ABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo foi analisar a associação entre o uso de tabaco (no mês e frequente) com os estilos parentais e o comportamento de fumar dos pais, em uma amostra de estudantes do Ensino Médio. Foram avaliados 17.246 estudantes do Ensino Médio de escolas públicas e privadas das 27 capitais brasileiras. A prevalência do uso de tabaco na vida foi de 25,2%, 15,3% no ano, 8,6% no mês, e 3,2% para uso frequente. Em relação aos estilos parentais, 39,2% dos pais foram classificados como negligentes, 33,3% autoritativos, 15,6% como indulgentes e 11,9% autoritários. Comparados a estudantes com pais autoritativos, filhos de pais negligentes ou indulgentes tiveram maior chance de relatar o uso no último mês ou frequente de tabaco. Observou-se uma associação entre o estilo parental e uso de cigarros por estudantes do Ensino Médio. O estilo parental autoritativo foi associado à proteção ao uso de tabaco no mês e frequente entre os adolescentes.
Resumen El objetivo fue analizar la asociación entre el consumo de tabaco (durante el mes y su frecuencia) con los estilos parentales y el hábito de fumar de los padres, en una muestra de estudiantes de secundaria. Los participantes fueron reclutados de escuelas públicas y privadas de 27 capitales estatales de Brasil (n = 17.246). La prevalencia de uso en la vida fue un 25,2%, en el último año 15,3%, en el último mes 8,6%, y 3,2% de uso frecuente. El consumo de tabaco parental fue reportado por un 28,6% de los estudiantes. 39,2% de los padres fueron clasificados como negligentes, 33,3% autoritativos, 15,6% indulgentes y 11,9% autoritarios. Comparados con los adolescentes con padres autoritativos, aquellos con padres negligentes o indulgentes reportaron más uso de tabaco durante el último mes o uso frecuente. Se encontró asociación entre estilos parentales y uso de tabaco por parte de los estudiantes. El estilo parental autoritativo se asoció con la protección para el uso del tabaco en el mes y frecuencia entre los adolescentes.
Abstract The objective was to evaluate the relationship between tobacco use (previous month and frequent use), parenting styles and parental smoking behavior in a sample of high school students. Participants were recruited from public and private high schools from 27 Brazilian state capitals (N = 17,246). The overall prevalence of tobacco use in life was 25.2%; 15.3% in the previous year; 8.6% in the previous month; and 3.2% for frequent use. Tobacco use by the parents was reported by 28.6% of the students. Regarding parenting styles, 39.2% were classified as negligent, 33.3% authoritative, 15.6% as indulgent and 11.9% authoritarian. Compared to adolescents with authoritative parents, those with negligent or indulgent parents were more prone to report tobacco use during the last month or frequent use. This study showed an association between parenting styles and tobacco use by high school students. Authoritative parents were associated with protection from frequent and previous month tobacco use among adolescents.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Female , Humans , Male , Adolescent Behavior , Authoritarianism , Parenting , Smoking/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Protective FactorsABSTRACT
Objectives: To describe patterns of nonprescribed use of tranquilizers by students aged 10 to 18 years and assess the sociodemographic characteristics of these adolescents and their use of other substances. Methods: A randomized and stratified sample of 47,979 students from state and private schools of the 27 Brazilian state capitals completed a self-report questionnaire. Poisson regression was used to estimate the associations between tranquilizer use and sociodemographic factors, as well as the use of other psychotropic substances. Results: The lifetime prevalence of nonprescribed use of tranquilizers was 3.9%. Use was most common among girls, wealthier adolescents, and those from private schools. An association was found between use of tranquilizers and lifetime use of alcohol (prevalence ratio [PR] = 3.15; 95% confidence intervals [95%CI] 2.58-3.85), tobacco (PR = 2.61; 95%CI 2.31-2.95), illicit drugs (PR = 3.70; 95%CI 3.19-4.29), and other prescription drugs (PR = 7.03; 95%CI 6.18-7.99). As the number of substances adolescents reported having used increased, so did the nonprescribed use of tranquilizers. Conclusions: Nonprescribed use of tranquilizers by adolescents might indicate the use of other substances, including high-risk combinations such as tranquilizers and alcohol. The risks of this association should be addressed during the early stages of drug prevention programs. .