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Objective:To evaluate the effect of regulation of zinc finger protein 281 (ZNF281) expression by miR-203 on the proliferation and migration of melanoma cell lines.Methods:The human vascular endothelial cell line ECV304, as well as human melanoma cell lines A375, M14, SK-MEL-28 and SK-MEL-2 were subjected to conventional culture. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was performed to measure the miR-203 expression, and Western blot analysis to determine the ZNF281 protein expression in the above cell lines. Both A375 and M14 cells were divided into 5 groups: control group (normally cultured) , miR-203 mimic control group transfected with the miR-203 mimic negative control, miR-203 inhibitor control group transfected with the miR-203 inhibitor negative control, miR-203 mimic group transfected with a miR-203 mimic, miR-203 inhibitor group transfected with a miR-203 inhibitor. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative PCR was conducted to measure intracellular miR-203 expression, cell counting kit (CCK) -8 assay to assess cellular proliferation activity, Transwell assay to determine the number of migratory cells, and Western blot analysis to measure the protein expression of ZNF281 in A375 and M14 cells in the above groups. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was conducted to verify the targeting relationship between miR-203 and ZNF281. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of multiple groups, and the Student-Newman-Keuls- q (SNK- q) test for multiple comparisons. Results:Lower miR-203 expression and higher ZNF281 protein expression were observed in the melanoma cell lines A375, M14, SK-MEL-28, SK-MEL-2 compared with the vascular endothelial cell line ECV304 (all P < 0.05) . Compared with the control group, miR-203 mimic control group and miR-203 inhibitor control group, the miR-203 mimic group showed significantly increased miR-203 expression in A375 and M14 cells ( F = 487.632, 68.454, respectively, both P < 0.05) , significantly decreased number of migratory A375 and M14 cells (both P < 0.05) , and significantly decreased ZNF281 protein expression (both P < 0.05) , while the miR-203 inhibitor group showed significantly decreased miR-203 expression in A375 and M14 cells (both P < 0.05) , significantly increased number of migratory A375 and M14 cells (both P < 0.05) , significantly increased ZNF281 protein expression in A375 cells ( P < 0.05) , significantly increased proliferative activity of A375 cells at 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (all P < 0.05) , and significantly increased proliferative activity of M14 cells at 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours (all P < 0.05) . Dual-luciferase reporter assay showed interaction sites between miR-203 and ZNF281. Conclusion:Up-regulating the miR-203 expression can inhibit the proliferation and migration of melanoma cell lines, and vice versa, likely by regulating the expression of ZNF281.
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Objective To study the morbidity,pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of winged scapula.Methods The key words about "winged scapula" have been used to search articles which include winged scapula patients in English and Chinese literature databases from 1958 to 2017.The articles have been filtrated by title,abstract and full text.There are 36 articles used for this study.All the patients are objects of this study,but the same patients' data in different articles have not been used repeatedly.The patients' data have been collected as much as possible,including age,sex,causes,treatment,follow-up and so on.All the patients' data have been used for systematic analysis.Results All of 356 patients with winged scapula were selected from 36 literatures for systematic analysis.There were 213 cases of anterior saw muscle paralysis,among which 16 cases were physical exercise,11 cases were excellent and 5 cases were poor,with an excellent rate of 68.8％.There were 70 cases of neurolysis and transplantation,50 cases were excellent and 20 cases were poor,with an excellent rate of 71.4％.There were 3 cases of scapulectomy,1 case excellent and 2 cases poor.There were 124 cases of pectoralis major tendon metastasis,88 cases were excellent,36 cases were poor,and the excellent rate was 71％.There were 46 cases of trapezius paralysis,among which 14 cases were physical exercise,12 cases were excellent,2 cases were poor,and the excellent rate was 86％.1 case of scapulopexy and 1 case of superior,with an excellent rate of 100％;There were 31 cases of Eden-Lange 31 cases,27 cases of excellent and 4 cases of poor.One case of rhomboid myoplegia was treated,including 1 case of rehabilitation training (ultrasound guidance),1 case of excellent,with an excellent rate of 100％.There were 96 cases of muscular dystrophy,including 96 cases of scapulectomy,76 cases of excellent and 20 cases of poor,with an excellent rate of 79.1％.Conclusion Winged scapula is rare and its incidence is unknown,different causes determine different treatments:Anterior saw muscle palsy is more suitable for thoracolumbar tendon transfer,and modified Eden-Lange is more suitable for trapezius palsy.
