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Pulmonary fibrosis is the end-stage manifestation of a large class of lung diseases characterized by fibroblast proliferation and accumulation of a large amount of extracellular matrix accompanied by inflammatory injury and tissue structure destruction. Studies have shown that flavonoids have anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects through multiple paths， including dihydromyricetin， morin and fisetin can inhibit fibroblast differentiation； Trollius altaicus flavonoids， hesperidin and linarin can play an anti-inflammatory role； total flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis， scutellarin and chrysin can inhibit epithelial- mesenchymal transition； total flavonoids of Litchi chinensis， diosmin and silybin can play an anti-oxidative stress role； quercetin， baicalin and apigenin can regulate autophagy； total flavonoids of Oxytropis falcata， calycosin and dihydroquercetin can regulate apoptosis； naringin， scutellarin and total flavonoids of Dracocephalum moldavica can inhibit pyroptosis， thus exerting anti- pulmonary fibrosis effects.
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OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect of linarin in vivo and in vitro， and investigate its mechanism preliminarily. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal group （carboxymethylcellulose sodium）， model group （carboxymethylcellulose sodium）， positive control group （pirfenidone， 200 mg/kg）， linarin low-dose and high-dose groups （12.5， 25 mg/kg）， with 8 mice in each group. Except for normal group， pulmonary fibrosis model was induced in other groups. After modeling， they were given relevant medicine intragastrically， once a day， for consecutive 14 d. The general situation of mice was observed， and their lung indexes were measured； the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） and transforming growth factor-β1（ TGF-β1） in serum and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in lung tissue were determined. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining were used to observe the histopathological morphology of lung. The pulmonary fibrosis was scored according to Ashcroft score standard. The expressions of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA） and （type Ⅰ collagen， Collagen Ⅰ）， phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase （p-ERK1/2） and TGF-β1 in lung tissues were detected. HFL1 cells were stimulated by TGF- β1 to form pulmonary fibrosis model in vitro， which were divided into normal group， model group and linarin low-， medium- and high-concentration groups （3.7， 7.4， 14.8 mg/L）. After being cultured for 48 h， the protein expressions of α-SMA， Collagen Ⅰ and p-ERK1/2 in HFL1 cells were detected. RESULTS In vivo， compared with normal group， the lung index of model group and the levels of TNF- α， TGF- β1 and IL-6 were significantly increased （P＜0.01）. There were a large number of inflammatory infiltration and cellular fibrosis lesions in the alveoli， and a large number of collagen depositions. The scores of HE staining and Masson staining were significantly increased （P＜0.01）. The protein expressions of α-SMA， Collagen Ⅰ， p-ERK1/2 and TGF-β1 in lung tissue were up-regulated significantly （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， above indexes of mice were improved significantly in linarin high-dose group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， and most of indexes （except for lung index） were improved significantly in linarin low-dose group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. In vitro， compared with blank group， the density of cells in the model group increased， and obvious proliferation and other changes occurred； protein expressions of α-SMA， Collagen Ⅰ and p-ERK1/2 were significantly up-regulated （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， the cell density of each concentration group was decreased and the morphology gradually returned to normal； the expressions of above proteins in linarin high-concentration group and the protein expression of p-ERK1/2 in linarin medium-concentration group were down-regulated significantly（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Linarin may regulate ERK and inflammatory pathways to reduce the inflammatory response， thereby exerting anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect.
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Objective To increase the normative follow-up rate of organ transplant recipients,and to improve their long-term survival rate of patients and their life quality.Methods Establish a normative follow-up management system of organ transplantation,improve the follow-up rules and link management,strengthen the whole-course health education and provide comfort and warm service for patients.Results ( 1 ) The results of patients/renal survival rates at different times indicated that the 1 year,3 year and 5 year patients/renal survival rates in the normative follow-up group were significantly higher than that in the random follow-up group,P ＜ 0.05.( 2 ) The 1-year follow-up results for the outpatients indicated that no difference in one-year follow-up rate were observed in both groups (98.4％ vs.97.5 ％,P =0.128).And the 3 year and 5 year follow-up rates in the normative follow-up group were statistically significantly higher than that in the random follow-up group (90.1％ vs.85.5％,88.3％ vs.55.3％,P ＜ 0.001 ).Conclusion Establishment of the sound and normative follow-up management system of organ transplantation was helpful to improve the long-term survival rates of patients and their life quality.
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Obiective To evaluate the efficacy of health package for the nurse in train evacuation, Methods The self-manufactured new mobile health package for the nurses provides shortcut and completed equipment in various basic nursing care, therapic procedure, condition observation, emergency aid and treatment for nursing staff who performed transportation in train evacuation.Results The potable health package can play an important role in several medical support training and have special mission. Conclusion The health package has mobile applicability and operability, which is an important equipment for successful medical support training.
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Alemtuzumab (Campath) was successfully injected in 21 kidney transplant patients,7 islet transplant patients and 1 simultaneous kidney and islet transplant patient for either prevention or treatment of graft rejection.Prophylactic administration was successfully completed in all patients without discontinuation.Adverse events were not observed in 11 patients (38%),but hypertension in 18 patients (62%),shivering in 3 patients (10.3%),high fever in 3 patients (10.3%),and bronchospasm in 1 patient (3%),respectively.All complications alleviated after proper therapy.During the prophylactic administration of alemtuzumab,strict,timely and proper ward-management was needed.Care for lung,perineum,skin,diet and psychological nursing were necessary.Neither graft acute rejection nor graft chronic rejection episode occurred in all patients during 6 months to 2 years follow-up.Therefore,long term effects of Alamtuzumab and consequences of lymphocytopenia need further observation.
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Objective To establish a kind of medical box for wound debriding and change dressing in sanitary train,which could be used to satisfy the requirements of natural and manmade disasters for medical service.Methods With tri-grade modularization theory,the medical box were divided into four functional sections,including disinfection cleaning solution section,debriding and change dressings common section,contaminated wound change dressings section and infected wound change dressing section.Through the four sections,the medical box could be provided 5 wound debirding and 50 change dressings.Results The medical box can satisfy all requirements for wound treatment with useful and convenient function.Conclusions The invented medical urgent box has so many advantages of modularization,complete functions and expansionary,which could satisfy all requirements for sanitary train.