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1.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 13(2): 104-106, Apr. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-538213

ABSTRACT

Pneumococcal (Pnc) carriage is associated with pneumococcal diseases. Breast feeding and maternal vaccination may be a useful approach to prevent pneumococcal infection in young infants. We examined the risk of Pnc carriage by infants at six months of age after pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination of pregnant women. We selected 139 pregnant woman. The woman were randomly allocated to receive 23-valent polysaccharide vaccines during pregnancy (Group 1) after pregnancy (Group 2) or not receive any vaccine (Group 3). Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the infants at three and six months of age. The infants were evaluated monthly during the first six months. We included 47 mothers in Group 1, 45 mothers in Group 2 and 47 mothers in Group 3. Forty-seven percent of the babies were exclusively breast fed until six months, 26 percent received both breast feeding and artificial feeding and 13 percent received only artificial feeding. Among those patients, 26 percent were colonized by Pnc at six months (12 from Group 1, 13 from Group 2, and 12 from Group 3). There was no significant difference in colonization between the three groups. Thirty percent of the children were colonized by a non-susceptible strain. We concluded that young infants (three months old) are already susceptible to pneumococcal carriage. Vaccination during pregnancy with a polysaccharide vaccine did not decrease Pnc colonization.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Infant , Pregnancy , Young Adult , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Carrier State/immunology , Pneumococcal Infections/immunology , Pneumococcal Vaccines/administration & dosage , Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/immunology , Acute Disease , Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology , Breast Feeding , Carrier State/prevention & control , Nasopharynx/microbiology , Pneumococcal Infections/prevention & control , Pneumococcal Vaccines/immunology , Respiratory Tract Infections/immunology , Respiratory Tract Infections/prevention & control , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Young Adult
2.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 11(3): 375-377, June 2007. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-457641

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus pyogenes meningitis (SPM) occurs sporadically, even with the increase of invasive streptococcal disease observed in the past years. We reported two cases of SPM in infants to alert pediatricians for the possibility of this agent as a cause of meningitis in previously healthy children.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Male , Meningitis, Bacterial/microbiology , Streptococcal Infections/microbiology , Streptococcus pyogenes/isolation & purification , Meningitis, Bacterial/diagnosis , Meningitis, Bacterial/drug therapy , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Streptococcal Infections/diagnosis , Streptococcal Infections/drug therapy
3.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 78(1): 19-23, jan.-fev. 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-315124

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Avaliar letalidade, morbidade, resistência bacteriana e sorotipos mais freqüentes em crianças internadas por meningite bacteriana. Métodos: selecionamos crianças com meningite bacteriana com cultura positiva para S. pneumoniae, entre 1 mês e 15 anos, internadas em dois hospitais em São Paulo, e analisamos dados clínicos e microbiológicos. A identificação do S. pneumoniae foi realizada através do teste de optoquina e solubilidade em bile. Todas as cepas foram testadas com disco de oxacilina 1µg e, nas cepas que apresentaram alo de inibição <20mm, foi avaliada a concentração inibitório mínima para penicilina, cloranfenicol, eritromicina, ceftriaxona, vancomicina e trimetroprim/sulfametoxazole pelo método do E-teste. As cepas de pneumococo foram sorotipadas através da reação de Quellung. A evolução clínica dos pacientes foi analisada através de revisão retrospectiva dos prontuários, com uso de um protocolo uniforme de avaliação. Resultados: incluimos 55 pacientes com meningite pneumocócica, sendo que 52,5 por cento delas apresentava idade menor de 6 meses. Das cepas isoladas, 36 por cento apresentavam infecção por cepa com resistência intermediária à penicilina (0,1µg/ml menor ou igual CIM menor ou igual 1,0µg/ml). Das cepas com susceptibilidade diminuída à penicilina, 35 por cento era resistente à trimetoprim/sulfametoxazole. Não houve resistência aos outros antibióticos testados. A letalidade foi de 20 por cento, e houve seqüelas neurológicas em 40 por cento das crianças avaliadas. Houve correlação estatisticamente significante entre letalidade e alteração neurológica com idade abaixo de 6 meses. Os sorotipos do pneumococo mais freqüentemente encontrados foram 1, 5, 6B, 14, 19A, 23F, sendo que 70 por cento dos sorotipos encontrados estão presentes na vacina heptavalente, recentemente liberada. Conclusão: meningite pneumocócica apresenta alta letalidade e alta morbidade, e a vacina heptavalente tem utilidade potencial na sua prevenção


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Meningitis, Pneumococcal , Streptococcus , Vaccines
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