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Objective@#To investigate the current status of professional identity among the undergraduates majoring in public affairs management and the related influence factors.@*Methods@#A stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among the 115 undergraduates majoring in public affairs management in a medical university in Harbin, China, and the contents of the questionnaires included general status and professional identity. The t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of professional identity. In-depth interviews were conducted for some students to explore the profound influencing factors for professional identity among the students majoring in public affairs management.@*Results@#The overall level of professional identity was low among the undergraduates majoring in public affairs management in the medical university in Harbin, and the score of professional identity was 3.25±0.56. The scores of cognitive dimension, emotional dimension, behavioral dimension, and applicable dimension were 3.41±0.69, 3.21±0.78, 3.24±0.71, and 3.13±0.72, respectively. The multivariate analysis showed that grade, academic performance, major selection, and children number in family had significant influence on their professional identity. The students who were at grade four, who had high academic record (b=-0.276, P<0.01), who chose this major independently (b=-0.277, P<0.01), and who were the only child (b=-0.233, P<0.05) had a high score of professional identity. As for the undergraduates at different grades, the undergraduates at grades two and three had a significantly lower score of professional identity than those at grade four (b=-0.296 and -0.369, P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between the undergraduates at grades one and four (b=-0.008, P>0.05). Furthermore, the students with a high score of professional identity had higher possibility to pursue the job related to this major than those with a low score (3.39±0.53 vs. 2.92±0.49, t=4.414, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#Universities should strengthen the publicity of the major of public affairs management, optimize the curriculum, and add job experience, so as to enhance professional identity among students with this major and provide talent for the field of public health management.
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Objective To investigate the current status of professional identity among the undergraduates majoring in public affairs management and the related influence factors.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among the 115 undergraduates majoring in public affairs management in a medical university in Harbin,China,and the contents of the questionnaires included general status and professional identity.The t-test,one-way analysis of variance,and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the influencing factors of professional identity.In-depth interviews were conducted for some students to explore the profound influencing factors for professional identity among the students majoring in public affairs management.Results The overall level of professional identity was low among the undergraduates majoring in public affairs management in the medical university in Harbin,and the score of professional identity was 3.25 ± 0.56.The scores of cognitive dimension,emotional dimension,behavioral dimension,and applicable dimension were 3.41 ± 0.69,3.21 ± 0.78,3.24 ± 0.71,and 3.13 ± 0.72,respectively.The multivariate analysis showed that grade,academic performance,major selection,and children number in family had significant influence on their professional identity.The students who were at grade four,who had high academic record (b =-0.276,P＜ 0.01),who chose this major independently (b=-0.277,P＜0.01),and who were the only child (b=-0.233,P＜ 0.05) had a high score of professional identity.As for the undergraduates at different grades,the undergraduates at grades two and three had a significantly lower score of professional identity than those at grade four (b=-0.296 and-0.369,P＜0.05),while there was no significant difference between the undergraduates at grades one and four (b=-0.008,P＞0.05).Furthermore,the students with a high score of professional identity had higher possibility to pursue the job related to this major than those with a low score (3.39 ± 0.53 vs.2.92 ± 0.49,t=4.414,P＜0.01).Conclusion Universities should strengthen the publicity of the major of public affairs management,optimize the curriculum,and add job experience,so as to enhance professional identity among students with this major and provide talent for the field of public health management.
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Objective To study the relations between famine exposure and the risk of chronic diseases as diabetes mellitus,obesity,hypertension,coronary heart disease and stroke in the population of Harbin.Methods Our data was collected from the baseline survey-the China Kadoorie Biobank project (CKB) in Harbin.Retrospective cohort study design was used.Related risks on chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus,obesity,hypertension,coronary heart disease and stroke,were compared among the famine exposed or non-exposed people,respectively by logistic analysis method.Results After adjusted for factors as age,sex,physical activity,smoking,alcohol intake,diet,family history of diseases,it appeared that the factor ‘ famine exposure'had increased the risks of diseases as obesity (OR=1.204,95％CI:1.104-1.313,P＜0.01),hypertension (OR=1.315,95％CI:1.210-1.429,P＜0.01) and coronary heart disease (OR=1.495,95％CI:1.369-1.632,P＜0.01).The lower the age of population being exposed to famine,the greater the risk of the development of all kinds of chronic diseases.Conclusions Famine exposure appeared a risk factor for obesity,hypertension,and coronary heart disease.It is of great significance to ensure the life-long nutrition of the people,especially in the early and adolescent stages,to prevent obesity,hypertension,and coronary heart disease in their later lives.
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Objective To study the relations between famine exposure and the risk of chronic diseases as diabetes mellitus,obesity,hypertension,coronary heart disease and stroke in the population of Harbin.Methods Our data was collected from the baseline survey-the China Kadoorie Biobank project (CKB) in Harbin.Retrospective cohort study design was used.Related risks on chronic diseases including diabetes mellitus,obesity,hypertension,coronary heart disease and stroke,were compared among the famine exposed or non-exposed people,respectively by logistic analysis method.Results After adjusted for factors as age,sex,physical activity,smoking,alcohol intake,diet,family history of diseases,it appeared that the factor ‘ famine exposure'had increased the risks of diseases as obesity (OR=1.204,95％CI:1.104-1.313,P＜0.01),hypertension (OR=1.315,95％CI:1.210-1.429,P＜0.01) and coronary heart disease (OR=1.495,95％CI:1.369-1.632,P＜0.01).The lower the age of population being exposed to famine,the greater the risk of the development of all kinds of chronic diseases.Conclusions Famine exposure appeared a risk factor for obesity,hypertension,and coronary heart disease.It is of great significance to ensure the life-long nutrition of the people,especially in the early and adolescent stages,to prevent obesity,hypertension,and coronary heart disease in their later lives.
