ABSTRACT
Cephalic pancreaticoduodenectomy (CPD) is the surgical procedure of choice for curative resection of pancreatic head and periampullary tumors. Preoperative nutritional intervention is crucial for reducing postoperative complications since malnutrition can be found in patients with these tumors. This malnutrition can get even worse during the postoperative period due to fasting and subsequent treatments. Besides, the surgical procedure entails surgical resections that alter the digestive process and can have long-term negative effects on the nutritional status. An aspect infrequently assessed is the alteration of exocrine and endocrine functions after surgery, that noticeably affects both the metabolic and general status of these patients. As regards long-term nutrition, there is no consensus on how to evaluate patients who have undergone a pancreatic resection. Consequently, early nutritional intervention since diagnosis may prevent or lessen the deterioration of nutritional status resulting from the disease itself as well as from the surgery and from the long term. The alimentary and nutritional education that would help the patient gain an adequate control of his metabolism and nutrition becomes vital.
Subject(s)
Malnutrition/etiology , Pancreatic Neoplasms/surgery , Pancreaticoduodenectomy , Nutritional Support/methods , Postoperative Complications , Malnutrition/therapy , Nutritional Status , Humans , Pancreatic Neoplasms/complications , Pancreaticoduodenectomy/adverse effectsABSTRACT
El correcto planeamiento de una alimentación vegetariana, hace que esta sea apropiada para los individuosdurante las diferentes etapas del ciclo de la vida, incluyendo también a los deportistas.En esta revisión se quiere considerar si el vegetarianismo es beneficioso, o perjudicial en el rendimiento deportivo.Se examinan los posibles mecanismos por los cuales las prácticas dietéticas vegetarianas podrían influir enel rendimiento deportivo, considerando el impacto de los macronutrientes como las proteínas y los hidratos decarbono, como también los micronutrientes como el hierro, el calcio, el zinc, la vitamina B12, y los antioxidantesy otros componentes de la dieta, tales como la creatina.
A well-planned vegetarian diet can be appropriate for individuals during different stages of their life cycle, including for athletes.This review aims to assess whether vegetarianism has a beneficial or negative effect on athletic performance. We analyze possible mechanisms by which vegetarian dietary practices could influence athletic performance. We consider the impact of macronutrients such as proteins and carbohydrates, as well as of micronutrients such as iron,calcium, zinc, vitamin B12, and antioxidants and other dietary components, including creatine.
O correto planejamento de uma alimentação vegetariana faz com que ela seja apropriada para os indivíduos durante as diferentes etapas do ciclo da vida, incluindo também os esportistas. Esta revisão tem como objetivo considerar se o vegetarianismo é benéfico ou prejudicial ao rendimento esportivo. Foram examinados os possíveis mecanismos pelos quais as práticas dietéticas vegetarianas poderiam influenciar no rendimento esportivo, considerando o impacto dos macronutrientes como as proteínas e os hidratos de carbono, como também os micronutrientes como o ferro, o cálcio, o zinco, a vitamina B12, e os antioxidantes e outros componentes da dieta,tais como a creatina.