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OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors δ （PPARδ） agonist GW501516 on the injury of pulmonary artery endothelial cells （PAECs） induced by hypoxia and its mechanism. METHODS The cytotoxic effects of GW501516 were observed by detecting the relative survival rate of PAECs； the protein expression of PPARδ was determined by Western blot assay. The cellular model of PAECs injury was established under hypoxic conditions； using antioxidant N-acetylcysteine （NAC） as positive control， the effects of GW501516 on cell injury and reactive oxygen species （ROS） production were investigated by detecting cell apoptotic rate， cell viability， lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） activity and ROS levels. Using nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2（Nrf2） activator dimethyl fumarate （DMF） as positive control， PAECs were incubated with GW501516 and/or Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 under hypoxic conditions； the mechanism of GW501516 on PAECs injury induced by hypoxia was investigated by detecting cell injury （cell apoptosis， cell viability， LDH activity）， the levels of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， glutathione peroxidase （GPx）， catalase （CAT）， malondialdehyde （MDA） and ROS， the expressions of Nrf2， heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） and cleaved-caspase-3 （C-caspase-3） protein. RESULTS The results demonstrated that hypoxia inhibited the protein expression of PPARδ （P＜0.05）， while GW501516 promoted the protein expression of PPARδ in hypoxia- exposed PAECs without obvious cytotoxic effects. GW501516 inhibited the apoptosis of PAECs， improved cell viability， and reduced LDH activity and ROS levels. GW501516 could up-regulate the protein expression of HO-1 in PAECs and the levels of SOD， GPx and CAT， while down-regulated the levels of MDA and ROS by activating the Nrf2 pathway （P＜0.05）； but Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 could reverse the above effects of GW501516 （P＜0.05）. GW501516 exerted similar effects to Nrf2 activator DMF in down-regulating the expression of C-caspase-3 and inhibiting the injury of PAECs under conditions of hypoxia （P＜0.05）. Moreover， Nrf2 inhibitor ML385 reversed the 163.com inhibition effects of GW501516 on PAECs injury （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS GW501516 can relieve the hypoxia-induced injury of PAECs via the inhibition of oxidative stress， the mechanism of which may be associated with activating Nrf2.
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Objective:To explore the significance of blood dialysis device for real-time monitoring of dialysate temperature.Methods: Nikkiso DBB-27-type hemodialysis device was selected as a subject for discussion, analyzed and discussed the working principle, main structure and functional characteristics of the mixture ratio of dialysate and temperature monitor and combined with one case of temperature troubleshooting case.Results: Temperature monitoring was essential to ensure the stable running of dialysate mixture ratio and the temperature of the dialysate.Conclusion: The dialysate temperature has an important effect on renal fibrosis in end-stage hemodialysis patients, it is necessary to monitor the dialysate temperature and mixture ratio. Dialysis device heating degas proportioning system through surveillance system linked to the dialysis unit normal, stable operation, provide safe and reliable dialysis treatment for patients.
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Objective To observe the effect of effective monomer of Kangxianling prescription on renal function and extracellular matrix composition of 5/6 nephrectomy rats model, and provide basis for the screening of effective traditional Chinese medicine of anti-renal fibrosis. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, chrysophanol group, salvianolate A group, oleanolic acid group and losartan group. The kidney fibrosis model was made by operation. Two months after intervented by correspong drugs, renal pathological changes of all groups were observed, the levels of renal function indexes were detected, and real-time PCR assay was used to detect laminin (LN), fibronectin (FN), type Ⅲ collagen (C-Ⅲ), type Ⅰ collagen (C-Ⅰ) mRNA expression in rat kidney tissue. Results SCr and BUN in model group increased significantly compared with the normal group (P<0.01). SCr and BUN in salvianolate A group decreased significantly compared with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). BUN in salvianolate A group decreased significantly compared with the losartan group (P<0.01). The expression of C- ,Ⅲ C-Ⅰand LN were reduced by effective monomer of Kangxianling prescription. Conclusion Effective monomer of Kangqianling prescription can inhibit renal fibrosis through reducing the expression of extracellular matrix components, thereby improve the renal function.