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Objective To evaluate the curative effect of urokinase combined with low molecular heparin sodium in managing arteriovenous fistula embolism. Methods Toally 48 patients with arteriovenous fistula embolism treated from January 2014 to October 2015 were selected for the study, where 22 were assigned into control group and 26 as trial group according to the registration time. The former group were treated with urokinase and the latter with urokinase combined with low molecular heparin sodium. The rate of recanalization, the rate of thrombosis recurrence, and the adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The recanalization rate in the trial group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The rate of thrombosis recurrence in the trial group was significantly lower than that the control group. There was no statistical difference in adverse reactions between the groups. Conclusion The thrombolytic effect of urokinase combined with low molecular heparin sodium is superior to that of urokinase alone, with a higher rate of recanalization.
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BACKGROUND:At present, spleen tyrosine kinase is the new target of studying and treating rheumatoid arthritis. OBJECTIVE:To study the influence of smal molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor HL131078 on the inflammatory cel infiltration and cartilage destruction of the knee joint of mice with col agen-induced arthritis. METHODS:Forty DBA/1 mice were randomly and evenly divided into blank, model, positive and experimental groups. Col agen type II (CII) solution and Freund’s complete adjuvant (including mycobacterium tuberculosis) were injected into the mice of the latter three groups through the tail to establish mouse models of col agen-induced arthritis. At 2 weeks after the the first immunization with CII, the mice in the positive group were intragastrical y given R406 (10 mg/kg), once a day, for 28 consecutive days. The mice in the experimental group were intragastrical y given HL131078 (10 mg/kg), once per day, for 28 consecutive days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the mean arthritis indexes of mice in the experimental and positive groups started to decline at 29 and 26 days. In the experimental group, the cartilage destruction of mouse knee joint was obviously reduced and the inflammatory cel infiltration in the knee joints was obviously reduced, which was close to that in the positive group. The results demonstrate that the smal molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor HL131078 can effectively reduce inflammatory cel infiltration and cartilage destruction in the knee joints of mice with col agen-induced arthritis.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To look for optimum extraction techniques for oleuropein by boiling olive leaves at low temperature and reduced pressure.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>According to single factor experiment (SFE) design, the effects of seven factors, the impact of seven factors, type of solvent, temperature, time, ratio of material to liquid, ethanol concentration, vacuum degree and extraction times, on extraction yield of oleuropein were investigated. Based on the results of SFE, four more important factors, temperature, time, ratio of material to liquid and ethanol concentration, were selected in L9 (3(4)) orthogonal experiment (OE) to compare with those extracted with traditional methods.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The optimum conditions for boiling extraction of oleuropein at low temperature and reduced pressure were as follows: temperature 60 degrees C, time 20 min, ratio of material to liquid 1:30 and ethanol concentration 85%. The conditions presented an extraction yield of 5.90%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with traditional extraction methods and the ultrasound assisted extraction method, boiling extraction techniques at low temperature and reduced pressure were so quick and efficient that it has a good application prospect.</p>
