STAT signal pathway.
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Tree shrews have an excellent visual system, their cones accounted for 96%of the photorecepter cells, so that their color vision and stereo vision are well developed.With their rich resources and low cost, tree shrews have been considered as an ideal animal model in eye research in comparative medicine and genomics research.The ophthalmological research on tree shrew mainly focused on the establishment of myopia model, as well as the changes in myopic sclera and choroids, and the basic studies of their retina, optic and visual cortex.This paper reviewed the basic ophthalmological re-search of tree shrew.
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Objective To screen out specific microsatellite markers for use in Tupaia belangeri chinensis genetic testing. Methods Firstly to screen about 700 microsatellite loci from whole genome.Secondly to choose about 100 better loci without defect factors.Lastly 46 primers were designed by 33 tree shrew’ s microsatellite loci obtained from whole genome and other references.Agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used for PCR products, and better loci based on electrophoresis results were chosen.Then STR scan was used to select the microsatellite loci combination for genetic testing.Results Twenty-two microsatellite loci were selected with a significant Stutter peak on STR scanning.Comparing the alternative loci and ultimately selected loci, there were two loci available in the five alternative loci of T.glis.The coincidence rate between T.glis and T.b.chinensis was 40%.There were two loci available in the five alternative loci of T.minor, and the coincidence rate between T.minor and T.b.chinensis was 40%.There were two loci available in the three alternative loci of T.belangeri, and the coincidence rate between T.belangeri and T.b. chinensis was about 70%.Conclusions The 22 microsatellite loci screened in this study are well applied for genetic testing of Tupaia belangeri chinensis, therefore, provide a scientific basis for the genetic quality monitoring of tree shrews.
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Objective To explore the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level and prostatic hyperplasia in elderly men.Methods Totally 95 male patients aged over 60 years were included.Blood pressure,body weight,body height,body mass index (BMI) were measured and calculated.Venous blood samples were obtained to determine fasting serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and blood glucose (FBG),total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),calcium and prostate specific antigen (PSA),total prostate volume(PV) and annual prostate growth rate were measured and calculated by ultrasound.Results The serum 25 (OH) D3 levels were varied from 12.1 nmol/L to 83.9 nmol/L,with an average of (35.5±15.2) nmol/L in elderly male patients.PV growth rate were significantly lower in elderly men with 25 (OH) D3 ＞ 50 nmol/L than in elderly men with 25 (OH) D3≤50nmol/L[(31.5± 6.0) mlvs.(39.9 ± 14.5) ml,(0.4± 0.2) ml/yvs.(0.5 ± 0.4) ml/y,P＜0.001 or 0.01].PV was negatively correlated with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level (r=-0.207,P＜0.05),and positively correlated with BMI and PSA (r=0.297,0.958,P＜0.05 or and P＜0.001).While annual prostate growth rate was positively correlated with BMI and PSA (r=0.316,0.464,P＜0.01 or ＜0.001),and positively correlated with serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level,but the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusions Low serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 level may play a role in the pathogenesis of prostatic hyperplasia.
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Objective To investigate the association between bone mineral density (BMD) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in elderly men in Beijing.Methods Totally 370 elderly men with an average age of (76.6±9.3) years from the departments of gerontology were included.BMD,echocardiography measurements as well as blood chemistry were analyzed.LVMI was obtained by echocardiography.All the subjects were divided into two groups:non-LVH group (n=231) and LVH group (n =139).Differences in quantitative variables were tested by independent-sample t test.Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis were performed to identify determinants of LVMI.Results The serum creatinine concentration was significantly higher in LVH group than in non-LVH group [(97.1±43.0) μmol/L,(88.2±21.1) μmol/L (P＜0.05)].Compared with non-LVH group,LVH group showed that the lumbar spine BMD (L1-L4) were significantly lower[L1:(0.90±0.16) g/cm2 vs.(0.95±0.21) g/cm2,P=0.05; L2:(0.95±0.17) g/cm2 vs.(1.01±0.20) g/cm2,P＜0.01 ; L3:(0.99±0.19) g/cm2 vs.(1.06±0.28) g/cm2,P＜0.01] as well as the lumbar spine totalBMD [(0.97±0.18) g/cm2 vs.(1.03-1-0.26) g/cm2,P＜0.05].The femur BMD was lower in theLVH group than in non-LVH group [trochiter:(0.64±0.11) g/cm2 vs.(0.67±0.17) g/cm2,P＜0.05; inter area:(1.00±0.17) g/cm2 vs.(1.05±0.22) g/cm2,P＜0.05].Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis demonstrated that BMI (r=0.27,P＜0.01),the lumbar spine BMD (r=-0.20,P＜0.01),age (r=0.16,P＜0.05),serum creatinine (r=0.15,P＜0.05) were independently correlated with LVMI.Conclusions In elderly men in Beijing,the lumbar spine BMD is an independent correlative factor for LVMI.