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Objective To compare the impact of tobacco control curriculum on self-efficacy of tobacco control in different major of public health students, and offer theoretical foundation for improving tobacco control curriculum.Methods We offered tobacco control curriculum for 150 public health students (including students of preventive medicine and public service administration research direction) in medical university of Harbin, and investigated twice general self-efficacy, smoking selfefficacy and tobacco control self-efficacy before and after tobacco control curriculum, then compared intervention effects between two major students by t test.Results There were no differences of tobacco control self-efficacy, smoking self-efficacy and general self-efficacy between two major students, t values were-0.832 (P=0.407), 0.190 (P=0.849) and-0.492 (P=0.624).The tobacco control self-efficacy (t=-3.566, P=0.001) and general self-efficacy (t=-2.237, P=0.028) increased remarkably but smoking self-efficacy (t=-1.102, P=0.273) in preventive medicine students after intervention.And all of three kinds of self-efficacy were not gotten better by intervention in public service administration students.There was no obvious difference of intervention effects between tobacco control self-efficacy and general self-efficacy among preventive medicine students (t=1.541, P=0.125).Conclusions The improvement of preventive medicine students by tobacco control curriculum is better than that of public service administration students.We should further perfect the tobacco control course, and on the one hand, improve the intervention effect of students majoring in course of public health management;on the other hand, strengthen the target effects of the tobacco control curriculum to students' tobacco control self-efficacy and smoking self-efficacy.
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The teaching reform in college is calling for changes in students' learning styles and teachers' teaching methods.It is very important to change teacher' s educational concept and transform teacher' s role in the teaching process in order to completely change the form and content of nutrition and food hygiene course.It means we should only change traditional teaching approaches into problem based learning or inquiry teaching but also summarize the teaching content and integrate the theory with practice.
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BACKGROUND:As an important industrial solvent,benzene can cause DNA damage,chromosome aberrence,formation of DNA adducts and gene mutation. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects of benzene on DNA and the mechanism,as well as the changes of antioxidase system it caused. DESIGN:Randomized case control study. SETTING:The Department of Clinical Laboratory of First Affiliated Hospital and Public Health College of Harbin Medical University. PARTICIPANTS:The experiment was completed in the Animal Centre in Public Health College,Harbin Medical University.Twenty-four healthy male mice of Kunming species weighed between 18 g to 22 g were chosen.The mice were provided by Experimental Animal Centre of Second Affiliated Hospital,Harbin Medical University. INTERVENTIONS:The mice were divided into control group,low dose benzene group and high dose benzene group.Inhaling benzene smoke method was used 4 hours per day to cause benzene poisoning to mice except those of the control group.The mice were executed two months later to separate marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes and remove liver,spleen and brain to make homogenate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) was used to assay the DNA damages of marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes.Meanwhile,the contents of superoxide dismulase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in liver,spleen and brain tissues were also detected. RESULTS:The comet percentage of marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes in two benzene poisoning groups were(83.56± 10.28),(92.54± 15.93)% ,and(41.27± 6.03)% ,(65.79± 11.62)% respectively which were much higher than those in control group[(4.13± 0.52)% ,(2.21± 0.31)% ](P< 0.01) and represented dose-response relationship.The SOD activity of liver homogenate and GSH-Px activity of high dose and low dose groups were (11 573.31± 1 938.72),(12 574.68± 1 938.72) nkat/g and (309.40± 82.85),(375.41± 55.18) nkat/g respectively which were much lower than those in control group [(16 668.67± 3 137.96),(588.62± 110.52) nkat/g] (P< 0.05).However, there was no significant difference between different dose groups. The GSH-Px activity in spleen homogenate in two experimental groups was(421.75± 124.02) and(523.10± 45.18) nkat/g respectively which was much lower than that of control group [(618.42± 57.01) nkat/g](P< 0.05) and there was significant difference between two groups (P< 0.05).In the brain homogenate of both benzene groups,the GSH-Px activity was(87.35± 19.84) and(95.02± 14.00) nkat/g respectively which was much lower than that of control group[(118.36± 7.67) nkat/g] (P< 0.05) and without difference between two groups.The MDA content in brain homogenate of high dose group was(3.99± 1.15) μ mol/mg which was much higher than that of control group [(2.58± 0.53) μ mol/g] (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION:Chronic benzene poisoning can cause DNA impairment of marrow cells and peripheral lymphocytes and reduce the activity of antioxidase.
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To cultivate medical postgraduates with scientific research quality is an important task of medical education. It is of significance for excellent medical postgraduates. Cultivation of scientific research quality in scientific research thinking training,scientific research items selection and implementation was expounded in the paper to provide suggestions for better medical postgraduate education.