The clinical and imaging presentations of the stapical footplate hernia related to inner ear malformation / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To summarize the clinical and imaging presentations of stapical footplate hernia related to inner ear malformation (SFH-Re-IEM).Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 19 patients (24 ears) with SFH-Re-IEM from Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital between June 2014 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical presentations and headache and the high resolution CT (HRCT) and MRI findings including associated inner ear malformation (IEM) type, internal auditory canal (IAC) malformation, bony defect of the stapical footplate, the extent, margin, density and signal of the herniation cysts, the density and signal of ipsilateral intratympanic, cochlear osseous labyrinthitis were recorded.Results:Among 19 SFH-Re-IEM patients, including 14 males and 5 females, 3 (1, 12) years old. All of the affected ears presented sensorineural or mixed hearing loss, 1 ear for moderate, 7 ears for severe and 16 ears for extremely severe. Besides this, the vertigo in 1 case, otalgia and ear fullness in 2 cases were found, and the others were detected accidentally. Among 24 ears with SFH-Re-IEM, 9 ears (37.5%) consisting with incomplete partition type Ⅰ, 3 ears (12.5%) with common cavity, 7 ears (29.2%) with cochlear aplasia, 3 ears (12.5%) with cochlear dysplasia type Ⅱ, and 2 ears (8.3%) with Mondini deformity were found respectively. Four ears (16.7%) were associated with IAC enlargement and the bony defect of IAC fundus, 19 ears (79.2%) were accompanied with dysplasia in the IAC fundus. In all the 24 ears with SFH-Re-IEM, the focal bony defect of the affected stapical footplate and the hemispherical soft-tissue-density herniating cysts protruding into the tympanium were presented on HRCT, and the herniating cysts presenting the cerebrospinal fluid-like signal with the well-defined margin and the ipsilateral normal tympanium were shown on the MRI hydrographic sequence. Two ears underwent the perilymphaticum gadolinium based on MRI, which demonstrated the hypersignal gadolinium in the perilymphatic space entered into the herniating cysts. Two ears were accompanied with the cochlear osseous labyrinthitis.Conclusion:The ears with IEM-Re-SFH usually present the serious hearing loss. The ipsilateral severe IEM, focal bony defect of the stapical footplate and perilymph herniating are characteristic imaging appearances.

Duplicated Internal Auditory Canal: High-Resolution CT and MRI Findings

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (HRMRI) features of duplicated internal auditory canals (DIACs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ear HRCT data of 64813 patients with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), obtained between August 2009 and November 2017, were reviewed. Among these patients, 12 (13 ears) were found to have DIACs, 9 of whom underwent HRMRI. Their images were evaluated by two otoradiologists. RESULTS: The rate of occurrence of DIAC among SNHL patients was 0.019% (12/64813). The internal auditory canals of 13 ears were divided into double canals by complete (n = 6) and incomplete (n = 7) bony septa, with varied orientations ranging from horizontal to approximately vertical. All of the anterosuperior canals extended into the facial nerve (FN) canal, except for 1, which also extended to the vestibule. The posteroinferior canals ended in the cochlea and vestibule, except for 2, which also connected to the FN canals. Magnetic resonance images revealed that 77.8% (7/9) and 22.2% (2/9) of vestibulocochlear nerves (VCNs) were aplastic and hypoplastic, respectively. Furthermore, 88.9% (8/9) of FNs were normal, except for 1, which was hypoplastic. All of the affected ears also had other ear anomalies: a narrow, bony cochlear nerve canal was the most common other anomaly, accounting for 92.3% (12/13). Malformations of other systems were not found. CONCLUSION: Double-canal appearance is a characteristic finding of DIAC on HRCT, and it is usually accompanied by other ear anomalies. The VCN usually appears aplastic, with a normal FN, on HRMRI.

