ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: In this manuscript, we assessed tumor recurrence and tumor‑related mortality in a clinical series of endometrial cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective evaluation of 276 patients (mean age 64 years) with histologically confirmed endometrial cancer treated at a single hospital in Madrid (Spain) was conducted. The median follow‑up was estimated using the inverse Kaplan–Meier method. RESULTS: Salient findings were endometrioid carcinoma (84.8% of cases), grade G1 (48.9%) and stages IB (35.1%) and IC (23.2%). Myometrial infiltration >50% was documented in 31.2% of cases and lymphovascular space invasion in 11.9%. After surgery, 52.5% of patients were classified into the low risk group, 21.4% into the intermediate risk group and 26.1% into the high risk group. Tumor recurrence occurred in 14.5% of patients, with an estimated median follow‑up of 45 months (95% confidence interval (CI): 41.2–48.8), locoregional recurrence in 42.5% and distant recurrences in 57.5%. Furthermore, 40% of tumor recurrences developed during the first year after primary treatment and 90% over the first 3 years of follow‑up. The tumor‑related mortality rate was 15.9%. The estimated median follow‑up was 46 months (95% CI: 43.0–49.0). Furthermore, 5.07% of death because of tumor developed during the first year after primary treatment and 13.77% over the first 3 years of follow‑up. CONCLUSION: The rates of tumor‑related death and tumor recurrence in endometrial cancer patients are low, with the highest percentages occurring within 3 years of primary treatment. Most of the recurrences occur outside the pelvis.
ABSTRACT
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent type of skin cancer in humans, with cumulative exposure to ultraviolet radiation as an important risk factor for development of illness such as severe solar burns during childhood or adolescence. BCC is mainly located on sun-exposed sites, head and neck being the areas of more incidences; although nose, eyelids and periorbitary tissue are unfavorable due to cosmetic results that BCC involves. Tumors can be classified as nodular, superficial, micronodular, morphea variety, infiltrating, pigmented, metatypic and fibroepithelioma of Pinkus. Several treatment options such as surgical and nonsurgical are available. The goal of treatment is complete excision of the tumor with preservation of surrounding structures in a way aesthetically acceptable. Mohs' micrographic surgery is the standard treatment for all nonmelanoma skin cancers. Orbital exenteration is also used for treatment of malignancies of ocular tissues, mainly squamous cell carcinoma, sebaceous cell carcinoma and BCC. The tissue beneath the surgical site can be left for second-intention granulation or covered with a cutaneous implant of partial thickness. The case of a 77-year-old patient is presented with BCC of inferior eyelid of 14 years' duration, formerly managed with radiotherapy; however, due to recurrent illness and invasion to the maxillary antrum, he needed supraestructure maxillectomy with left orbital exenteration.
Subject(s)
Aged , Carcinoma, Basal Cell/pathology , Eyelid Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Male , Maxilla/pathology , Maxillary Sinus/pathology , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Oral Surgical Procedures , Orbit EviscerationABSTRACT
En el presente reporte informamos sobre la obtencion de 15 hibridomas que secretan anticuerpos contra antigenos de Entamoeba. De estos hibridos, 5 han sido subclonados para obtener un total de 21 subclonas, la cuales secretan anticuerpo monoclonal de la subclase IgG, de tipo k. De las clonas aisladas se seleccionaron arbitrariamente 6 que reaccionaron con trofozoitos de Entamoeba histolytica de las cepas HM1:IMSS y HK9:NIH. Sin embargo, solo una de ellas reacciono con una cepa de E. moshkovskii