ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of overweight， obesity and fatty liver disease （FLD） in adult residents in a suburban area of Shanghai， and to explore the relationship between these conditions and eating out of home （EOH）. MethodsAdult residents from Zhongshan Street， Songjiang， Shanghai， were invited to report their frequency of EOH and undergo a physical examination using B-ultrasonography from May to September 2017. Binary logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between EOH and conditions of overweight， obesity， and FLD. ResultsAmong the final sample size of 6 608 participants， the prevalence rates of overweight， obesity， and FLD were 41.65%， 14.71% and 38.29%， respectively. After adjusting for potential confounders， logistic analyses revealed that participants with an EOH frequency > once/week had a 1.44-fold higher prevalence of obesity （P=0.006）， a 1.35-fold higher prevalence of overweight/obesity （P=0.005）， and a 1.36-fold higher prevalence of FLD （P=0.008）. ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight， obesity， and FLD is relatively high in Songjiang， Shanghai. EOH may be a risk factor for these diseases， and residents are recommended to reduce the frequency of EOH.
ABSTRACT
Progress has been made in applying genetic information to disease management in the postgenomic era, and precision medicine is emerging in prostate cancer management. The prostate health index, the 4-kallikrein (4K) score, and the PCA3, TMPRSS2-ERG, and Prostarix tests have potential for refining prostate cancer screening in conjunction with traditional prostate-specific antigen testing. The Confirm MDx and PCA3 tests have shown promise in identifying men who need be rebiopsied after a primary negative biopsy. Oncotype DX, Prolaris, the biopsy-based Decipher prostate cancer test, and ProMark may improve predictive risk stratification in addition to the traditional Gleason score and tumor stage. Decipher and Prolaris may predict biochemical recurrence and metastasis after radical prostatectomy and possibly help identify patients who need adjuvant therapy. Androgen receptor splice variant 7 appears effective in guiding the selection of second hormonal manipulation with abiraterone or enzalutamide versus chemotherapy when treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Biomarkers , Biopsy , Disease Management , Drug Therapy , Mass Screening , Neoplasm Grading , Neoplasm Metastasis , Precision Medicine , Prostate , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Prostatectomy , Prostatic Neoplasms , Receptors, Androgen , RecurrenceABSTRACT
Progress has been made in applying genetic information to disease management in the postgenomic era, and precision medicine is emerging in prostate cancer management. The prostate health index, the 4-kallikrein (4K) score, and the PCA3, TMPRSS2-ERG, and Prostarix tests have potential for refining prostate cancer screening in conjunction with traditional prostate-specific antigen testing. The Confirm MDx and PCA3 tests have shown promise in identifying men who need be rebiopsied after a primary negative biopsy. Oncotype DX, Prolaris, the biopsy-based Decipher prostate cancer test, and ProMark may improve predictive risk stratification in addition to the traditional Gleason score and tumor stage. Decipher and Prolaris may predict biochemical recurrence and metastasis after radical prostatectomy and possibly help identify patients who need adjuvant therapy. Androgen receptor splice variant 7 appears effective in guiding the selection of second hormonal manipulation with abiraterone or enzalutamide versus chemotherapy when treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.