Molecular and cytogenetic identification of Triticum aestivum-Leymus racemosus translocation line T6DL·7LrS / 生物工程学报

Leymus racemosus had a high resistant capacity to wheat scab (Fusarum head blight). The transfer of scab resistant gene from L. racemosus to Triticum aestivum is of great significance for broadening the germplasm of wheat resistance. To obtain Triticum aestivum-Leymus racemosus translocation line with scab resistance, we irradiated the pollen of T. aestivum-L. racemosus disomic addition line DA7Lr by ⁶⁰Co-γ-rays 1 200 R (100 R/min) prior to pollinating to emasculation T. aestivum cv. Chinese Spring. One plant with one translocation chromosome was detected in the M1 by GISH. The plant with one translocation chromosome was self-pollinated, and at meiotic metaphase I its progenies with two translocation chromosomes were analyzed for chromosome pairing behavior in their pollen mother cells (PMCs). One rod bivalent was observed at meiotic metaphase I, indicating that the plant with two translocation chromosomes was one translocation homozygote. Sequential GISH-FISH analysis, using Oligo-pAs1-2 and Oligo-pSc119.2-2 as probe, translocation line was confirmed as T6DL·7LrS. The translocation line had higher resistance to wheat scab and feasibility to be used as a new source in wheat breeding resistant to scab disease.

The characters of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in adrenal oncoctyoma patients / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Objective To summerize computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances of the adrenal oncoctyoma(AOC),and to improve the diagnostic accuracy.Methods The 11 cases imaging materials of AOC confirmed by pathology from March 2006 to August 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.There were 3 males and 8 females,aged from 24 to 65 years old(mean 46.8 years).There were 11 cases with CT unenhanced scan in which 9 cases performed enhancing scan,8 cases underwent unenhanced and enhanced MRI scan.Results Of 11 cases (13 lesions),10 cases were singular,1 was unilaterally multiple(3 lesions).5 cases were located in the right side,6 in the left side.10 lesions presented oval,3 were round.The diameters of all lesions ranged from 1.4 to 9.9 cm,with a mean of 3.9 cm.All lesions were shown well-defined soft-tissue density on plain CT scan,69.2％ (9/13) of whom were homogeneous,30.8％ were heterogenous.The CT value ranged from 32.6 to 48.6 HU,with a mean of 37.9 HU.In 9 cases,5 masses were markedly enhanced,2 were slightly enhanced and 2 were moderately enhanced,and all of them depicted prolongedly enhanced on triple-phase scan.The masses of 8 cases appeared isointensity or slightly hypointensity on T1WI,hyperintesity on fat-suppressed T2WI.The signal did not change on opposed-phase imaging.The lesions demonstrated heterogeneously prolonged enhancement to some degree on enhanced TI WI images.There was no peritumoral adjacent invasion,enlarged lymph nodes and metastasis.Conclusions AOC usually presents soft-tissue density on unenhanced CT,no changing on MRI opposed-phase images.The tumors are characterized by markedly heterogeneously prolonged enhanced on enhanced CT and MRI.

Imaging and clinical significance of congenital splenorenal venous shunt / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the imaging appearances of congenital splenorenal venous shunt,and to evaluate their clinical significances.Methods Of 127 283 patients who underwent upper abdominal CT scanning,6 patients were diagnosed to have congenital splenorenal venous shunt.The imagings were studied retrospectively.Plain scanning,enhanced CT and Doppler ultrasonography were performed on all these patients.Results The incidence was about 47/million.The six patients were all females,the age was between 32 to 67 years.The mean age was 48.8 years.Enhanced CT demonstrated that there were twisted and dilated shunting blood vessels between the splenic and renal veins.The diameters in four patients were larger than the splenic and portal veins.In the remaining two patients,they were smaller shunting blood vessels.One patient had an associated absence of right portal vein.Two patients had associated dysplasia of portal veins and splenic veins.MPR,CPR,MIP and VR could three-dimensionally depict the courses,the beginnings and the ends of the splenorenal shunts.Doppler ultrasonography showed counterflow between the portal and splenic veins,and showed the blood in the splenic vein to flow into the left renal vein.Conclusions A congenital splenorenal venous shunt is one of the rare form of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts.Enhanced MSCT scan combining with its post-processing techniques could clearly demonstrate the shunt vessels and the associated lesions.Doppler ultrasonography could further demonstrate the shunt direction.