Clinical Features of Collagenous Gastritis / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of collagenous gastritis (CG) and provide evidence for the precise diagnosis and treatment of CG.Methods Published case reports and case series were collected from PubMed,CNKI,and Wanfang Med Online with the key words of collagenous gastritis,collagenous gastroduodenitis,collagenous gastrointestinal diseases,and gastric mucosal nodules.The demographic and clinical information of each case was collected.Results According to the extent of collagen deposition in the digestive tract,94 CG cases included in this study were assigned into upper digestive tract (UDT)-CG,total digestive tract (TDT)-CG and other groups.The UDT-CG group included 52 cases (57.69% females and 42.31% males) with a median age of 14.50 (11.00,25.75) years old.There were 17 cases in the TDT-CG group,including 70.59% females and 29.41% males,with a median age of 15.00 (9.50,48.50) years old.The other group contained 25 cases,(64.00% females and 36.00% males) with a median age of 25.00 (15.50,59.50) years old.The main clinical manifestations in the UDT-CG group were anemia (59.62%) and diarrhea (17.31%),and those in the TDT-CG group were anemia (29.41%) and diarrhea (94.12%).The nodular appearance of gastric mucosa was observed in 75.00% cases in the UDT-CG group and 35.29% cases in the TDT-CG group.In the initial treatment,symptomatic therapy and hormonal therapy respectively relieved the symptoms in 75.00% (30/40) and 100% (3/3) cases in the UDT-CG group and 57.14% (4/7) and 83.33% (5/6) cases in the TDT-CG group.In the retreatment,symptomatic therapy and hormone therapy respectively achieved the remission rates of 100.00% (3/3) and 88.89% (8/9) in the UDT-CG group and 80.00% (4/5) and 66.67% (2/3) in the TDT-CG group.Conclusions CG,a rare disease of gastric collagen deposition,mainly occurs in young patients,and females are more susceptible than males.The clinical manifestations of CG are nonspecific,and anemia,abdominal pain,diarrhea,weight loss,and gastrointestinal bleeding are the common symptoms of CG.Nodular appearance of gastric mucosa is a relatively specific endoscopic feature of CG.There is no standardized treatment for CG.Symptomatic treatment is commonly adopted to improve the quality of life of the patients,and hormones can be added when necessary.

A hnRNPA2B1 agonist effectively inhibits HBV and SARS-CoV-2 omicron in vivo

The twenty-first century has already recorded more than ten major epidemics or pandemics of viral disease, including the devastating COVID-19. Novel effective antivirals with broad-spectrum coverage are urgently needed. Herein, we reported a novel broad-spectrum antiviral compound PAC5. Oral administration of PAC5 eliminated HBV cccDNA and reduced the large antigen load in distinct mouse models of HBV infection. Strikingly, oral administration of PAC5 in a hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 omicron (BA.1) infection significantly decreases viral loads and attenuates lung inflammation. Mechanistically, PAC5 binds to a pocket near Asp49 in the RNA recognition motif of hnRNPA2B1. PAC5-bound hnRNPA2B1 is extensively activated and translocated to the cytoplasm where it initiates the TBK1-IRF3 pathway, leading to the production of type I IFNs with antiviral activity. Our results indicate that PAC5 is a novel small-molecule agonist of hnRNPA2B1, which may have a role in dealing with emerging infectious diseases now and in the future.

The effects of robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic-assisted radical right hemicolectomy on short-term outcome and long-term prognosis based on propensity score matching / 中华外科杂志