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Objective To observe the effects of angiotensin Ⅱ( Ang Ⅱ) blockade on renal function, renal blood flow and renal oxygen consumption in chronic renal failure ( CRF) rats induced by 5/6th kidney ablation /infarction (5/6A/I).Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:the normal group (group A, n =14), mod-el group (group B, n=14) and angiotensin II blockade (Cozaar with Monopril) treatment group (group C, n =14).The chronic renal failure ( CRF) rat models were induced by 5/6th kidney ablation/infarction.The tail artery systolic pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and tail vein serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), hemoglobin ( Hb) and creatinine clearance rate ( Ccr) were assessed before and after intervention.The course of treatment was sixty days.The renal blood flow ( RBF) , blood gas analysis of abdominal aortic and renal vein, left renal vein pressure ( RV-pO2 ) were detected and remnant renal oxygen consumption ( QO2/TNa ) was calculated, and the pathological changes of remnant kidney were observed after the 60 d intervention.Results (1) Compared with the group A, the levels of Scr, BUN and tail artery SBP, DBP were significantly increased ( P<0.01 for all) , and the levels of Ccr and Hb were signifi-cantly decreased ( P<0.01) in the groups B and C, demonstrating the successful modeling.(2) Compared with the group B, the levels of Scr, tail artery SBP, DBP and QO2/TNa were significantly decreased (P<0.01 for all), the levels of BUN were decreased (P<0.05), the levels of Hb, Ccr and RVpO2 were significantly increased (P<0.01 for all), the level of RBF was increased ( P<0.05) in the group C after intervention.(3) The histopathological examination of the remnant re-nal tissue showed that the pathological changes in the group C were apparently reduced, better than those of the Group B. Conclusions Angiotensin II blockade can increase RBF, reduce renal oxygen consumption, improve renal function, and reduce the renal pathological changes in CRF rats.The mechanism of renal protection may be related to the regulation of cellular energy metabolism and improvement of renal oxygen consumption.
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Objective To investigate the effects of meliorated renal failure decoction (MRFD) on renal function and inflammatory cytokines in patients with CKD 3-4 stages. Methods Sixty-two patients with CKD 3-4 stages were divided into treatment group and control group through random number table method. Both groups were given conventional treatment of western medicine, and the treatment group was given MRFD additionally. After 6 months of treatment, the changes of TCM symptom scores, Hb, Scr, BUN, 24 h UP, IL-6, IL-8, TNF and eGFR were observed. Meanwhile, the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results The total clinical effective rate in treatment group was 65.63%(21/32), and 30.00%(9/30) in the control group (P0.05). Conclusion MRFD can improve TCM syndrome and renal function, delay the progress of patients with CKD at 3-4 stage by means of reducing the inflammatory cytokines and inhibiting micro-inflammatory state.
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Objective To observe the effects of Dengzhanhua Capsule on kidney tissue inflammatory cytokines in chronic renal failure rats;To explore its possible mechanism for the efficacy in chronic renal failure. Methods Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, benazepril group and Dengzhanhua group, 15 rats in each group. Chronic renal failure rat model was established by Platt 5/6 nephrectomized. Benazepril (0.29 mg/100 g) was given to rats in the benazepril group by gastrogavage. Dengzhanhua Capsule (0.3 g/100 g) was given to rats in the Dengzhanhua group by gastrogavage. Normal saline was given to rats in the normal group and the model group by gastrogavage. The whole treatment period was twelve weeks. Expressions of TGF-β1 and PAI-1 were determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after treatment. Concentrations of kidney tissue inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA. Results Expressions of TGF-β, PAI-1 and IL-6, TNF-αin benazepril group and Dengzhanhua group were significantly lower than those in model group (P<0.05). Compared with benazepril group, it was significantly lower in Dengzhanhua group (P<0.05). Conclusion Dengzhanhua Capsule can reduce kidney tissue inflammatory in chronic renal failure rats, and inhibit renal fibrosis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of syndrome differentiation-based treatment with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) versus losartan therapy in addition to basic treatment for management of proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This multicenter, randomized, and case-controlled clinical trial was conducted among 81 consecutive patients meeting the inclusion criteria. The patients were randomized consecutively to receive TCM treatments according to the syndrome patterns in TCM (spleen and kidney Qi and Yin deficiency, and spleen and kidney Qi and Yang deficiency, n=60) or oral losartan therapy (50 mg/day, n=21) in addition to the basic treatments. All the patients were followed up for 24 weeks to observe the clinical effects.