ABSTRACT
A anemia falciforme é a doença mais comum entre as hemoglobinopatias no Brasil e no mundo, sendo caracterizada pela presença da hemoglobina anômala S (ou HbS), que provoca falcização (forma de foice) das hemácias. Os problemas clínicos associados à doença estão atribuídos diretamente ao defeito desta hemoglobina nas células vermelhas do sangue. Estes incluem: anemia hemolítica, infecções bacterianas e crises dolorosas. Os pacientes falciformes possuem condições clínicas que podem ser intensificadas durante o tratamento odontológico, logo as medidas preventivas são importantes, porque as infecções dentárias podem precipitar as crises vasoclusivas. As condições de saúde bucal podem causar grande impacto na saúde geral e na qualidade de vida dos portadores, e o cirurgião dentista desempenha um papel importante na prevenção das complicações. Diante dessas peculiaridades da doença e à escassez de estudos sobre suas consequências na cavidade bucal, o objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma breve revisão da literatura destacando os principais aspectos da anemia falciforme relacionados com a saúde bucal.
Sickle cell disease is most common hemoglobinopathies in Brazil and worldwide, and is characterized by the presence of abnormal hemoglobin S (HbS or) that causes sickling (sickle) red blood cells. The clinical problems associated with the disease are directly attributed to the defect of hemoglobin in red blood cells. These include: hemolytic anemia, bacterial infections and pain crises. Sickle cell patients have medical conditions that may be intensified during dental treatment, so preventive measures are important because dental infections can precipitate crises vasoclusivas. The oral health status can cause great impact on overall health and quality of life of patients and the dentist plays an important role in preventing complications. Given these peculiarities of the disease and the scarcity of studies on its effects in the oral cavity, the aim of this paper is to present a brief literature review highlighting key aspects of sickle cell disease related to oral health.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the present study was to investigate caries prevalence and socioeconomic factors in children with sickle cell anemia. This study was conducted in 160 children with sickle cell anemia aged 3 to 12 years attending the Center for Hematology in Recife, Brazil . Data collection included interviews with guardians concerning social factors and oral examinations to determine the caries prevalence. Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson's chi-square tests at a 5% significance level. The caries prevalence was 55.0%. The dmft index was 2.12, and the DMFT index was 1.50. Income significantly influenced dmft; the mean dmft was 4.57 in children whose family income was less than the Brazilian minimum wage (BMW), whereas in children with a family income three times the BMW or higher, the mean dmft was 2.27. No statistically positive association was found between the educational level of parents and guardians and the caries indices. A statistically significant association was found between dental caries prevalence and family income.