Objective: To compare the short-term and long-term outcomes between robotic-assisted and laparoscopic-assisted radical right hemicolectomy in patients with adenocarcinoma of the right colon. Methods: Retrospective review of a prospectively collected database identified 288 right colon cancer patients who underwent either robotic-assisted (n=57) or laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy (n=231) between October 2014 and October 2020 at Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. There were 161 males and 127 females, aging (60.3±12.8) years (range: 17 to 86 years). After propensity score matching as 1∶4 between robotic-assisted and laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy, there were 56 cases in robotic group and 176 cases in laparoscipic group. Perioperative outcomes and overall survival were compared between the two groups using t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, χ2 test, Fisher exact test, Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test, respectively. Results: The total operative time was similar between the robotic and laparoscopic group ((206.9±60.7) minutes vs. (219.9±56.3) minutes, t=-1.477, P=0.141). Intraoperative bleeding was less in the robotic group (50 (20) ml vs. 50 (50) ml, Z=-4.591, P<0.01), while the number of lymph nodes retrieved was significantly higher (36.0±10.0 vs. 29.0±10.1, t=4.491, P<0.01). Patients in robotic group experienced significantly shorter hospital stay, shorter time to first flatus, and defecation (t: -2.888, -2.946, -2.328, all P<0.05). Moreover, the overall peri-operative complication rate was similar between robotic and laparoscopic group (17.9% vs. 22.7%, χ²=0.596,P=0.465). The 3-year overall survival were 92.9% and 87.9% respectively and the 3-year disease-free survival rates were 83.1% and 82.6% with no statistical significance between the robotic and laparoscopic group (P>0.05). Conclusions: Compared to laparoscopic-assisted right hemicolectomy, robot-assisted right hemicolectomy could improve some short-term clinical outcomes. The two procedures are both achieving comparable survival.

Analysis of Bacterial Flora Structure of Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage Due to Hyperactivity of Liver-Yang by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing Technique / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective: To explore the difference of intestinal flora between the patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage due to hyperactivity of liver-Yang and the healthy population. Method: The fecal samples of 9 patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage due to hyperactivity of liver-Yang from the first affiliated hospital of Guangzhou university of traditional Chinese medicine in 2018 were selected as observation group,and 6 stool samples from healthy subjects were selected as the control group.The total bacterial DNA was extracted from the two groups of samples,amplified according to the 16S rRNA V4 region,and paired-end sequencing was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform.The sequencing results were analyzed by bioinformatics analysis software.The flora composition and structure of the samples from two groups were compared. Result:Venn analysis of operational taxonomic units(OTU) showed significant difference in OTU numbers between the observation group and control group.Partial least squares-discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) showed that there was a significant difference in the composition of intestinal flora between patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage and healthy subjects.On the analysis of species and abundance,at the classification level of phylum,compared with the control group,the ratio of relative abundance values of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes(F/B) in the observation group was significantly increased,and the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia was significantly decreased(PPrevotella,Bacteroides,Akkermansia,Blautia and Acidaminococcus(PPBacteroides and Prevotella(B/P) in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group;at the classification level of species,there were significant differences between the two groups in P. copri,A. muciniphila,B. ovatus,B. fragilis and Ruminococcus callidus(PPConclusion:Acute cerebral hemorrhage due to hyperactivity of liver-Yang is associated with structural disorder of intestinal flora,which is closely related to the decrease in relative abundance of P. copri and A. muciniphila.

Occupational activity disorders of extremely severe mass burn patients in recovery period after injury: a cross-sectional survey / 中华烧伤杂志

