ABSTRACT
Contexto: A tendinite do manguito rotador (TMR) é frequente em operadores de caixa de supermercado devido às exigências do trabalho. É, de facto, frequente a realização de movimentos repetitivos de abdução e flexão dos membros superiores, muitas vezes em carga, que podem causar inflamação dos tecidos periarticulares do ombro, desencadeando sinais e sintomas de TMR. Objetivos: Conhecer a prevalência de TMR em operadores de caixa de supermercado por meio da avaliação de sintomas, sinais e ecografia. Métodos: Participaram 44 trabalhadores com idades entre 28 e 47 anos. Eles preencheram um questionário de queixas autorreferidas aos ombros e realizaram exame objetivo (manobras do arco doloroso, do conflito subacromial e abdução resistida do ombro) e ecografia de tecidos moles. Resultados: Identificaram-se queixas de dor no ombro em 26 operadores à direita (59,1%) e em 16 (36,4%) à esquerda. Ao exame objetivo, 15 e 11 trabalhadores (34,1% à direita e 25,0% à esquerda, respetivamente) apresentaram positividade nas três manobras. Na ultrassonografia foram encontradas alterações no ombro direito e esquerdo em 16 e 17 operadores (36,4 e 38,6%, respetivamente). Não foi encontrada concordância estatística entre as três abordagens. A "manobra de abdução resistida do ombro" revelou boa relação com as queixas de dor no ombro (χ2 Wald (1)=7,260; p=0,007). Obtiveram-se resultados semelhantes de associação entre essa manobra e a avaliação ecográfica (χ2 Wald (1)=6,854; p=0,009; ROC=0,714, sensibilidade 75%; especificidade 67,9%). Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos sugerem que a "manobra de abdução resistida do ombro" é preditiva de TMR na vigilância médica desses trabalhadores. Tal deverá ser verificado em futuros estudos, designadamente envolvendo amostras de maiores dimensões.
Background: Rotator cuff tendinitis (RCT) is common among supermarket cashiers due to their work demands. Repetitive movements of shoulder abduction and flexion are frequent, which might cause inflammation of the periarticular tissues of the shoulder, triggering signs and symptoms of RCT. Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of RCT in supermarket cashiers by means of assessment of symptoms, signs and ultrasound. Methods: Forty-four workers aged 28 to 47 years old participated in the study. The participants were subjected to a self-report shoulder complaints questionnaire, clinical examinations ("painful arc test", "empty can test" and "Hawkins-Kennedy impingement test") and soft tissue ultrasound. Results: A total of 26 participants reported shoulder pain on the right side (59.1%) and 16 (36.4%) on the left side. During clinical assessment, 15 and 11 workers (34.1% right and 25.0% left, respectively) had positive results on all three tests. Ultrasound showed alterations in the right and left shoulder in 16 and 17 participants (36.4 and 38.6%, respectively). No statistical correlation was found between the three approaches. The "empty can test" exhibited strong correlation with shoulder pain (χ2 Wald (1)=7.260, p=0.007). Similar results were obtained for the association between this test and ultrasound (χ2 Wald (1)=6.854, p=0.009, ROC=0.714, sensitivity 75%, specificity 67.9%). Conclusions: The results suggest that the "empty can test" is predictive of RCT in the medical surveillance of supermarket cashiers. This finding should be verified in future studies, especially with larger samples.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cumulative Trauma Disorders/epidemiology , Surveillance of the Workers Health , Rotator Cuff Injuries/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Medicine , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Laboratory and field bioassays have confirmed the specificity of the molluscicidal activity of the Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii latex (crown of Christ) (Euphorbiaceae) over snails of the species Biomphalaria glabrata, B. tenagophila, B. straminea, B. pfeifferi and Bulinus sp. in the control of Schistosoma mansoni. In the present study, the effect of the pH variation on lethal concentration (LC90) over B. tenagophila was evaluated. Bioassays with the aqueous solutions of the latex ranging from 0.4 to 12 æl/l were adjusted for pH of 5.0; 6.0; 7.0 and 8.0, and tested in accordance with methods standardized by World Health Organization. The results obtained indicated that the minor concentration of the latex occurred at pH 6.0 (LC90 = 3.2 æl/l) and the maximum at pH 8.0 (LC90 = 10.3 æl/l). Lethal concentrations adjusted for pH 5.0 and 7.0 were 3.4 æl/l and 4,7æl/l, respectively. From the results it could be concluded that the molluscicidal toxicity was not altered when the concentrations were adjusted for pH 5.0 and 6.0, as we observed that mortality rate was 100 percent starting at a concentration of 2.0 æl/l, not the same for the concentrations with adjustment for pH 7.0 and 8.0
ABSTRACT
Laboratory tests with aqueous solutions of Euphorbia splendens var. hislopii latex have demonstrated seasonal stability of the molluscacidal principle, with LD90 values of 1.14 ppm (spring), 1.02 ppm (fall), 1.09 ppm (winter), and 1.07 ppm (summer) that have been determined against Biomphalaria tenagophila in the field. Assays on latex collected in Belo Horizonte and Recife yielded LD90 values similar to those obtained with the reference substance collected in Rio de Janeiro (Ilha do Governador), demonstrating geographic stability of the molluscacidal effect. The molluscacidal action of aqueous dilutions of the latex in natura, centrifuged (precipitate) and lyophilized, was stable for up to 124 days at room temperature (in natura) and for up to 736 days in a common refrigerator at 10 to 12 degrees C (lyophilized product). A 5.0 ppm solution is 100% lethal for snails up to 13 days after preparation, the effect being gradually lost to almost total inactivity by the 30th day. This observation indicated that the active principle is instable. These properties together with the wide distribution of the plant, its resistance and adaptation to the tropical climate, its easy cultivation and the easy obtention of latex and preparation of the molluscicidal solution, make this a promising material for large-scale use in the control of schistosomiasis