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Objective To evaluate the relationship between insulin resistance and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods Totally 150 male patient from the Department of Geriatrics in Peking University Hospital were included in this study.Blood pressure,body weight,body height,body mass index (BMI) were measured and calculated.Biochemical analyses including serum fasting levels of insulin(FINS),glucose,total cholesterol,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,high density lipoprotein cholesterol,and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were performed.Total prostate volume (PV) were measured by ultrasound.Results PV and annual prostate growth rate were more increased in insulin resistance group(40 cases) compared with insulin sensitivity group(110 cases) (t=2.91,3.71 respectively,both P＜0.01).Along with the levels of FINS,HOMA-IR and PSA were increased,the prostate volume was enhanced (t=-3.02,-2.88,-2.84 respectively;all P ＜0.05).PV was positively correlated with insulin resistance,serum fasting insulin and PSA (r=0.16,0.16,0.35;all P＜0.05),while annual prostate growth rate was positively related with insulin resistance,serum fasting insulin,PSA and BMI (r =0.22,0.21,0.24,0.19 ; all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Insulin resistance and fasting insulin plays roles in the pathogenesis of prostatic hyperplasia.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).MethodsTotally 101 male patients with MS and 117 male patients without MS were enrolled from September 2008 to January 2010 in the department of geriatrics of Peking University People's Hospital.The MS diagnosis was made according to the criteria by Chinese Diabetes Society (2004).Blood pressure,body weight,body height,body mass index (BMI) were measured and calculated.Biochemical analyses including serum fasting blood glucose (FBG),total cholesterol ( TC),triglycerides (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were performed.Total prostate volume (PV) were measured by ultrasound.ResultsPV in patients with MS[(39.7±21.1)m1] was significantly larger than in patients without MS[(30.7±9.3)ml] (P＜ 0.05).There was no difference in PSA level between groups (P＞ 0.05).PV were positively correlated with BMI(r=0.27,P=0.019),hypertension duration(r=0.37,P=0.01),PSA(r=0.51,P=0.001),FBG(r=0.24,P=0.013) and systolic blood pressure(SBP)(r=0.20,P=0.047),but negatively correlated with HDL-C ( r = - 0.24,P = 0.013 ).Conclusions BMI,hypertension duration,PSA,FBG,SBP,and lower HDL-C may play roles in the pathogenesis of prostatic hvperplasia.
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BACKGROUND: As a primary clinical predictor of fracture risk, bone mineral density (BMD) is partly genetically determined. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is one important candidate gene in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between T245G polymorphisms in the OPG gene and BMD. METHODS: A total of 281 elderly men and postmenopausal women, 182 males and 99 females, who received routine examinations at Peking University People's Hospital between September 2008 and April 2010 were included in this study. T245G polymorphisms in the OPG gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism together with DNA sequencing. The BMD of the lumbar spine, Ward's triangle, and forearrm was determined by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Clinical variables and biochemical measurements were collected simultaneously. The association between T245G polymorphisms and each detection index was analyzed using analysis of variance. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The distribution of T245G genotype (alleles T, G) had no difference in elderly men or postmenopausal women (P > 0.05). The GG genotype and TG genotype had higher lumbar spine BMD and TT genotype had lower lumbar spine BMD (P < 0.05). There was no difference in BMD of the Ward's triangle or forearm among different genotypes (P > 0.05). Association between T245G polymorphism and BMD was not found in postmenopausal women. These findings indicate that OPG gene is related to lumbar spine BMD in elderly men.
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Objective To test the hypothesis that calpain 10 gene (CAPN 10) contributes to the genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in Chinese population.Methods Case control study. PCR RFLP method was used to determine the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of SNP43 polymorphism (G/A) and SNP 19 polymorphism (1/2) in the intron 3 of calpain 10 gene in 211 type 2 diabetes patients and 127 normal control subjects. Results The frequency of "G" allele of the SNP43 in type 2 diabetes patients was significantly increased as compared with that in the control subjects (91.9% vs 85.8%, P =0.01). The distribution of allele and genotype frequency of the SNP19 (1/2) polymorphism were equal in diabetes and control groups.In addition, we also observed the association between GG genotype and increased body mass index and waist to hip ratio in the control group.Conclusion This study suggested that calpain 10 gene may contribute to the genetic susceptibility of type 2 diabetes in Chinese population.