Objective@#To observe the distribution of occupational activity disorders of extremely severe mass burn patients in recovery period after injury.@*Methods@#From December 2014 to December 2015, 65 extremely severe burn patients conforming to the inclusion criteria involved in August 2 Kunshan factory aluminum dust explosion accident were admitted to Kunshan Rehabilitation Hospital. They received comprehensive rehabilitation treatment after burns, including wearing pressure clothes, ultrasound treatment, semiconductor laser and red light irradiation, motor function training, and so on. Over 2 years after injury, a cross-sectional survey was conducted on the patients′ occupational activity disorders. Modified Barthel index (MBI) was used to assess the degree of activities of daily living (ADL) disorder of patients and to grade the independent level of completing each item of MBI, and then the independent level of patients completing self-care MBI items (bathing, dressing, grooming, eating, going to the toilet, urine control, and stool control) was compared with that of mobility items (going up and down stairs, bed and chair transfer, and walking). The Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) was used to assess the distribution of occupational activity disorders of patients. The distribution of the five most serious occupational activity disorders was counted, then the frequency and probability of which with frequency greater than or equal to 16 times were calculated. Data were processed with Pearson Chi-square test.@*Results@#Over 2 years after injury, the MBI score of patients was (76±22) points, and the ADL of 83.08% (54/65) patients reached completely self-care or light ADL disorder level. The MBI items arranged according to the completing independent level of patients from high to low were urine control/stool control, walking, bed and chair transfer, going up and down stairs, going to the toilet, eating, grooming, dressing, and bathing. The independent level of patients completing self-care MBI items was lower than that of mobility items (χ2=62.298, P<0.001). Over 2 years after injury, the five most serious occupational activity disorders in COPM dimension were mainly concentrated in the self-care dimension, accounting for 55.38% (180/325), followed by 22.46% (73/325) of production activities and 22.15% (72/325) of recreational activities, and the centrally distributed item was the personal self-care item under self-care dimension, accounting for 42.46% (138/325). Over 2 years after injury, the five most serious occupational activity disorders with frequency greater than or equal to 16 times were dressing and undressing, bathing, perineal cleaning, wearing pressure clothes, caring for children, visiting relatives and friends, 31, 25, 16, 17, 18, and 22 times respectively, with a probability of 47.69%, 38.46%, 24.62%, 26.15%, 27.69%, and 33.85% respectively.@*Conclusions@#Over 2 years after injury, most of the patients with extremely severe burns caused by the aluminum dust explosion were completely or basically self-care in their daily life. The disorder of self-care ADL was more serious than that of mobility, and the disorder of individual self-care activity was still the most serious occupational activity disorder of patients in this stage.@*Clinical trial registration@#Chinese clinical trial registry, ChiCTR-OOC-16009188.

Efficacy of intramedullary and extramedullary decompression and lavage therapy under microscope for treatment of chronic cervical spinal cord injury / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical effect of spinal cord decompression and lavage therapy on chronic cervical spinal cord injury and explore the possible mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-seven patients with chronic cervical spinal cord injury treated in our hospital from January, 2008 to January, 2015 were enrolled, including 17 with multilevel cervical disc herniation, 25 with long segmental ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament, 13 with hypertrophy or calcification of neck ligamentum flavum, and 2 with old cervical fractures. Open-door spinal canal laminoplasty via a posterior approach and decompression in simple extramedullary decompression was performed in 31 cases (group A), and open-door spinal cord incision decompression via a posterior approach, saline irrigation, and spinal canal laminoplasty in intramedullary decompression was performed in 26 cases (group B). The pre-operative cerebrospinal fluid in group B patients was collected to examine the inflammatory factors. All the patients were followed up and evaluated for pre- and postoperative JOA scores to calculate the improvement rate with regular examinations by X-ray, CT or MRI.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Imaging examinations 2 weeks after the operation showed obvious relief of the primary lesion in both groups, and the improvement of high signals was better in group B than in group A. The mean improvement rate at 12 months after the operation was 52.33% in group A and 61.52% in group B (P<0.05), and the mean JOA score was significantly higher in group B than in group A (14.80∓1.51 vs 13.58∓0.56; P<0.05). Cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred in 3 cases, epidural hematoma in 2 cases, internal fixation loosening in 1 case in group A; portal shaft fracture and internal fixation loosening occurred in 1 case in group B. Postoperative recovery time was shorter in group B and entered the platform phase in 3 months. The inflammatory factors IFN-γ, IL-17F, IL-6 and sCD40L were all significantly higher than the normal levels after spinal cord injury, and the increment of IL-6 was the most conspicuous (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Intramedullary and extramedullary decompression can achieve better outcomes than extramedullary decompression in patients with chronic cervical cord injury. This may be related not only to relieving adhesions and secondary compression by cutting the dura under the microscope, but also to removal of local inflammatory factors.</p>