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Iridoids , Liquid-Liquid Extraction , Methods , Olea , Chemistry , Plant Leaves , Chemistry , Pressure , Pyrans , Chemistry , Technology, Pharmaceutical , Methods , TemperatureABSTRACT
Objective To compare the outcome of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA)and third generation of Gamma nail (TGN) in the treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture in the elderly. Methods From January 2007 to June 2008, the patients with intertrochanteric fractures were divided into PFNA group ( n = 55 ) and TGN group ( n = 52 ) randomly. The two treatment groups were comparable in aspect of general data. The clinical data of surgical trauma, complications and postoperative function of the two groups were compared in our study. Results The mean operation time was (66.6 ± 15.4) min in PFNA group and (73. 1 ± 20.8 ) min in TGN group (P ＞ 0. 05 ). The mean intraoperative blood loss differed significantly, (219.5 ± 107.5 ) ml in PFNA group compared with (269.0 ±123.9) ml in TGN group ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). The mean fluoroscopy time was ( 2.97 ± 1.14 ) min in PFNA group and (3.43 ± 1.18) min in TGN group (P＜0.05). Unilateral femoral shaft splits at the distal end of the nail was observed intra-operatively in four patients of the PFNA group and in one of the TGN group,with no statistical difference between two groups. Of all, 91 patients ( n =46 in the PFNA group and n =45 in the TGN group) were followed up for a duration of ( 17.5 ±3.69) months. There was one re-fracture and one implant failure during the follow up period in PFNA group, which was not found in TGN group. Fiftyone patients recovered to normal activity status, including 27 in the PFNA group and 24 in the TGN group,with no statistical differences. Conclusions Intertrochanteric fracture can be treated successfully with PFNA and TGN. There is no significant difference in complications and functional outcome between the two groups. However, PFNA takes advantages of less blood loss, less operative time and less fluoroscopy time over TGN.
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BACKGROUND:There are a variety of surgical approaches for minimally invasive total hip replacement,such as anterolateral,posterolateral and two-incision.However,it is unknown which one is more in line with the concept of minimally invasive and easy to carry out.OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical application effect of total hip replacement using anterlateral modified Watson-Jones approach.METHODS:From January 2005 to December 2006,35 patients were performed total hip replacement with the new anterlateral approach at the Department of Orthopaedics,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,including 16 males and 19 females,aged 52-78 years,mean aged 65.9 years;the average body mass index was 24.4 kg/m~2 (19.3-30.1 kg/m~2).The length of incision,operative duration,transfusion,complications,postoperative movement,postoperative hospital stay,prosthesis position and Harris score after operation were observed.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The patients were followed up 6-24 months,with an average of 17.3 months.The average length of incision was 8.3 cm (7-12 cm).The mean operative duration was 92.1 minutes (70-120 minutes).The average blood transfusion was 300 mL (0-800 mL).All the patients were practice their limb muscles immediately after the operation and they were activity the day after operation under the guidance of doctor.The average postoperative hospital stay was 7.9 days (5-15days).Eleven hip pains occurred at 3 months,9 cases at 6 months and 5 cases at 12 months,the Harris scores were (79.5±4.4)points,(84.0±3.6) points,and (85.4±3.0) points,respectively.No infection,dislocation,vessel or nerve injury happened.From the follow up,all of the patients had good prosthesis position and rang of hip motion.The results revealed that the new anterolateral approach is minimally invasive total hip replacement,and the patients can recover faster via some proper exercise.