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients in TCM group showed a significantly higher overall response rate (93.33%) than those in losartan group (76.20%, P<0.05). The TCM score in the two groups were all decreased at week 24 as compared with baseline (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The TCM scores in both groups decreased significantly after the treatments as compared with the baseline scores (P<0.05). After a 8-week-long treatment, Scr, eGFR and Cys-C, U-Pro/24 h, and MA/Cr all decreased significantly in TCM group (P<0.05) but showed no significant changes in losartan group (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Syndrome differentiation-based TCM treatment in addition to basic treatments can produce satisfactory therapeutic effects on proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease by improving the clinical symptoms, reducing TCM symptom scores and proteinuria, and protecting the renal functions.</p>
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Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Losartan , Therapeutic Uses , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Methods , Phytotherapy , Prospective Studies , Proteinuria , Drug Therapy , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Drug TherapyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of Jianpi Qinghua decoctions in ameliorating kidney fibrosis in rats with focal segmental glomurular sclerosis (FSGS) nephropathy in light of blocking the functions of the inflammatory cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat models of FSGS nephropathy were established by left nephrectomy and intravenous injection of adriamycin and treated with Jianpi Qinghua decoction. The renal expressions of interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (ICAM-1) were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Treatment with Jianpi Qinghua decoction, Jianpi decoction, Qinghua decoction, and Niaoduqing particles all significantly lowered renal tubulointerstitial expressions of IL-6 in the model rats (P<0.01). Renal tubulointerstitial MCP-1 expressions were all lowered significantly in the rats by treatments with Jianpi Qinghua decoction, Jianpi decoction, QingHua decoctions, and Niaoduqing particles (P<0.01), and Jianpi Qinghua decoction produced a stronger effect than Niaoduqing particles (P<0.05). Jianpi Qinghua decoction, Jianpi decoction, Qinghua decoctions and and Niaoduqing particles all significantly decreased renal tubulointerstitial MCP-1 and ICAM-1 expressions (P<0.01), and Jianpi Qinghua and Qinghua decoctions both showed stronger effects than Niaoduqing particles (P<0.01). Jianpi Qinghua decoctions significantly suppressed the expressions of IL-6, MCP-1, and ICAM-1 and produced stronger effects than Niaoduqing particles on MCP-1 and ICAM-1 expressions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Jianpi Qinghua decoctions can ameliorate inflammatory injury and lower the levels of inflammatory factors in rats with FSGS nephropathy, the mechanism of which is associated with inhibiting IL-6 signaling pathway.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Chemokine CCL2 , Metabolism , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental , Metabolism , Pathology , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 , Metabolism , Interleukin-6 , Metabolism , Kidney , Metabolism , Pathology , Kidney Tubules , Metabolism , Random Allocation , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sclerosis , Signal TransductionABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical significance of fine needle aspiration biopsy and immunohistochemical markers in differential diagnosis of thyroid nodule.Methods One hundred and eighty-five cases of thyroid nodule were enrolled in the study.All cases received preoperative fine-needle aspiration biopsy and immunocytochemistry.Results The sensitivity,specificity,diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy to detect diagnosis of thyroid nodules was 75.0％ (21/28),85.4％ (134/157),83.8％(155/185).The positive rates of p53 and galectin-3 immunodetection in discriminating benign from malignant thyroid nodules were 60.7％ (17/28),85.7％ (24/28),combined with p53 and galectin-3 immunodetection in discriminating benign from malignant thyroid nodules was 50.0％ (14/28).The positive rates of p53 and galectin-3 immunodetection in thyroid adenomas were 0,5.1％ (8/157),combined with p53 and galectin-3 immunodetection in thyroid adenomas was 1.3％ (2/157).The positive rates of p53 and galectin-3 immunodetection in malignant thyroid cytologic specimens,alone or combined were significantly higher than those in thyroid adenomas,there were significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).The diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration biopsy with p53 and galectin-3 immunodetection,alone or combined,in discriminating benign from malignant thyroid nodules [94.1％(174/185),93.5％(173/185),91.4％(169/185)] were higher or equal to those in fine needle aspiration biopsy[83.8％(155/185)],there were significant differences (P ＜0.05).Conclusion Immunodetection of p53 and galectin-3 combined with fine needle aspiration biopsy in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules can raise the diagnostic accuracy.