Efficacy of Shangbai ointment in alleviating pain in patients with acute ankle joint lateral collateral ligament injury: a randomized controlled trial / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Shangbai ointment in relieving pain in patients with acute ankle joint lateral collateral ligament injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty patients with unilateral ankle injury were randomized into Shangbai ointment treatment group and control group (n=25). The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, ankle joint circumference, Kofoed score and self-rated lower limb function were recorded before and at 3, 7, and 14 days after the treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The baseline data were comparable between the two groups. The VAS pain score and swelling elimination in the treatment group were better than those in the control group at 3, 7, and 14 days after treatment; the Kofoed ankle score was higher in the treatment group than in the control group at 7 and 14 days after treatment. The patients in the treatment also reported better self-rated lower limb function than those in the control group at 7 and 14 days after the treatment.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Shangbai ointment treatment can rapidly relieve pain in patients with acute ankle joint lateral collateral ligament injury and improve the functional scores of the joint.</p>

microRNA-181b promotes migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by targeting N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of miR-181b on the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three cultured osteosarcoma cell lines and MG-63 cells transfected with miR-181b inhibitor were examined for miR-181b expression using qRT-PCR analysis. The cell migration and invasion of the transfected cells were assessed with Transwell assay. The targets of miR-181b were predicted using a miRNA target prediction software and the results were verified with luciferase reporter assay. The target protein expression in osteosarcoma cells lines was determined by Western blotting, and the cell migration and invasion changes following inhibition of miR-181b or its target protein were assessed using Transwell assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 3 osteosarcoma cells lines showed significantly up-regulated miR-181b expression. Inhibition of miR-181b expression obviously suppressed the migration and invasion of MG-63 cells. Based on luciferase reporter assay, N-myc downstream regulated gene 2 (NDRG2) was identified as the direct target gene of miR-181b, and inhibition of NDRG2 expression significantly reversed the effect of miR-181b on cell migration and invasion in MG-63 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-181b is over-expressed in osteosarcoma cells, and inhibition of miR-181b, which directly targets NDRG2, can suppress the migration and invasion of osteosarcoma cells.</p>

Inhibitory Effect of Melanoma Differentiation Associated Gene-7/Interleukin-24 on Invasion In Vitro of Human Melanoma Cancer Cells

The acquisition of metastasis potential is a critical point for malignant tumors. Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7/interleukin-24 (mda-7/IL-24) is a potential tumor suppress gene and frequently down-regulated in malignant tumors. It has been implicated that overexpression of MDA-7 led to proliferation inhibition in many types of human tumor. Invasion is an important process which is potential to promote tumor metastasis. However, the role and potential molecular mechanism of mda-7/IL-24 to inhibit the invasion of human melanoma cancer is not fully clear. In this report, we identified a solid role for mda-7/IL-24 in invasion inhibition of human melanoma cancer LiBr cells, including decreasing of adhesion and invasion in vitro, blocking cell cycle, down-regulating the expression of ICAM-1, MMP-2/9, CDK1, the phosphorylation of ERK and Akt, NF-kappaB and AP-1 transcription activity. Meanwhile, there was an increased expression of PTEN in mda-7/IL-24 over-expression LiBr cells. Our results demonstrated that mda-7/IL-24 is a potential invasion suppress gene, which inhibits the invasion of LiBr cells by the down-regulation of ICAM-1, MMP-2/9, PTEN, and CDK1 expression. The molecular pathways involved were the MAPK/ERK, PI3K-Akt, NF-kappaB, and AP-1. These findings suggest that mda-7/IL-24 may be used as a possible therapeutic strategy for human melanoma cancer.

Effect of NH4(+) -N/NO3(-)-N ratio in applied supplementary fertilizer on nitrogen metabolism and main chemical composition of Pinellia ternata / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of nitrogen forms on nitrogen metabolism and main chemical composition of Pinellia ternate.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Through the soilless cultivation experiment and based at the same nitrogen level and different NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratios, nitrate reductase (NR) activity, glutamine synthetase (GS) activity, the content of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in different parts of P. ternate were determined. The contents of total alkaloid, free total organic acids and guanosine in the tuber were determined. The yield of bulbil and tuber was calculated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The test results showed that, with the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio increasing, the activity of nitrate reductase decreased, the content of nitrate nitrogen in the leaves, petioles and tuber increasing initially, then decreased, and the content of nitrate nitrogen in the root decreased. Meanwhile, with the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio increasing, the activity of glutamine synthetase in the leaves, petioles and root increased, the activity of glutamine synthetase in the tuber increasing initially, then decreased. The contents of ammonium nitrogen in the leaves, tuber and root increased initially, then decreased, and the contents of ammonium nitrogen in the petioles increased with the NH4(+)(-N/NO3(-)-N ratio increasing. The yield of bulbil and tuber were the highest at the NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 75: 25. The content of total alkaloid and guanosine in the tuber were the highest at the NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 0: 100, and the contents were 0.245% and 0.0197% respectively. With the NH4(+)-N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 50: 50, the content of free total organic acids was the highest, it reached 0.7%, however, the content of free total organic acids was the lowest at the NH4(+) -N/NO3(-) -N ratio of 0: 100.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nitrogen fertilization significant influences the nitrogen metabolism, the yield and main chemical composition of P. ternate.</p>

