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Human platelet lysates(HPL), as a new type of biomaterial, can promote tissue repair, cell proliferation and inflammation control. This paper introduced the development of HPL in the field of regenerative medicine and cell therapy and summarizes their application. The potential of HPL to promote cell proliferation was used as an entry point to show its advantages as a supplement of cell culture medium. Since there is currently no standard procedure for HPL preparation, this paper sorts out the standardization elements such as raw materials source, donor variability and preparation technology, in order to provide reference for the establishment of standards of relevant industry in the future.
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【Objective】 To establish a routine screening method for unexpected antibodies of blood donors, analyze the results of centralized screening for unexpected antibody of blood donors in the blood center, and compare the cost of centralized and decentralized screening modes. 【Methods】 A total of 35 591 blood donors were screened for unexpected antibodies from March 31, 2021 to July 31, 2021, using microcolumn gel method. Unexpected antibody screening reactive samples were further confirmed by the Transfusion Research Institute of Shenzhen Blood Center, and the demographic characteristics were further determined through the analysis of unexpected antibody positive population. The direct cost and indirect cost of centralized and decentralized unexpected antibody screening mode were compared. 【Results】 Forty unexpected antibody positive samples were confirmed in Shenzhen, with the positive rate at 0.11%(40/35 591), among which MNS, Rh and Lewis system accounted for 35% (14/40), 32.5% (13/40) and 17.5% (7/40), respectively. Males and females accounted for 45% (18/40) and 55% (22/40), respectively (P0.05). Unexpected antibody screening in a centralized way saved about 1.16 million yuan per year. 【Conclusion】 It is necessary to carry out unexpected antibody screening for all blood donors, and centralized screening is more economical than decentralized screening.
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【Objective】 To establish scrap indicators for key equipment in blood screening laboratory of blood centers and quantitatively assess the running status of key equipment, so as to provide a scientific method for equipment scrap. 【Methods】 Through the literature review and Delphi method, the scrap indicators of key equipment in blood screening laboratories were established in terms of applicability, economy and advancement of the equipment. The weights of relevant indicators were calculated by analysis hierarchy process (AHP), and the quantitative assessment model of equipment scrap priority was established according to the indicators and its weight. The equipment running data from January 2020 to December 2020 of Laboratory Department were collected and analyzed using the model, and its accuracy was verified based on experience. 【Results】 Thirteen second-level scrap indicators were established, and the weights of the three first-level indexes of applicability, economy and advancement were 0.582, 0.114 and 0.306, respectively. Among the total 30 key equipment, the model score of 4 equipment was less than 0.5, and the running status after manually checking met the scrap standard. 【Conclusion】 The model can accurately assess the scrap priority of key equipment and facilitate the procurement budget and scrapping identification in advance, which can avoid the waste of resources and ensure safe, efficient and orderly laboratory work.
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【Objective】 To analyze the cost-effectiveness of ELISA grey area strategy through establishing the health economics model. 【Methods】 The serological grey area strategy evaluation model was composed of screening strategy subdecision tree, pathogen infection subdecision tree and pathogen detection subdecision tree. The key parameters in the model were obtained from literatures and research data. The cost-effectiveness of setting ELISA grey area strategy was compared by software, and multifactor sensitivity analysis was conducted. 【Results】 After setting the ELISA grey area, extra samples(5.86 cases/100 000) with serological false negativity could be detected, including HBV samples at 4.93/100 000, HCV samples at 0.27/100 000, HIV samples at 0/100 000, syphilis samples at 0.66/100 000. To yield an additional seropositive sample out of every 100 000 blood donors, blood center will afford extra 1 million yuan about. 【Conclusion】 Through this study, a cost-effectiveness evaluation model of serological detection strategy was established. Although the ELISA grey area setting can yield a small number of seropositive samples, the cost is much higher than the current affordability.