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Objective To study the anti-apoptotic effects of Levodopa on osteonecrosis of the femoral head induced by methylprednisolone (MPS).Methods Forty-four rabbits were randomly divided in to 3 groups.The model group (n=15) was injected with lipopolysaccharide (LPS,10 μg/kg) and then MPS (20 mg/kg) was given 3 times with 24 h interval.The treatment group (n=1 5) was firstly treated by the same methods as the model group,then was administered Levodopa (0.4 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) orally after the last injection of MPS.The control group (n=14) was injected with sodium chloride alone.On the 6th and 8th week after modeling,radiography and MR images were taken in 7 rabbits of each group,specimens taken from the femoral heads were observed by HE stain and TUNEL analysis was made.Blood samples were taken for detection of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on the 8th week.Results On the 6th and 8th week,the average percentage of empty osteocyte lacunae in the treatment group (13.33‰±3.06‰,25.97‰±6.29‰) was significantly lower than that of the model group (21.44‰±4.77‰,33.86‰±8.38‰,P<0.01),and the average apoptosis index in the treatment group (74.93‰±14.32‰,120.67‰±13.13‰) was significantly lower than that of the model group (102.56‰±18.96‰,202.02‰±18.99‰.,P<0.01).On the 8th week,the level of IGF-1 in the treatment group was (14.78±2.37)ng/ml,which was higher than that of the model group obviously (10.12±2.49)ng/ml(P<0.01).Conclusion The Levodopa can decrease apoptosis of osteocytes and effectively prevent the progress of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
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Objective To observe the preliminary effects of the treatment for early non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head with Madopar. Methods Thirty-one patients with 48 hips of early stage (Ficat Ⅰ,Ⅱ) non-traumatic necrosis of the femoral head were treated with oral administration of Madopar since 2002. The disease was associated with consumption of alcohol in 16 cases with 27 hips; use of steroids in 10 cases with 13 hips; both consumption of alcohol and use of steroids in 2 cases with 4 hips; the remaining 3 cases, the condition was idiopathic. According to the criteria of Ficat et al., there were 4 hips in stage Ⅰ; 40 in stage Ⅱa and 4 in stage Ⅱb. Eighteen patients had received madopar for 10-28 months; 13 patients had been receiving the drug until now. Follow-up examinations were made by radiography, MRI and Charnley modified Merle d'Aubigne score. Results All patients were followed up for 12-84 months (average 27.8 months). The clinical symptoms improved in all cases. X-ray films showed that the bone density increased in nearly all the femoral heads, and 68.75%(33/48) of them maintained their shapes. The follow-up MRI showed their necrotic indices had decreased. The rate of clinical satisfaction was 91.67%(44/48), and the successful rate of treatment was 72.92%(35/48), and the collapse rate of early stage necrosis of the femoral head is 27.08%(13/48). Conclusion The preliminary results showed that madopar could prevent or delay collapse of the femoral head in early stage of osteonecrosis.
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Objective To investigate the advantages, indications, operative techniques and pre-liminary curative effect of proximal femoral nail antirotation(PFNA) in surgical treatment of intertrochan-teric fractures. Methods From March 2006 to June 2007, PFNA fixation was done on 38 patients with intertrochanteric fractures including 17 males and 21 females, at an average age of 65. 4 years(35-93 years). According to AO/ASIF classification, there were 10 patients with type 31-A1 fractures, 21 with type 31-A2 and 7 with type 31-A3. All patients were reduced through longitudinal traction on the traction table, with implantation of PFNA via a mini-incision. Results The mean operation duration was 50 minutes(35-105 minutes)and mean blood loss 100 ml(50-300 ml). All patients were successful except for 1 patient with split lateral cortical bone of distal shaft of the femur during operation. All pa-fients were followed up for average 13 months(4-19 months), which showed long-team bed stay due to severe complieations in 1 patient. Function recovery in 32 and deterioration of the injured limbs in 5. Cer-ebral infarction was found 6 months after operation in 1 patient, who was able to walk under support. Pri-mary bone union was achieved in all patients, with average healing time of 9. 5 weeks. There were no complications such as infection of incisional wound, pulmonary infection, phlebothrombosis, over incision or coxa adducta, except that 2 patients had perioperative respiratory system disease. According to Harris hip rating scale system. The result was excellent in 20 patients, good in 13, common in 4 and poor in 1, with total excellence rate of 89%. Conclusions As a new technique, PFNA has advantages of litth trauma. Early get-out-of-bed exercise, few complications, rigid fixation and high bone union rate and is suitable for all kinds of intertrochanteric fractures especially for old patients with osteoporosis.