Prognosis analysis of 247 cases of gastrointestinal stromal tumor / 中华胃肠外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinicopathologic data of 247 patients with GIST from January 2003 to November 2012 in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University Medical College, and the prognostic factors were evaluated retrospectively by univariate and multivariate analysis with Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Patients were followed up with a median time of 26 months (1 to 113 months). Twenty-six patients developed recurrence or metastasis, and 18 died of GIST. The 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates were 94%, 91% and 83% respectively. Univariate analysis showed that age, tumor location, tumor size, mitotic count and tumor rupture were predictive factors of survival after resection of primary GIST (all P<0.01). For patients at intermediate and high risk to relapse, imatinib group had a higher 5-year overall survival rate than non-imatinib group (85.7% vs. 81.0%, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size (RR=2.248, 95%CI:1.081-4.677, P=0.030), mitotic count (RR=2.220, 95%CI:1.032-4.776, P=0.041) and tumor rupture (RR=5.183, 95%CI:1.677-16.017, P=0.004) were independent prognostic factors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Tumor size, mitotic count and tumor rupture affect the prognosis after resection of primary GIST independently. Imatinib adjuvant therapy can improve overall survival of patients at intermediate and high risk to relapse after surgery.</p>

Aqueous extracts of Ocimum grasstimum inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 expression in airway epithelial cell BEAS-2B / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the antiinflammatory activities of aqueous extract of Occimum gratissmium (OGE) with emphasis on expression of proinflammatory cytokines in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated epithelial cell BEAS-2B.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Effects of OGE on cell viability were determined by MTT assay. mRNA expression were analyzed by and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time PCR. Activation of kinase cascades was investigated by immunoblot. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>OGE (<200 μg/mL) treatment or pretreatment and following LPS exposure slightly affected viability of BEAS-2B cells. Increase of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 and the elevated level of intracellular ROS in LPS-stimulated BEAS-2B cells were diminished by OGE pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner. OGE suppressed inflammatory response-associated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and Akt activation. Additionally, OGE pretreatment increased level of cellular inhibitor of κBα (IκBα) and inhibited nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These findings indicate that significant suppression of IL-6 and IL-8 expressions in LPS-stimulated BEAS-2B cells by OGE may be attributed to inhibiting activation of MAPKs and Akt and consequently suppressing nuclear translocation of NF-κB.</p>

Application of titanium mesh in anterior cervical subtotal corpectomy with locking plate for cervical spondylotic myelopathy / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical effect of titanium mesh in anterior cervical subtotal subcorpectomy with locking plate for treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-eight patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy were treated with anterior cervical subtotal corpectomy using titanium mesh and locking plate. The JOA score of the patients were assessed before and after the operation, and the pre- and postoperative lateral cervical radiographs were taken to observe the instability of the titanium mesh, dynamic plates and changes of the cervical curvature.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients were followed up for 12-18 months. Radiographic cervical fusion was achieved in 12-16 months (36 cases) or 18 months (2 cases) postoperatively. The degree of Jordosis was improved and the height of the anterior spinal column and physical curvature were effectively maintained after the operation. The titanium mesh and locking plate showed no signs of loosening and the JOA scores was significantly improved after the operation (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Titanium mesh in anterior cervical subtotal corpectomy with locking plate allows effective treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy, but the indications of this procedure must be carefully evaluated. The long-term effect of this approach still needs verification by further follow-up data.</p>