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【Objective】 To explore ways to recruit blood donors effectively, so as to ensure blood supply for hospitals in Shenzhen with good compliance with the requirements concerning COVID-19 prevention and control. 【Methods】 From January 31 to March 31, 2020, a recruiting vanguard lead by Party members aimed at "COVID-19 control, blood supply security" was established. Otherwise, the traditional recruiting (via telephone/SMS) and on-site(on the streets) recruiting were also enhanced. The effects of the above three recruitment methods during this period, relative to the same period in 2019, were counted and analyzed. 【Results】 A total of 19 752 blood donors were recruited, and more were recruited by on-site (15 643, 79.19%) than by telephone and SMS(4 109, 20.81%), as on-site recruitment was more persuasive than the traditional one. The success rates of telephone recruitment and SMS recruitment were 11.66% (2 034 / 17 448) and 3.92% (2 075/52 915), respectively, and both were significantly higher than that in the same period in 2019(7.55% and 2.36%) (P0.05). 【Conclusion】 In times of emergency, efficient recruiting method could be achieved by grouping a vanguard, conducting scientific measures, and carrying out effect evaluation. Besides, preference could be given to donors with local registered residence, middle-age (30~50 years old) and better educated background.
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【Objective】 To evaluate the performance and clinical application of a high-throughput nucleic acid blood screening detection system for SARS-CoV-2, so as to provide basis and technical means for its application in detection of plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients. 【Methods】 The SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the sensitivity, precision, anti-interference and other parameters were evaluated. Blood donor samples collected during COVID-19 epidemic period were screened using the detection system to evaluate its applicability. 【Results】 The detection limits of gene N and ORF 1ab were 3.98 copies/mL and 9.38 copies/mL, respectively. The CV of high and low concentration samples were both less than 5%. Hemoglobin at 500 mg/dL and triglyceride at 3g/dL had little effect on the results. The detection system can effectively prevent carryover, thus avoiding false positive results. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid blood screening was carried out in a total of 39 306 blood samples, and all samples were negative. 【Conclusion】 The established method can meet the needs of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid screening therefore ensure the safe application of plasma from recovered COVID-19 patients.
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Objective:To observe the clinical effect of four-point fixation in patients with posterior chamber intraocular lens dislocation.Methods:A retrospective case series study was adopted.Sixteen patients (16 eyes) with posterior chamber intraocular lens dislocation who underwent suture suspension techniques with four-point fixation in Changzhou No.2 people's Hospital from January 2015 to January 2018 were enrolled.Postoperative effects were observed during follow-up, ranging from 6 to 13 months.The preoperative and 6-month postoperative uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), corneal endothelium cell count and astigmatism were measured and the differences were compared, and the relationships between total astigmatism and corneal astigmatism or intraocular lens induced astigmatism were analyzed, and the postoperative position of intraocular lens and complications were observed.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Changzhou No.2 People's Hospital (No.2015-C-012-01).Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before surgery.Results:The mean preoperative UCVA (LogMAR) and BCVA (LogMAR) were 1.09±0.24 and 0.48±0.20, respectively, which were significantly improved to 0.30±0.12 and 0.26±0.13 at 6 months after operation, respectively.And the differences were statistically significant ( t=11.782, 3.795; both at P<0.01).The preoperative and 6-month postoperative corneal endothelium cell count were (2 270±360)/mm 2 and (2 032±327)/mm 2, respectively, and the difference was not significant ( t=1.921, P=0.074).The 6-month postoperative mean total astigmatism, corneal astigmatism and intraocular lens induced astigmatism were (-1.47±0.82)D, (-1.34±0.61)D and (-0.22±0.35)D, respectively.There was a highly positive correlation between total astigmatism and corneal astigmatism ( r=0.885, P<0.05), but there was no significant correlation between total astigmatism and intraocular lens induced astigmatism ( r=-0.432, P=0.095).No dislocation, deviation or torsion of intraocular lens were observed during the follow-up.Varying degree of symptoms of iridocyclitis were observed during early stage after operation, which disappeared after treatment.There were two cases of high intraocular pressure, which were normal after treatment.No retinal detachment, choroidal detachment, expulsive suprachoroidal hemorrhage, endophthalmitis, corneal endothelial decompensation or other complications occurred during and after operation. Conclusions:There is a stable position of intraocular lens, good visual acuity and few complications after four-point fixation with suture and suspension, which is a feasible method to treat dislocated intraocular lens.