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Objective:To study the effect of Jianpi Qinghua Recipe ( JPQHR) on angiotensin II/NADPH oxidase pathway in 5/6 nephrectomized rat renal failure model and the underlying mechanisms. Methods:The animals were divided into 4 groups:the sham-operated group, the renal failure group, the JPQHR-treated group and the losartan-treated group. After 60-days therapy, serum nitrogen and creatinine were measured. The expression of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) protein and the expression of p47phox mRNA in renal tissue was determined. SOD and MDA were also examined. Results:Compared with the sham-operated group, the levels of SCr and serum BUN and the AT1 protein and p47phox mRNA expression in the renal failure group were significantly increased. hTe activities of SOD in renal tissue from the renal failure group was signiifcantly down-regulated while MDA was up-regulated (P0.05). The level of SCr and serum BUN and the content of MDA were also not statistically different (P>0.05). Conclusion:hTrough decrease the expression of angiotensin II and NADPH oxidase, JPQHR can reduce the oxidative stress in chronic renal failure and delay the renal ifbrosis progression.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the experimental basis of the "water metabolism theory" in traditional Chinese medicine by observing the changes of aquaporin-1 in the lung, spleen and kidney.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat models of Kidney Yang Deficiency induced by gavage with 2% adenine suspension for 4 weeks were treated with cistanches decoction for 6 weeks. Urinary 17-hydroxy cortisol, urine creatinine, urine osmolality value content, and aquaporin-1 mRNA and protein expressions in the lung, spleen and kidney tissues were detected after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Treatment with adenine induced Kidney Yang Deficiency in rats by causing a reduction in urinary 17-hydroxy cortisol, urine creatinine and urine osmolality. Aquaporin-1 mRNA expression in the spleen and kidney were down-regulated after adenine treatment. Compared with the rat models, intervention with cistanche significantly increased aquaporin-1 mRNA expression in the lung and kidney tissues. Adenine resulted in increased aquaporin-1 protein expression in the lung, spleen and kidney of the rats, while cistanche intervention lowered its expression in lung and kidney tissues.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The lung, spleen, kidneys are involved in water metabolism, and aquaporin-1 is one of its molecular basis. Cistanche can increase aquaporin-1 expressions, which is also regulated by other factors.</p>
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Animals , Male , Rats , Adenine , Pharmacology , Aquaporin 1 , Metabolism , Cistanche , Chemistry , Kidney , Metabolism , Lung , Metabolism , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Rats, Wistar , Spleen , Metabolism , Yang Deficiency , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a convenient, practical and high efficient method of DNA extraction of os cervi, and lay the foundation of identification of animal bones.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The bones of sika deer, red deer, cattle, dog and pig were used to extract DNA under different decalcification time (24,48,72 h) and decalcification temperature (4,25,37,56,70 degrees C), and extract method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>It proved by experiments that demineralization process promotes the cracking of osteocyte. In a broad of decalcification time and temperature, DNA could be extracted from all bone samples successfully while the quantity varied slightly.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Samples (about 0.1 g) decalcify with 0. mol x L(-1) EDTA at 4 degrees C for 24 h, then water-bath for 1 h after lysis buffer added, DNA extracted via the method above is of high quality and can be used for PCR.</p>
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Animals , Cattle , Dogs , Bone Demineralization Technique , Bone and Bones , Chemistry , Metabolism , DNA , Deer , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Swine , Temperature , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Objective To study the prevalence,treatment policy and control of hypertension in patients with maintenance hemodialysis, and to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension control.Methods We studied the current status of 1382 patients with maintenance hemodialysis in 11 dialysis centers in Shanghai, among them 809 were male, and 573 were female.Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure(SBP) ≥ 140 and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥90 mm Hg ( 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa).Those who had a history of hypertension and requiring antihypertensive therapy were also diagnosed as hypertension though their blood pressure was within normal range during the survey.Hypertension control was defined as blood pressure ＜ 140/90 mm Hg before each dialysis session.Results The prevalence of hypertension in the hemodialysis patients was 86.3%.The treatment rate and control rate in those patients were 96.8% and 25.5% respectively.More than half (50.4% ) of patients were treated with only one kind of anti-hypertensive drug, and 34.4% with 2 kinds, 14.2% with 3 kinds, 1.0% with 4 kinds or more.Calcium channel blocker (CCB) was the most frequently prescribed drug (61.0%), followed by angiotensin Ⅱ receptor blockers ( 56.4% ), centrally acting anti-hypertensive agent ( 26.4% ), beta blockers and alpha, beta-blockers( 14.0% ).The control rate of hypertension in those hemodialysis people was aggravated by the existence of coronary artery disease.The patients who need more kinds of antihypertensive agents have a poorer control rate of hypertension.The hypertension control rate elevated significantly with the adequate hemodialysis.Conclusions There is a very high prevalence of hypertension in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Although the treatment rate is high, the control rate is unsatisfactory.So the control of hypertension in hemodialysis patient is still a clinical challenge.Appropriate dialysis adequacy, reasonable use of erythropoietin, treatment of heart disease and judicious use of antihypertensive drugs may be helpful to improve the clinical outcome.
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AIM: To observe the effects of sera containing Kang xian ling (a traditional Chinese medicine) on c-Met and its downstream MAPK signal molecules in HK-2 cells treated with transforming growth factor-β_1(TGF-β_1), so as to further explore the effective mechanism of anti-renal fibrosis of the traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: Rat sera containing herbs were collected after rats were intragastrically administered with the herbs. HK-2 cells activated by TGF-β_1 were incubated with different heat-inactivated sera. The proliferation and expression of MAPK and the phosphorylation of MAPK in HK-2 cells were detected by Alarm blue and immunoblotting. RESULTS: No significant difference of cell proliferation between any two groups was observed. C-Met and the phosphorylation of its downstream molecules were also observed after incubated with different sera. CONCLUSION: The receptor c-Met of hepatocyte growth factor, and the phosphorylation of its downstream MAPK molecules can be regulated by the sera containing Kang xian ling.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the material foundation of kidney-yang-deficiency syndrome. METHODS: Two kinds of rat models of deficiency of kidney-yang were induced by adenine intragastric administration (model I) and hydrocortisone intramuscular injection (model II). One hundred rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model I group, low-dose model II group, medium-dose model II group and high-dose model II group. After model establishment, contents of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine creatinine (UCr) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer; freezing point method was used for 24-hour urinary osmotic pressure (Uosm) testing and kaolinite method was used to detect the content of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS). Expression of aquaporin-1 in renal tissue was observed by using real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The rats of model groups had the characteristics of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome. The contents of SCr and BUN were significantly higher in model I group than in normal control group and three model II groups (P<0.05), and UCr and Uosm were significantly lower (P<0.05). The level of urinary 17-OHCS and expression of aquaporin-1 in renal tissue were decreased in the model I group (P<0.05) as compared with the normal control group. Compared with the normal control group, the content of SCr was increased and urinary 17-OHCS was decreased in the medium-dose model II group, but the expression of aquaporin-1 was increased in three model II groups with a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Aquaporin-1 may be one of the material foundations of kidney-yang-deficiency syndrome.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of high-protein diet (HPD) and high-grade proteinuria in aggravating the progression of chronic renal failure (CRF) in rats. METHODS: CRF with high-grade proteinuria was induced by supplying HPD in five sixth nephrectomy rats, and the changes of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), endothelin-1 (ET-1), thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F(l alpha) (6-Keto-PGF(l alpha)) were observed. At the same time, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were measured in blood and renal tissue of the rats. RESULT: HPD and high-grade proteinuria could accelerate the damage of kidney through increasing the levels of ET-1 and TXB(2), reducing the level of 6-Keto-PGF(l alpha), and attenuating the activities of SOD and GSH-Px. CONCLUSION: HPD can accelerate the damage of kidney through inducing the high-grade proteinuria in five sixth nephrectomy rats, influencing the expression of kidney vasoactive substance, and reducing the anti-oxidation.