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Objective To establish and confirm the hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) high specificity S/CO limit as blood donor deferral criterion.Methods A total of 783 HBsAg ELISA reactive and 588 non-reactive samples were collected, and confirmed by HBsAg electrochemiluminescence detection and neutralization test.Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) was used to evaluate the S/CO limit under 95% and 99% specificity.Another 124 HBsAg ELSIA reactive samples were tested for five kinds of hepatitis B virus(HBV) markers by using electrochemiluminescence detection to verify the blood donor deferral limit.The blood donor deferral limits of 3 laboratories, using the same reagents, were compared.Results The 95% specificity S/CO limit of two reagents were 0.24 and 0.65, the 99% specificity S/CO limit of two reagents were 3.89 and 3.62.The 99% specificity S/CO limit was set as the blood donor deferral criterion.Verify test indicated that the samples, with S/CO higher than the blood donor reentry limit of reagent 1 and 2, were all from HBV infected donor.The 99% specificity S/CO limits of reagent 1 in the other three laboratories were 3.77, 3.60 and 13.42 respectively.And the 99% specificity S/CO limits of reagent 2 in the other three laboratories were 27.73, 31.75 and 1.17.Conclusion The blood donor deferral limit of HBsAg ELISA could identify the true positive blood donor, and reduce the number of blood donor, entering the reentry process.It might not suit to adopt a unified donor deferral limit in different laboratories, even using the same reagents.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the onset time and efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with Dermatophagoides farinae drops in children with house dust mites (HDM)-induced allergic rhinitis (AR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and forty three children with perennial moderate to severe HDM-induced AR were treated by SLIT with standardized Dermatophagoides farinae extract. One hundred children who finally completed two years treatment were divided into two groups according to the age: younger children group (aged 4-8 years, n = 52) and older children group (aged 9-14 years, n = 48). Respectively, Each children was assessed before and after 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 24th months of the treatment. Total nasal symptom score (TNSS), total medication score (TMS) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were evaluated at each visit. All clinical data were analyzed retrospectively with the SPSS 19.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>TNSS, TMS and VAS of two groups decreased significantly after three months of the treatment compared with before (younger children group: Z value was -3.843, -3.534, -3.940, older children group: Z value was -3.938, -3.405, -3.953, all P < 0.05). TNSS and VAS of younger children group decreased significantly after two months of the treatment compared with before (6.4 ± 1.6, 5.3 ± 1.4 vs 8.6 ± 1.2, 7.9 ± 1.6, Z value was -3.843, -3.940, both P < 0.05). Five children (5%) experienced local adverse events and 2 children (2%) experienced mild systemic adverse events. No severe adverse events happened during the treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>SLIT with Dermatophagoides farinae drops is an efficient and safe treatment for children with HDM-induced AR. Its onset of action can be observed as early as 3 months after treatment.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Animals , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Administration, Sublingual , Allergens , Antigens, Dermatophagoides , Dermatophagoides farinae , Retrospective Studies , Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial , Drug Therapy , Software , Sublingual Immunotherapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Understanding inter-species transmission of influenza viruses is an important research topic. Scientists try to identify and evaluate the functional factors determining the host range of influenza viruses by generating the recombinant viruses through reverse genetics in laboratories, which reveals the viruses' molecular mechanisms of infection and transmission in different species. Therefore, the reverse genetic method is a very important tool for further understanding the biology of influenza viruses and will provide the insight for the prevention and treatment of infections and transmission. However, these recombinant influenza viruses generated in laboratories will become the potential threat to the public health and the environment. In this paper, we discussed the biological safety issues of recombinant influenza viruses and suggested we should set up protocols for risk management on research activities related to recombinant highly pathogenic influenza viruses.