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Kangxianling Decoction (KXLD), a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mRNA and phosphorylations of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and p38 in renal tissue of rats with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). METHODS: Eighteen male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operated group, untreated group and KXLD-treated group. A rat model of renal interstitial fibrosis was established by UUO. Rats with UUO were sacrificed after intragastric administration of KXLD for 14 days, and the parameters such as serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and hydroxyproline in the kidney of rats in 3 groups were analyzed. The expression of HGF mRNA in kidney tissue was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The expressions of c-Met protein, ERK1/2 protein, p38 protein and the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38 were determined by Western blotting method. RESULTS: The levels of SCr, BUN and hydroxyproline in the untreated group were significantly increased as compared with those in the sham-operated group (P<0.05). The expression of HGF mRNA in the untreated group was significantly down-regulated. The expression of c-Met protein and the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38 in the kidney tissue of rats with UUO in the untreated group were significantly up-regulated. After intervention with KXLD, the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38 were all significantly inhibited except for c-Met expression. The HGF mRNA was increased in KXLD-treated group. CONCLUSION: KXLD can decrease the level of collagen in the obstructed kidney of rats with UUO and alleviate the renal interstitial fibrosis in rats with UUO through enhancing the HGF mRNA expression and inhibiting the phosphorylations of ERK1/2 and p38.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Jianpi Qinghua Recipe (JPQHR) on oxygen radicals and transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) in renal tissue in a rat model of chronic renal failure with hyperlipidemia. METHODS: Chronic renal failure with hyperlipidemia was induced in rats in untreated group and JPQHR-treated group by 5/6 nephrectomy and high fat diet. Then the rats in these two groups were fed distilled water and JPQHR respectively for eight weeks. The rats in normal control group received no specific interventions. After eight weeks of treatment, the levels of 24 h urine protein (Upr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr), cholesterol (Ch), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) of rats in these three groups were examined. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and expression level of TGFbeta1 mRNA in renal tissue of rats in each groups were also determined. RESULTS: The levels of 24 Upr, BUN and serum Cr, Ch, TG and LDL in the JPQHR-treated group were significantly lower than those in the untreated group. The contents of MDA and NEFA and the expression level of TGFbeta1 mRNA in the JPQHR-treated group were also significantly lower than those in the untreated group, while the activity of SOD was significantly increased in the JPQHR-treated group as compared with that in the untreated group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that JPQHR can improve the renal function of rats with chronic renal failure and hyperlipidemia by regulating lipid metabolism, maintaining balance between prooxidants and antioxidants and reducing expression of TGFbeta1 mRNA in renal tissue.
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Objective: To study the mechanism of safflower injection(红花注射液) on preventing thrombosis after arteriovenous fistula operation in rabbits.Method: Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: safflower injection group,heparin group and control group(each n=8).Rabbit femoral arteryvein side-to-side anastomosis models were performed on both sides of the lower extremities and they were coincided.Safflower injection(5 mg/kg) or heparin injection(6 U/kg) was given from ear edge vein immediately after operation in the respective group,while normal saline(0.9%) was given with the same fashion in the control group,once per day for 14 days.On the 1 st,3 rd,7 th and 15 th day after operation,the nitric oxide(NO) in serum and endothelin(ET) in plasma were determined respectively.Results: The plasma ET contents were significantly lowered in safflower and heparin groups compared with that of control group(both P
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0,but,prognostication capability was very weak,Q2Y=-0.607